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EN
This paper examines the impact of changes in shareholder structure on managerial turnover in Polish public companies. The turnover rate for the members of management boards has significantly increased following the changes in ownership structure. The disciplining action of corporate control market on top executives is weaker during the less active period of takeover activity due to economic downturns. In such periods companies' boards do not undertake too radical personnel decisions, as it may be too risky and does not guarantee improvement in economic performance of the company.
EN
State aid in the hard coal mining industry reflects the long-term EU policy on balanced support for adaptation and restructuring processes in this sector. The greatest beneficiaries of the restructuring aid in 2002-2010 were mines in Germany, Spain, Poland, France and Romania. The reform of the coal sector in Poland to 2003 was characterized by poor effectiveness due to the recurring problem of rising debt, fear of political consequences and strong industry lobbies. Improvement of a technological innovation degree in Polish mines implies the need to provide increased funds for research and development, training employees and environmental protection. This will ensure more effective management of change, transforming coal mines in modern and profitable companies.
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