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1

DIVERSIFICATION OF INCOME SOURCES AS A CHALLANGE IN THE POLICY OF DEVELOPMENT OF EUROPE'S RURAL AREAS

100%
Kaleta A.
Wieś i Rolnictwo
|
2004
|
issue 2(123)
98-107
EN
The processes of accession to the European Union, which are considered to be the most important instrument of the Polish rural community's adjustment to the requirements of functioning in the global and information society, lead, among other things, to the marginalisation of agriculture as the principal source of income for the majority of farmers' families. Therefore, a need arises to find a new place for them in the economy. This calls for the creation of many new jobs, especially in rural areas but outside agriculture, in the situation of a diminishing offer of full-time occupations. Unfortunately, the residents of rural areas - especially farmers, seem to be insufficiently prepared for efforts aiming to ensure them income from several different sources. This fact, combined with the present extremely difficult financial situation of the residents of rural areas and the high level of unemployment, is responsible for the gravely pessimistic assessment of not only their own prospects for the future but also the future of rural areas as the place of residence and work. However, the rural economic system has always been characterised by the presence of the processes of diversification of the rural population's income sources, and the last four decades of the 20th century have proved decisive for the strengthening of a multi-vocational model of economic activity conducted in Europe's rural areas. Such model is regarded to be the principal and necessary condition of their sustainable development.
2

AGRICULTURE IN A NET - ALTERNATIVE AGRO-FOOD NETWORKS (Rolnictwo w sieci - alternatywne sieci produkcji i dystrybucji zywnosci)

80%
Goszczynski W., Kniec W.
Wieś i Rolnictwo
|
2010
|
issue 2(147)
49-64
EN
The aim of this paper is to introduce the concept of Alternative Agro-Food Networks into Polish rural sociology. The authors try to analyze both the scientific and practical dimensions of the concept of food networks and their impact on the future of multifunctional, sustainable agriculture. The paper is focused on the reconnection of agriculture with local communities, on global processes and on opportunities and threats connected with alternative food production. The final part of the paper is devoted to a review of the first Polish experiences with emerging Alternative Agro-Food Networks.
3

ROLE OF ORGANIC FARMS IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL AREAS

80%
Runowski H.
Wieś i Rolnictwo
|
2004
|
issue 3(124)
24-37
EN
The intensive economic development has produced many negative ecological and social effects. This relates also to agriculture. Hence, it is necessary to alter the hitherto way of development of the economy and agriculture through the popularisation of the idea of sustainable development. From the point of view of ecological and social goals organic farming seems to fit perfectly into the concept of such development. However, organic farming may encounter in the future a development barrier stemming from its lower economic effectiveness in comparison with other types of farming. Thus, particularly good development prospects can be predicted for such type of farming which is characterised by high economic effectiveness and which, simultaneously, limits the scale of threats posed by agricultural activity to the natural environment. Such farming is referred to as integrated (or balanced) agriculture. Therefore, it can be concluded that organic farming is not going to become the dominating form of agricultural production although its scope and share in the market of agricultural products will be increasing steadily. All this suggests that a double-track development would be advisable for Poland's agriculture. On one hand, Poland ought to have farms characterised by high economic effectiveness and observing the principal rules of environmental protection and, on the other hand, it should ensure development to organic farms utilising the attributes of the country's natural and social-cultural environment, and producing food for the more demanding domestic and foreign consumers.
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