Search results - CEJSH

1

Kościoły w Polsce w okresie niemieckiej okupacji 1939–1945

100%

Kiec O.

Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne

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2016

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issue 10

EN

Poland and Polish nationalism are widely identified with Catholicism. However, the population of the Polish state was not homogenous ethnically and religiously – in 1921 the number of ethnic/confessional minorities reached the high level of over 30 percent. The Second World War was a fundamental change in Polish history – the new people’s republic, formed after 1945, has been a totally different state from the Second Republic of Poland, which existed 1918–1939. Unfortunately, very little is known about the impact of Churches (Catholic, Protestant, Orthodox) in shaping the Polish, Ukrainian, Belorussian and German nationalisms during the wartime as well as the attitudes of clergymen towards the German occupants.

2

Interpretation in the Supreme National Tribunal in Poland (1946‑1948)

93%

Tryuk M.

Między Oryginałem a Przekładem

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2014

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vol. 24

en

EN

This article presents the work of interpreters in the trials before the National Supreme Tribunal established in Poland in 1946 to judge Nazi criminals after the Second World War. Based on archival sources of the Institute of National Remembrance – Commission for the Prosecution of Crimes against the Polish Nation, it presents for the first time the identities of the interpreters recruited for this unique tribunal in the history of the Polish judicial system as well as for the practice of conference and court interpreting in Poland. It examines the interpreting practices during seven multilingual and multicultural trials, where simultaneous interpreting was applied for the first time, and discusses the issues of trust and control over the interpreters involved in war crimes tribunals.

3

Různé války v evropském veřejném prostoru

93%

Vávrová T.

Historie – Otázky – Problémy (History, Issues, Problems)

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2018

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vol. 10

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issue 1

60-72

EN

Different recollections of World War II are typical of every European country. To answer the question what kind of place has this war in the memory of several European countries and Russia, a civil society activist together with university experts decided to investigate. This is based on an analysis of the narratives presented in the current history textbooks. Comparisons of these dominant narratives about the war were then put in the form of an exhibition called Different Wars. The exhibition has been staged since autumn 2015 in European and Russian cities and it has been perceived very differently. This analysis not only of the national stories of the Second World War, but also of the reaction of society to such questions about its past in public space, bears witness to the remembrance of European countries.

4

Imperium Słowiańskie. Konfederacki projekt powojennej jedności Europy Środkowej

93%

Grott O.

Wschodnioznawstwo

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2017

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issue 11

205-217

EN

The Confederation of the Nation, the ideological continuation of the National Radical Camp Falanga during the Second World War, created a concept for the post-war order in Central Europe which would be guaranteed by a new geo-political construct – the Slavic Empire – with borders defined by the three seas: the Baltic, the Black and the Adriatic. Poland, with its Western borders significantly expanded compared to the pre-war period and in union with Lithuania, Slovakia and the Czech Republic, would take the lead of the proposed block. Despite the name of the proposed supernation, the Baltic countries as well as Romania and Hungary were welcome to participate in shaping the new future. The Confederates did not see any other option for either Poland or any other countries of the Intermarium. The leader of the Confederation of the Nation Bolesław Piasecki wrote: „No other choice remains, as either we, as the culturally paramount nation among the Slavs, take up and implement the idea of designing the geo-political Slavic bloc, or the Poles and all Slavs fall into a civilizational abyss, becoming slaves to foreign forces and their own unawareness. (…) If our iron will is lacking, it is easy to imagine Europe without Poland and the rest of Slavs as actors of history”.

5

Recenzja: Die Lungenheilkunde im Nationalsozialismus, Hrsg. Robert Loddenkemper, Nikolaus Konietzko, Vera Seehausen, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin, Berlin 2018, ss. 307, il., ISBN 978-3-9817734-3-9

93%

Magowska A.

Acta Medicorum Polonorum

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2018

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vol. 8

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issue 1

96-98

PL

Recenzja

EN

Review

6

Skiing, Mountaineering and Mountain Tourism Practiced by the Soldiers of the Polish 2nd Rifle Division during the Internment in Switzerland between 1940–1945

93%

Rak L.

Prace Naukowe Akademii im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie Kultura Fizyczna

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2016

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vol. 15

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issue 4

121-131

PL

Celem pracy było opisanie aktywności fizycznej żołnierzy 2 Dywizji Strzelców Pieszych w zakresie uprawiania narciarstwa, alpinizmu i turystyki górskiej podczas ich internowania w Szwajcarii w latach 1940–1945. Dokonano analizy następujących materiałów źródłowych: źródeł archiwalnych, wydawanego przez internowanych żołnierzy pisma „Goniec Obozowy”, wspomnień internowanych żołnierzy oraz literatury. Druga Dywizja Strzelców Pieszych była formowana we Francji od listopada 1939 r. W czerwcu 1940 r. została skierowana, w składzie 45 Korpusu 8 Armii Francuskiej, do walki z armią niemiecką. Po ciężkich walkach w okolicach miasta Belfort i po wyczerpaniu amunicji, większość żołnierzy dywizji przekroczyła granicę szwajcarską i została internowana. W czasie internowania żołnierze polscy byli zatrudniani do wielu rodzajów prac. Mieli również możliwość kontynuowania nauki, rozpoczętej przed wybuchem II wojny światowej, w wyznaczonych obozach internowana. W czasie wolnym żołnierze podejmowali różne rodzaje aktywności fizycznej. Popularne było uprawianie narciarstwa oraz tenisa stołowego. Uprawiano również turystykę górską oraz alpinizm, osiągając w tym zakresie znaczne sukcesy. Polscy żołnierze-sportowcy uzyskali znaczącą pomoc od Young Mens Christian Association, dzięki której pozyskiwano sprzęt sportowy. Pomimo trudnych warunków, w jakich przebywali internowani polscy żołnierze w Szwajcarii w latach 1940–1945, w czasie wolnym czynnie uprawiali oni narciarstwo, alpinizm i turystykę górską.

EN

The aim of the study was to describe physical activity of Polish soldiers in the field of skiing, mountaineering and mountain tourism during their internment in Switzerland between 1940–1945. Method of research. The following source materials were analysed: archival sources, the papers of the “Goniec Obozowy” [“The Camp Messenger”] published by the interned soldiers, relations of the interned soldiers and literature. Results. The Polish 2nd Rifle Division was formed in France from November 1939 until May 1940. In June 1940, the division, as a part of the 45th Corps of the 8th French Army, was sent into battle against the German Army near the Belfort district. After running out of ammunition in the exhausting battle, most of the soldiers of the division managed to break through to Switzerland, where they were interned. During the internment the soldiers were engaged to do many different kinds of work. In designated internment camps, they were allowed to continue their education which they began before the outbreak of the Second World War. In their free time, soldier took up different kinds of physical activity. The most popular were skiing and table tennis. Mountain tourism and mountaineering were common as well and Polish soldiers were quite successful in that field. Polish soldiers gained significant support from the Young Men's Christian Association, which provided them with sports equipment. Conclusion. Despite difficult living condition, Polish soldiers interned in Switzerland in the years 1940–1945, they went in for skiing, mountaineering and mountain touring.

7

Recenzja: Tuberculosis and War. Lessons Learned from World War II, eds. John F. Murray, Rober Loddenkemper, Progress in Respiratory Research Vol. 43, Series Editor Felix J. F. Herth. KARGER Basel 2018, ss. 232, il., ISSN 1422-2140, eISSN 1662-3932, ISBN 978-3-318-06094—2, e-ISSN 978-3-318-06095-9

93%

Magowska A.

Acta Medicorum Polonorum

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2018

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vol. 8

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issue 1

99-100

PL

Recenzja

EN

Review

8

Koncepcje geopolityczne obozu narodowego w latach II wojny światowej

93%

Grott B.

Wschodnioznawstwo

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2017

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issue 11

173-191

PL

The Second World War and the anticipated victory over the Third Reich, together with the significant weakening of the USSR, became in Poland the reason for developing various new geopolitical concepts and plans for reshaping Poland’s previous borders. The menace of a new aggression from both of Poland’s powerful neighbours in the process to rebuild their previous positions of power brought forward the idea of a federation of middle-Eastern Europe countries (the so-called „Intermarium”) and a future creation of a sufficient barrier against possible aggressors. In Poland these issues were broadly discussed by the nationalistic fractions such as the National Party, the Confederation of the Nation, the Szaniec Group and the „Fatherland” Organisation. The latter two were especially productive in this area. There was a general agreement in the nationalist movement regarding the necessity to move Poland’s borders to the lower Oder and the Lusatian Neisse. Some concepts reached even further, planning the creation of a Lusatian Coutry or indeed the reslavisation of Mecklenburg. Especially active in this regard was Professor Karol Stojanowski, the leader of the People’s National Military Organisation and the author of brochures propagating ideas such as „The West Slavic Country” and „The Reslavisation of Eastern Germany”. A very interesting concept of the „Great Nation” was presented by an endecian ideologist Adam Doboszyński in a brochure of the same title, in which Doboszyński propagated not only the federation of the „Intermarium” countries, but also predicted a gradual merging of these nations into a single „Great Nation” and even the eventual development of a common language.

9

Moje wspomnienia o Rudolfie Weiglu (1883-1957)

93%

Gaertner H.

Acta Medicorum Polonorum

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2016

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vol. 6

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issue 2

89-91

PL

Krótkie wspomnienie przedstawia nieznane epizody z życia Rudolfa Weigla we Lwowie i Krakowie, szczególnie jego przyjaźń z autorem. Autor opisuje także swoje losy podczas okupacji hitlerowskiej.

EN

This short reminescence presents unknown episodes from Rudolf Weigl’s life in Lviv and Cracow, especially his friendship with the author. The author describes his own experiences during the Second World War as well.

10

Melchiora Wańkowicza dwa odmienne spojrzenia na Rosję

93%

Malcer-Zakrzacka A.

Jednak Książki. Gdańskie Czasopismo Humanistyczne

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2016

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issue 5 "Reportaż literacki. Pogranicza"

67-86

EN

Melchior Wańkowicz in reportages on Russia is about two non-fiction reportages about Russia: one written before the Second World War called Opierzona rewolucja and the other written during the war called Dzieje rodziny Korzeniewskich. There are two different, ambivalent views on communist system. The first one seems to be apologetic and appreciative for this, in writer's opinion, successful country and its people after communist revolution. Dzieje rodziny Korzeniewskich written in 1942, edited in English in New York in 1945 was one of the world's first non-fiction reportages which gives a report from Russian communist crime on Polish society exiled on northern and southern parts of Russia during the Second World War.

11

Die Genauigkeit des Erinnerns: Die Reise nach Pommern von Christian Graf von Krockow

93%

Pastuszka A.

Lublin Studies in Modern Languages and Literature

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2009

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issue 33

64-77

EN

The article deals with various forms and strategies of remembering the past. Krockow’s book, which is an important voice in German discourse on remembering the lost motherland, belongs to the current of non-fiction and the literature of memory. The author deliberately mixes styles and genres: a loose tale about the olden days, a historical essay, family history, personal recollections and an account of a journey. The description of Pomerania as a littleknown province of the former German East, presented from the historical and sociological perspective, is far from nostalgic as it offers a critical look at the most recent history of Germany. The reconstruction of the history of the region as well as the mentality of its inhabitants constitutes the author’s personal method of coming to terms with the German ideology which led to the Second World War, expulsion and the loss of the motherland.

93%

Gulay V., Dmytryshyn N.

Historia i Polityka

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2020

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issue 32 (39)

EN

The purpose of this article is to analyze the causes, nature and consequences of the Ukrainian-Polish-Jewish conflict-confrontational interaction in the Lviv, Stanislav and Ternopil Voivodeships in the autumn of 1939 under the conditions of planting the Stalinist totalitarian regime. It also characterizes the degree and nature of mutual aggressiveness among the part of the active national-political and socially oriented Ukrainian and Polish population of Western Ukraine in the context of the expansion of German aggression against the Second Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. It indicates the ideological and propaganda principles for the preparation of the Red Army’s entry into Lviv, Stanislav and Ternopil Voivodeships of Poland on September 17, 1939. The main models of the attitude to the Soviet authorities of the various national communities of Eastern Galicia in the autumn of 1939 are described. Furthermore, the size of the armed struggle between Ukrainians and Poles in the conditions of the collapse of the Polish state and the preparation of the Red Army’s entry into Western Ukraine are shown, as well as the specific propaganda-manipulative instruments of the influence of Stalin’s totalitarian regime on the population of the Western Ukrainian region in the process of its inclusion in the USSR. The paper also indicates the consequences of destructive information-psychological diktat on the public consciousness and historical memory of the Ukrainian, Polish and Jewish population of the former Lviv, Stanislav and Ternopil Voivodeships of pre-war Poland.

19

Počátky spolupráce Československa a Polska při repatriaci svých občanů po druhé světové válce (do uzavření repatriační smlouvy)

81%

Friedl J.

Slovanský přehled: historická revue pro dějiny střední, východní a jihovýchodní Evropy (Slavonic Review: Review for Central, Eastern and Southeastern European history)

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2013

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vol. 99

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issue 3-4

297-321

EN

The subject of cooperation between Czechoslovakia and Poland in the repatriation of their citizens had heretofore remained marginal to the interest of historians. Yet at the same time there exist a great number of archival sources relating to this topic. In this study the author mainly made use of documents from the national Archives in Prague and the Archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic, but the Polish archives are no less richly endowed. In the Central Archives of Modern Records in Warsaw it is possible to study materials from the State Office of Repatriation, and reports from the Polish diplomatic representation are available at the Archive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Poland. On the basis of these sources, and with reference to findings from relevant scholarly literature that has been previously published, the author endeavors to present to readers the first months of Czechoslovak-Polish cooperation in the repatriation process and to analyze in detail the problems that both states had to cope with in organizing this migration. His narrative ends with the signing of the repatriation treaty between Czechoslovakia and Poland in September, 1945, which commences the next phase in cooperation on population transfers between both states.

20

Das Bild des Bischofs Carl Maria Splett im historischen Gedächtnis in Polen und in Deutschland

81%

Aleksandra K.-P.

Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem

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2014

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vol. 36

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issue 1

23 - 34

EN

Over the years the opinions about Bishop Carl Maria Splett have varied; the bishop has been surrounded by a lot of controversy. The conduct of the Bishop of Gdańsk during the Second World War is far from unequivocal. Everything depends on the point of view. In her brief article the author examines the evolution of the historical memory of Bishop Carl Maria Splett and its transformations over the years in Poland and Germany. The memory of Bishop Splett has evolved differently in both these countries. Before 1989 he was seen in Poland as an enemy of Polishness and a Hakatist. After the political transformations in the early 1990s he began to be viewed in a more positive light. In Germany, on the other hand, the historical memory of Bishop Splett was and still is very positive. However, in the 1960s and 1970s the image of Bishop Splett was more apologetic than it is now. To sum up, it could be said that today the image of Bishop Carl Maria Splett in the historical memory in Poland and Germany has become very homogeneous.

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