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The role of metonymy in Czech word-formation

100%
Janda L. A.
Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
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2010
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vol. 71
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issue 4
260-274
EN
This article explores the role of metonymic semantic relationships in the derivation of words via suffixation in Czech. Most scholarly work on metonymy has focused on the use of one word to substitute for another word, as when we say redhead to refer to a whole person. A similar semantic relationship is present when we form a word like brichac 'person with a (big) belly' from the noun bricho 'belly'. However, scholarly work on word-formation has not explored these metonymic semantic relationships. This study analyzes a database of 562 types of suffixal formations in Czech, where each type represents a unique combination of metonymic relationship, word-class, and suffix. This analysis not only demonstrates parallels between substitutional and word-formational metonymy, but shows that the metonymic relationships in word-formation are more diverse than in substitution. Asymmetries in these relationships are also explored, showing for example that actions are generally more salient than the participants and the setting, and that parts are more salient than wholes. The design of this study can be extended to analyze the word-formation systems of other languages and thus facilitate cross-linguistic comparisons.
2

Sufix -ství v toponymii Čech

100%
Stepan P.
Naše řeč (Our Speech)
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2010
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vol. 93
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issue 2
71-83
EN
The article focuses on Bohemian minor place-names and place-names including lexical units derived using the suffix -stvi. In toponyms, the function of this suffix is different from a great majority of common nouns. The lexical units ending in -stvi found in toponyms refer to the property of a person or institution whose name serves as the source of derivation for these units. The most frequent names express the property relationship of the church and its representatives, the king and noblemen. It has been proven that the suffix -stvi can also be attached to personal names. Attention is also devoted to the geographic distribution of selected types of names.
3
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K problematice tvoření detoponymických adjektiv (na základě materiálu pomístních jmen z území Čech)

100%
Stepan P.
Naše řeč (Our Speech)
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2009
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vol. 92
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issue 4
196-213
EN
The paper, based on material consisting of minor place-names from the territory of Bohemia, provides an overview of the formation of adjectives from toponyms. A great deal of attention is devoted especially to the formation from reduced forms of toponyms, and - on the other hand - to the derivation by extended forms of the suffix -sky, i.e. -ovsky, -ansky, -ensky, -acky and -ecky. Although the absolute majority of detoponymic adjectives are formed using the suffix -sky (and its variants), also other suffixes - -ovy, -ny and -ni – are analysed in the article.
4
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Utvářenost slov vstupujících do pomístních jmen na Moravě a ve Slezsku

63%
Šlosar D.
Acta onomastica
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2010
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vol. 51
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issue 1
314-338
EN
Formation of Words Entering Moravian and Silesian Anoikonyms – Minor Place Names The article explores the formation of nouns and adjectives entering the anoikonyms of Moravia and Silesia. The presented survey is based exclusively on the headword-book containing 33 000 headwords, which was processed at the Department of Dialectology of the Academy of Science of the Czech Republic in Brno. It gives the word-formative forms of individual names according to the formants and the connectivity of the formants with the bases of certain parts of speech, possibly the connectivity of components in compounds. The geographical differentiation of the observed forms was not considered. The aim is to state how the respective wordformative forms participate in the resulting meaning of the anoikonyms.
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