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1

SUBSTITUTION OF OBJECTS COMPRISED IN THE ESTATE INHERITED BY CO-HEIRS

100%
Zukowski W.
Kwartalnik Prawa Prywatnego
|
2008
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vol. 17
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issue 3
759-807
EN
It is a common situation, that objects comprised in the estate inherited by co-heirs are sold, destroyed or otherwise lost in the period of time between death of the deceased and the moment of distribution of the estate between co-heirs. At the same time some other items might be acquired in connection with the loss, for example the price or other compensation. It ought to be decided, whether these new items belong to the inherited estate. The problem might be sometimes of great practical importance, however the Polish Civil Code does not regulate it explicitly. It was proposed in the legal literature, that the problem should be resolved by application of the 'surrogation' principle. According to this principle the inherited estate - treated as an example of so called 'special property' - is deemed to comprise all objects acquired in substitution for any object, or by virtue of any right, comprised therein. The author of the article analyses doctrinal notions of 'surrogation' and 'special property'. Then he ascertains that validity of these notions for the Polish private law is at best dubious. Moreover, application of the 'surrogation' principle to the inherited estate does not give clear solutions itself. Finally the author draws a conclusion, that instead of dubious and uncertain 'surrogation' principle, general rules of tort liability and unjust enrichment should be applied to the estate inherited by co-heirs.
2

COMMUTATION'S POSSIBILITIES OF SPATIAL PREPOSITIONS (Posibilidades conmutativas de preposiciones espaciales)

80%
Waluch d. l. T. E.
Kwartalnik Neofilologiczny
|
2010
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vol. 57
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issue 2
203-209
EN
The aim of this article is to present a concise analysis of the phenomena pertaining to semantic specificities observed in the description of spatial prepositions in Spanish. The analysis expects to match the closest prepositional commutations and to describe their possibilities of selection and interpretation. The examination covers only simple (as regards syntax) spatial prepositions, mosty noun adverbials. These determinants are employed in many linguistic papers and they are as follows: commutation, combination, substitution and transformation.
3
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'Spentany jezyk' or on substitutions and calques in the language borderland, based on the materials from braslawski region in Belarus

80%
Smulkowa E.
Acta Baltico-Slavica
|
2007
|
vol. 31
283-289
EN
The article is concerning the semantic and structural dependence of the Polish language actually functioning on the Belarussian-Polish-Lithuanian border line on the Belarussian basis and Russian influence. One of the ways to maintain the usage of Polish language under the conditions of considerable limitation of its usage and, at the same time, its knowledge is a phonetic substitution and calquing of Belarussian and Russian vocabulary and a permanent link of words. This opinion is illustrated by examples originating from field research, performed by the present author and her Belarussian coworkers among rural population in the Braslav region in Belarussia. Considered are, among others, such examples as 'spentany jenzyk' (tangled, mixed language) came into being as a result of semantic difference between the Rus. 'putat', sputat' (to mistake), Brus. 'putats', 'sputats' (to mistake and to fetter (to hobble)) and Pol. 'petac', 'spetac' (to fetter); 'pentaniny' ('mixed people', users of tangled language), 'spotykac sie' (to joust in speaking) from Brus. 'spatykatssa' (the same), 'przelot' (a span In the fence), Brus. 'pralet' (the same), 'przymak' (the husband coming to the farm of his wife) and phrase 'w przymaka poszedl' (from Brus. 'paishou u prymaki, paishou u prymy' and others. Encountered in the area examples of difficulties in qualifying the language affiliation of the used lexemes leads the authoress to the conclusion that a tendency is appearing to loose the ability to delimitation of closely related languages functioning on the border line.
4

ELIPSA

70%
Kosterec M.
Organon F. medzinárodný časopis pre analytickú filozofiu
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2013
|
vol. 20
|
issue 3
355 – 376
EN
The paper deals with semantic content of elliptic sentences and its relation to semantic content of the corresponding non-elliptical sentences. On the basis of certain kinds of examples it is shown that syntactic theories of ellipsis have serious limits. It is also demonstrated that the so-called Property Theory, which is an example of a semantic theory of ellipsis, bears serious limitations. Thereafter, another semantic theory, namely Minimal Indexicalism, is analysed. Theoretical tools of the theory – in particular, its criteria of linguistic expressions identity and three layers of content – that are vital to its handling of ellipsis are discussed in some detail. Finally, a new theory of ellipsis based on Transparent Intensional Logic is proposed and argued for.
5

QUANTIFICATIONAL ACCOUNTS OF LOGICAL CONSEQUENCE II: IN THE FOOTSTEPS OF BOLZANO

70%
Koreň L.
Organon F. medzinárodný časopis pre analytickú filozofiu
|
2014
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vol. 21
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issue 3
303 – 326
EN
Quantificational accounts of logical consequence account for it in terms of truth-preservation in all cases – be it admissible substitution variants or interpretations with respect to non-logical terms. In this second of the three connected studies devoted to the quantificational tradition the author set out to reconstruct the seminal contributions of Russell, Carnap, Tarski and Quine and evaluate them vis-à-vis some of the most pressing objections. This study also prepares the ground for his discussion of the standard model-theoretic account of consequence to be found in the concluding study.
6

DEDUCTION IN TIL: FROM SIMPLE TO RAMIFIED HIERARCHY OF TYPES

61%
Duží M.
Organon F. medzinárodný časopis pre analytickú filozofiu
|
2013
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vol. 20
|
issue suppl. 2
5 – 36
EN
Tichý’s Transparent Intensional Logic (TIL) is an overarching logical framework apt for the analysis of all sorts of discourse, whether colloquial, scientific, mathematical or logical. The theory is a procedural (as opposed to denotational) one, according to which the meaning of an expression is an abstract, extra-linguistic procedure detailing what operations to apply to what procedural constituents to arrive at the product (if any) of the procedure that is the object denoted by the expression. Such procedures are rigorously defined as TIL constructions. Though TIL analytical potential is very large, deduction in TIL has been rather neglected. Tichý defined a sequent calculus for pre-1988 TIL, that is TIL based on the simple theory of types. Since then no other attempt to define a proof calculus for TIL has been presented. The goal of this paper is to propose a generalization and adjustment of Tichý’s calculus to TIL 2010. First the author briefly recapitulates the rules of simple-typed calculus as presented by Tichý. Then she proposes the adjustments of the calculus so that it will be applicable to hyperintensions within the ramified hierarchy of types. TIL operates with a single procedural semantics for all kinds of logical-semantic context, be it extensional, intensional or hyperintensional. She shows that operating in a hyperintensional context is far from being technically trivial. Yet it is feasible. To this end we introduce a substitution method that operates on hyperintensions. It makes use of a four-place substitution function (called Sub) defined over hyperintensions.
7

CARNAP´S MODAL LOGIC 'C' (Carnapova modalni logika 'C')

61%
Puncochar V.
Organon F. medzinárodný časopis pre analytickú filozofiu
|
2010
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vol. 17
|
issue 2
163-184
EN
In this paper, author presents Carnap's modal logic C, which is one of the first attempts to use the concept of possible world (that of state description in the Carnapian original terminology) in shaping the semantics for modalities. Some older technical results, which concern the logic C, are summarized, namely two different kinds of axiomatization of C, one unusual characterization of C as the only set of formulae having one special property, and semantic and syntactical relations of C to S5. The fact that C is not closed under the universal substitution is shortly discussed. Finally, the predicate version of C, which is not axiomatizable, is defined.
8
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Retoryka erotyzmu w prozie Milana Kundery

61%
Skibska A. M.
Bohemistyka
|
2016
|
vol. 16
|
issue 1
19 - 50
EN
In the essay, I make an attempt to explore a question of style, derived from Nietzsche’s discourse devoted to a figure of woman. Re-written subsequently by Derrida, the discourse itself turns out to be organized around the convoluted rhetoric events which are to reveal and at the same time conceal the representation of woman in both languages: of philosophy and of literature. As is well known, Kundera’s novels and essays consist in a significant and sometimes ambivalent confrontation occurring between these two languages, which also result in feminine characters’ construction often subordinated to the dominant rhetoric of eroticism. Furthermore, this rhetoric determines the dualistic perspective regarding the lovers’ relationships, according to which the image of woman is considered on different levels (i.e. as a reduction to the bodily ego, or emotional drive acting between sex and sublimation, etc.), which, however, always refer to the figurative procedure of transformation.
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