Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 6

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  SYMMETRY
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
1

Perceptual fluency, preference, and evolution

100%
Reber R., Schwarz N.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
|
2006
|
vol. 37
|
issue 1
16-22
EN
Preference for symmetry in ornaments or faces in different species may have evolved because symmetry indicated mate quality, leading to advantages in natural selection. Alternatively, symmetry preference may reflect sensory biases that evolved because of the need for signal recognition. If so, selection for signal recognition may have led to preferences for any perceptual features which are easy to perceive, such as symmetry, figure-ground contrast, and surface continuity. Consequently, the general underlying mechanism would be perceptual fluency, i.e. the phenomenal experience of ease of perception. Consistent with this assumption, human participants preferred vertical symmetry to asymmetry, continuous to discontinuous surfaces, and high over low figure-ground contrast in pairs of random shapes without any biological significance. Moreover, the preferred features were objectively and subjectively easier to perceive.
2

REJECTION OF FATALISM ABOUT THE PAST

100%
Yehezkel G.
Organon F. medzinárodný časopis pre analytickú filozofiu
|
2016
|
vol. 23
|
issue 4
525 – 538
EN
In this paper the author defends the rejection of fatalism about the past by showing that there are possible circumstances in which it would be rational to attempt to bring about by our decisions and actions a necessary and sufficient condition, other things being equal, for something which we see as favourable to have occurred in the past. The examples he puts forward are analogous to our attempts to bring about the occurrence of future events, and demonstrate the symmetry between the past and the future in this respect.
3

SYMETRIA A ASYMETRIA VO VZŤAHU SLABIKY A MORFÉMY V SLOVENČINE

88%
Sabol J., Ivančová L.
Slovenská reč (Slovak Language)
|
2014
|
vol. 79
|
issue 3-4
131 - 144
EN
A theoretical-methodological starting point of the study is the relation of symmetry and asymmetry of language-semiotic units initiating two central semiotic substances – iconic-symbolic (with the symmetry between form and content) and arbitrary (with the “inherited” symmetry but predominantly with the asymmetry between form and content) semiotic principle from which basic binary oppositions in the language system creating intersection sets (motivating character – absence of motivation, associativeness – linearity, paradigmatic – syntagmatic nature, simultaneity – successiveness, etc.) are derived. Based on statistical research, the relation between symmetry and asymmetry is studied at “the lowest” surface of the language structure, namely between the syllable, a complex phonic unit from the area of form, and the morpheme, the smallest semantic unit of the language system. The examined material (4924 syllables and 6113 morphemes and sub-morphemes in a continual text) has shown that in the contemporary Slovak there is about one quarter of syllables in the symmetric relation with the morphemes.
4
Content available remote

Superweniencja – pytanie o trywialność

88%
Brzostek B.
Avant
|
2011
|
vol. 2
|
issue 2
215-224
EN
When it comes to the mind-body problem, different kinds of physicalism were the most popular approaches among philosophers. The presence of anomalous monism with its lack of (the) laws concerning mental events and multiple realizability led to a doubt regarding reductionism and a slow movement away from it. It did not, however, weaken the popularity of physicalism. Thus, the problem that had to be faced was to create such a form of physicalism that would reject the reduction of what was mental to what was physical. No difference of one sort without a difference of another sort is a slogan that expresses the idea of supervenience, the idea that according to many philosophers was supposed to be the right expression of physicalism of this particular type. The text briefly presents the intuitions that are hidden behind the notion of supervenience and its main varieties: weak, strong and global. Moreover, the text touches upon the fault of supervenience which was observed in its symmetry and, most of all, in its triviality. This type of fault would force the philosophers to admit that this relation is metaphysically irrelevant
5

SÚ POJMY “DOSTATOČNÁ PODMIENKA A NUTNÁ PODMIENKA” PRE EMPIRICKÚ OBLASŤ SYMETRICKÉ?

75%
Gahér F.
Organon F. medzinárodný časopis pre analytickú filozofiu
|
2011
|
vol. 18
|
issue 3
331 – 350
EN
The Expression sufficient condition and necessary condition are frequently used in various areas in sciences (like mathematics, logic, philosophy, natural sciences and social sciences) as well as in everyday usage; therefore, they might be taken as expressing well defined notions which should not lead to any serious misunderstandings when used. According to the widely accepted definitions of both concepts, the concept of sufficient condition and that of necessary condition imply their symmetry (conversion): if one thing poses a sufficient condition to another thing, the latter is a necessary condition for the former; however, this symmetry is hardly intuitive and it is refused by many scholars. Given the analyses of practical examples and a symmetry concept defence test, one may conclude that this view is unfounded. As a result, the definitions of the two notions are not determined enough and so is the question whether there is just a single pair of the notions or whether there are more of them.
6

FYZIKA A NATURALISTICKÁ FILOZOFIA: FYZIKÁLNE A FILOZOFICKÉ ASPEKTY KALIBRAČNÉHO PRINCÍPU

75%
Maco R.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2022
|
vol. 77
|
issue 9
694 – 710
EN
In the introductory part of the paper, we outline the position of the philosophy of physics in the context of naturalistic theoretical philosophy. The main message here is an appeal for understanding philosophy as an integral part of the scientific investigation of the world. In the following sections, we identify three central aspects of contemporary fundamental physics, knowledge of which is essential for philosophical reflection on physics. This is followed by an explanation of one of these aspects, which is the gauge principle. Based on classical electrodynamics, we explain with the help of a relatively modest mathematical apparatus the key idea of gauge symmetry, as it appears in the core theories of the standard model of elementary particles. In the final part, we point out the philosophical relevance of the gauge principle, especially within the current debates between substance- and structure-oriented philosophies of physics.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.