Search results

1

A local crisis as a specific part of the global one: the case of Siberia

100%

Jakobson A.

Prace Komisji Geografii Przemysłu Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego

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2011

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vol. 17

33-37

EN

Any global phenomenon manifests itself differently in various countries and regions. Our idea is that for Russia the global crisis can be considered as the third phase of the long-term national socio-economic crisis, and for the important part of Russia, Siberia, even as the fourth phase.These phases are:• First, the crisis of economy, of ideology, of social relationships and of political system stemming from the Soviet times, having brought the crush of the state, some problems of which have been still unsolved;• Second, the crisis of the 90s, born from this crash and economic reforms, including the very crush of the integral country, very painful for common people, poverty, together with social pessimism and passiveness of people who were robbed by the hyperinflation and stagnation of the sectors, such as science and education, that had never been backward in the Soviet times and could perhaps serve as growth points for the new economy, if used and stimulated properly.• Third, specifically Siberian, extensive out-migration and depopulation, in the conditions when state economic policy is influenced by ultra-liberalism denying any state regulation, together with power hyper-centralization, which both tendencies, paradoxically united, lead automatically to concentration of everything in wealthy Moscow.• Fourth, the very global crisis itself

2

Siberian regional policy: the past and modern problems

100%

Blinov I.

Prace Komisji Geografii Przemysłu Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego

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2012

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vol. 19

126-129

EN

The regional development of Siberia faces some difficulties nowadays and they are thought to be the result of historical development. According to American authors, Clifford Gaddy and Fiona Hill (“The Siberian Curse”), as well as some Russian scientists, such problems stem from the period of Soviet abusive colonization of Siberia, or even earlier – from the period of monarchy. But it is essentially hard to realize the situation of Siberia from the perspective of Moscow, let alone from abroad. It is also difficult to imagine the huge differences in territorial proportions, contrasts in Siberian regions, and distances between cities. So it is not acceptable to use non-geographical, dot methods in solving regional problems of Siberia. In fact, the regional problems are very complicated and multilateral, and we should study them with an open mind. Development of Siberia, the Eastern and Northern territories, was not something special in Soviet times. It was based on the whole country large-scale development plans and strategic objectives

3

Measuring and ranking the innovative potential of cities

80%

Jakobson A.

Prace Komisji Geografii Przemysłu Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego

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2012

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vol. 19

55-60

EN

The ranking of cities according to their individual intellectual (innovative, organizational, creative, central, etc.) potential is actual and important for geographic studies in the epoch of post--industrialization. The results of such ranking can be applied in various aspects and directions of regional policy.The very idea of such ranking seems to have been first formulated in France in the early 1960s. The research concerned was aimed at solving the problem of hyper-centralization in that country through forming ‘metropoles d’equilibre’ in the periphery, to counterbalance Paris. The task was to find the French cities which were ready to fulfill this role. Later, we have used this idea to rank Siberian cities as to their administrative potential. The important innovation in methodology was introduction of a principally new index, crucial just for Siberia (although maybe less important in Europe). This index is the distance from the nearest comparable or obviously more significant city

4

Rahvaluule osakonna Siberi kaastoolise Rosalie Ottessoni ja teadurite-arhivaaride dialoog aastatel 1969–1976

80%

Korb A.

Mäetagused

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2013

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vol. 54

7-26

EN

The author discusses the contributions of Rosalie Ottesson, a Siberian correspondent of the Estonian Folklore Archives, proceeding from the time of collecting and the practices of collecting work supervision at the time. R. Ottesson came from a traditional village community. As an active woman she held several positions during her working life: she was a schoolteacher, a clerk in the village soviet, worked in the District Committee of the Communist Party, etc. Rosalie Ottesson started making contributions to the archives after her retirement, having met Igor Tõnurist, who visited the Estonian settlements in the Minusinsky District of Krasnoyarsk Krai. The article discusses Ottesson’s recordings proceeding from the impacts of the Soviet period – its social and political circumstances – on collecting. The collected material makes it possible to observe what it was that Ottesson herself considered worth preserving, and also to notice how her personal background (origin, positions) influenced the lore. In addition, the letters sent to the correspondent from the museum make it possible to analyse the collecting strategies of the Department of Folkloristics at the time, as well as the researchers’ approaches inspired by their research interests.

5

An Icon from the Orthodox Church in Tatаurоvо (Eastern Siberia)

80%

Panasiuk J.

Colloquia Humanistica

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2017

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issue 6

EN

An Icon from the Orthodox Church in Tatаurоvо (Eastern Siberia)In the Orthodox church in Tataurovo (Татаỳрово), a settlement in Eastern Siberia, consecrated in 2013, there is a noncanonical old icon with features of eastern and western painting. Ikona z cerkwi prawosławnej z Tataurowa (wschodnia Syberia)W miejscowości Tataurowo (Татаỳрово), znajdującej się we wschodniej Syberii, w prawosławnej cerkwi konsekrowanej w 2013 roku znajduje się niekanoniczna stara ikona nosząca cechy zarówno wschodniego, jak i zachodniego malarstwa.

6

Historia życia i działalności Benedykta Dybowskiego – wielkiego zoologa, lekarza, antropologa, działacza niepodległościowego, zesłańca syberyjskiego

80%

Garbula J. M.

Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski

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2019

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vol. 2

77-88

EN

This article is dedicated to Benedykt Dybowski, his patriotic, social and professional life, first at university, and then in exile, working in Kamchatka. The references for this review consist of archived documents such as scientific dissertations and diaries authored by Dybowski, and articles and books written about him. This article is an attempt to show Dybowski’s outstanding scientific output and, above all, his understanding of patriotic and national duties, as a Pole fighting for his country’s independence and as a deportee to Siberia.

7

Проведение репатриации польских военнопленных в Минусинском уезде Енисейской губернии в 1921 г.

80%

OPŁAKANSKA R.

Historia i Świat

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2015

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issue 4

337-344

EN

The article deals with the issue of repatriation of prisoners of war of the 5-th Polish rifle Division in the Minusinsk's County of the Yenisejsk`s province in the early 1920 's. After the conclusion of the of Riga peace treaty between Poland and Soviet Russia the repatriation procedure was started. At that time in the Minusinsk's County was 418 prisoners of war. There were prisoners of the Austro-Hungarian and German armies and the former lieges of the Russian Empire. Natives of the Russian Empire accounted for one third group of Polish prisoners of war, but among them were many representatives of the nobility, as well as persons who have received education before the war. The Prisoners of war were part of labour brigades in the Yeniseijsk`s province which were sent to the logging and working industrial enterprises. All of the prisoners of war were to be registered. Special Commission including the Soviet leaders of Polish origin, dedicated to setting of Polish nationality to persons who had no documents. During the registration, some of the prisoners of war were persecuted by the Cheka. The arrested prisoners were charged with voluntary service for Kolchak, counter-revolutionary propaganda. It was a violation of the Agreement of the repatriation between Poland and Soviet Russia. After the repatriation a small group of Polish prisoners of war remained to Minusinsk`s County.

8

PAŃSTWO I GRANICE ETNICZNE W POŁUDNIOWO-WSCHODNIEJ SYBERII

71%

Szmyt Z.

Porównania

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2018

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vol. 22

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issue 1

359-382

EN

This paper looks at the long-term process of making and shifting ethnic boundaries in Siberia. I focused on the interdependence of the state, border and ethnicity. During the colonisation of Siberia, the state border functioned as a shifting frontier. The border effect touched mostly indigenous people by keeping them in the radius of a tribute collection system. Later on a system of administrative clans was developed. The Soviet Union brought into the world a quasi-state structure of territorial autonomy for indigenous people and produced modern ethnic elites. Since the 1990s ethnicity has been a key political category and the process of negotiating ethnic boundaries.

PL

Artykuł poświęcony jest procesom formowania i przesuwania granic etnicznych na Syberii. Uwagę zwróciłem na relacje zachodzące pomiędzy państwem, granicą państwową a etnicznością. Podczas kolonizacji Syberii granica była ruchoma i nielinearna. Formował ją system poboru podatków od rdzennych mieszkańców. System kolonialny wytworzył następnie rody i plemiona administracyjne, które posłużyły za bazę dla późniejszych podziałów etnicznych. W ZSRR utworzono system terytorialnych autonomii dla syberyjskich mniejszości, a etniczność uległa etatyzacji. Od lat dziewięćdziesiątych XX w. etniczność stanowi kluczowy element życia politycznego w regionie, a granice grupowe są nieustannie negocjowane.

9

Vec, fotografia a socializmus: príbeh koberca

70%

Panáková J.

Národopisná revue (Journal of Ethnology)

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2014

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vol. 24

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issue 1

46 - 59

EN

The way of our viewing fulfils every political, economic, and social concept with certain audiovisual materials, rules, and canons of imagination as well as with visual style and aesthetics. Socialism offers plentiful examples how the convention of “good manners” penetrated into photographic viewing. One of them is the series of domestic group or individual portrays in front of a “Persian” carpet hanging on the wall. This carpet stands for the all-including identity of Soviet citizen, socialistic wealth, cosy socialistic dwelling, and constitutes a frequent element of domestic Soviet photographs. While the foreground changed according to one leader replacing the other one and alongside the politicians, also the giant agitating mosaics or tapestries intended for exterior or interior changed, the carpet remained unchanged. Even though this convention is suppressed by another one in Moscow or Petersburg, and “sovok” – the culture of socialistic households and everyday life - is understood as a negative one, this convention is still surviving in Siberia. The question is why the people still insist on being photographed in front of the carpet. This study introduces an in-depth analysis of the origin, development, and transformations of this specific visual practice. We will show how the socialistic Alltagswelt and the idea of a right Soviet citizen were interconnected with a peculiar way of (photographic) viewing and how this visionary project failed while the visual one is still living.

10

Siberi eestlaste kohanemisest ja sulandumisest parimusainese pohjal

70%

Korb A.

Mäetagused

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2012

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vol. 50

47-70

EN

Migration researchers in different countries have noticed that while first-generation immigrants tend to remain loyal to the culture of their birth country, for the succeeding generations the scales are shifting in favour of the new country of residence. Here, the attitudes of the representatives of the minority culture towards the ethnic culture and the minority policy of the new country of residence play an important role. The article presents an analysis, based on folklore material collected during the past few decades, of the adaptation and acculturation of the descendants of the Estonians who migrated to Siberia over a century ago, in their new homeland. The analysed material proceeds from the cultural and language contacts of Estonians. In any conflict of cultures, both the individual and the lore group as a whole employ their own cultural insignia in their attempts to conceptualize the other party. Narrative plots, minor forms of folklore, song tunes, and other types of lore easily transcend language and political boundaries; at the same time, folklore remains an important factor of ethnic self-identification in a multicultural environment. Siberian Estonians communicated in their native tongue within their lore group; also, the tradition was initially spread in the Estonian language. Adaptation in a new place of residence is about accepting the new environment in one’s life and, among other things, about encompassing new cultural elements. Transforming a foreign place into one’s own is facilitated by telling stories about the first settlers in the new homeland or explaining the origin of local toponyms. Living within a cross-cultural contact area often results in the construction of multiple national identities or a change in identity, and it has been known to inspire folk tales. Next to Lutheran peoples (Finns, Germans, Latvians), who were regarded as “own”, and Russians, the contacts of Siberian Estonians with other neighbouring peoples gradually intensified. The “others” with their different customs and traditions were noticed and judged according to own established standards. Once the Estonians became better acquainted with these “others”, various proverbial phrases, language-based humour, and other types of folklore began to emerge. As the Estonians had the closest contacts with their Russian-speaking neighbours, the Russian language became the source for the majority of language jokes. The Estonians living in multiethnic villages were quicker to adopt foreign traditions, with mixed marriages being a contributing factor. Quite a telling sign is also the fact that Estonians in Siberia today tend to refer to themselves as siberlane, or ‘Siberian’.

11

Juurte juurde ja tagasi. Siberist remigreerunud eestlaste kodupaigakulastused kui naide sekulaarsest palverannust

70%

Jurgenson A., Niglas L.

Mäetagused

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2013

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vol. 54

27-66

EN

Ethnologists have been studying how people visit their former homelands mainly because of the semantic importance of the notions home, homelessness, nostalgia, roots and identity. Over the years, hundreds of people have moved to Estonia from Upper Suetuk, the village that was established by Estonian immigrants in southern Siberia in the 1850s. The former villagers visit Upper Suetuk frequently because the village identity and villagers’ solidarity have traditionally been strong in Siberia. The highlights of these visits are celebrations of St. John’s Day, on July 6 and 7, when the anniversary of the village is also celebrated. The aim of this article is to analyse a two-week trip to Upper Suetuk in summer 2010 by a group of people originating from the village. The authors present the trip to the former home village as a pilgrimage and analyse it by applying Victor Turner’s model of rite of passage. While collecting data for the research, the authors relied substantially on video camera as a methodological tool, in addition to participant observation and interviewing. The main focus of the analyses lies on the liminal phase of the trip, when the individuals find themselves withdrawn from normal modes of social action. The authors concentrate on the group’s behaviour (communitas) in the state of anti-structure, as well as on emotional and sensory aspects of this liminal phase of the trip. One of the most important notions here is the sense of freedom: many members of the group experienced it during the trip in Siberia, knowing that it cannot be transported back home. The authors show how the codes of language and behaviour keep changing during the trip; what significance the landscapes, buildings, special places and objects have for the people visiting the village after years of absence; how memories and sensory perception contribute to the emotional and embodied experience of the visitors. The trip to the former home village on St. John’s Day is a good indicator of the interaction between the present and former villagers and it can be useful for analysing the identity of both groups. The reason why people go for a pilgrimage – be it the real one or the quasi-pilgrimage as in this case – is to gain blessing, health, harmony and freedom. This paper is an attempt to demonstrate that pilgrimage-like trips can be undertaken also with an aim to go back to the roots or to the place of origin, in order to reinforce one’s identity. By visiting the former homeland, “the pilgrims” blend their two separate and somewhat partial identities into a single, coherent one.

12

Ethnopolitics as Co-operation and Coexistence: The Case- Study of the Jewish Autonomous Region in Siberia

70%

Vitale A.

Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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2015

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issue 1(31/2)

123-142

EN

It would be a mistake to assume that ethnopolitics is only a matter of confrontation between different ethnic groups. On the contrary, there is a range of examples where it is pursued in a spirit of compromise and co‑operation. One of them is the case of the Jewish Autonomous Region of Birobidzhan, in Post‑Soviet Russia. Often ethnic groups realize that co‑operation and cultural coexistence are more profitable than conflict. Beginning in 1928 the Soviet Union set aside a territory the size of Belgium for Jewish settlement, located some five thousands miles east of Moscow along the Soviet‑Chinese border. Believing that Soviet Jewish people, like other national minorities, deserved a territorial homeland, the regime decided to settle an enclave that would become the Jewish Autonomous Region in 1934. In fact, the establishment of the JAR was the first instance of an officially acknowledged Jewish national territory since ancient times. But the history of the Region was tragic and the experiment failed dismally. Nevertheless, Birobidzhan’s renewed existence of today is not only a curious legacy of Soviet national policy, but after the break‑up of the Soviet Union and the definite religious rebirth, represents an interesting case‑study in respect to interethnic relations.

13

Generał brygady Kazimierz Rumsza – z armii carskiej do polskiej

70%

Radziwiłłowicz D.

Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski

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2020

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vol. 1

105-121

EN

Since its inception, the 5th Siberian Rifle Division was led by Colonel [płk.] Rumsza who operated under the orders of Colonel [płk.] Czuma, the commander of Polish forces in Siberia. In the light of the examined documents, Colonel Kazimierz Rumsza appears to be a man with two faces. On the one hand, he was an excellent commander, proving his worth in the extreme war conditions. On the other, a violent officer who humiliated his personnel and got involved in shady financial ventures. He was never proven guilty of embezzlement. However, his very presence in the group of suspects stigmatised him among the officers. He won back some favour after the lost September Campaign. During World War II, Rumsza did not play any significant role in the Polish Armed Forces. After demobilisation, he settled down in London. On 1 January 1964, he was promoted to the rank of brigadier general [gen. brygady]. Kazimierz Rumsza died on 28 January 1970.

14

Историография истории предпринимательства в дореволюционной Сибири

70%

Goncharov Y., Klimova O.

Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski

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2020

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vol. 1

59-67

EN

The article is devoted to the history of entrepreneurship in Siberia of early 19th – early 20th century. Historiography of entrepreneurial activity in the largest region of Russia is poorly studied. The theoretical basis of the article is the theory of modernization. The main method of research is historiographical analysis. The article is based on the study of a wide range of scientific literature on the history of entrepreneurship in Siberia. The paper highlights the periods of study of entrepreneurship, the main approaches, research problems. As a result of the study, the authors come to the conclusion that nowadays there are both a large number of publications and genre diversity, and an increase in the source base of the breadth of research problems, the search for new methodological approaches. As a result of the work done, historians managed to accumulate a large amount of factual material, study the history of entrepreneurship in the region, cover almost all aspects of the life of Siberian entrepreneurs.

15

ALTAI REPUBLIC AS A TOURIST DESTINATION. REASONS OF LOW INTEREST

70%

Baworowski Ł., URBANIAK A. M.

Studia Periegetica

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2013

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vol. 9

61-74

EN

The aim of this article is to show the greatest tourist attractions of the siberian Altai Republic and to show the reasons why tourists are not as interested in visiting this region as they should be because of its unique heritage. To create this article authors used information gathered during the stay in Altai Republic in summer 2011 from interviews and observations. They also found some important information in a couple of publications (written mostly in Russian) and also data and statistics available in the Internet. To evaluate the attractiveness of the studied area for tourists analysis of opportunities, threats, strengths and weaknesses (SWOT) was used. The results of SWOT analysis shows that the Altai Republic could be a very popular tourist destination due to its natural and cultural values (f.ex. the highest Siberian mountain, ancient tombs and petroglyphs). It is not that popular because of some reasons among which the most important are: difficult accessibility of the region, decades of neglect in transport infrastructure and accommodation facilities at the time of the Soviet Union and low level of dissemination of attractions on the international forum. The situation is getting better every year as the authorities and organizations try to show The Republic as a very beautiful, unique and friendly place with many attractions of different kinds. The increased interest in this area among tourists may also occur in connection with the observed trends in recent years. Those trends shows increase in the level of popularity geographically and culturally distant tourist destinations which are still not mass tourism destinations.

16

Polscy księża zesłańcy postyczniowi o Rosji

70%

Cybulski M.

Acta Polono-Ruthenica

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2016

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issue 21

145-159

EN

The given article is devoted to the problem of the perception of Russia and the Russians in Polish Catholic priests’ literary work, exiled after the January Uprising to the Russian Empire. As commonly assessed, exile to Russia affected about six hundred Polish clergymen, in one way or another connected to the insurrectionary move of 1863. The most famous priest-exiles, whose literary legacy has survived to this day, are: Mikołaj Kulaszyński, Stanisław Matraś, Edward Nowakowski and Zygmunt Szczęsny Feliński. A present article was devoted to it is for these writers, and is concentrating on the stereotype of the Russians and Russia. The text includes the following aspects one by one: national nomenclature, psychological and characterological features, physical properties of the Russians and the general image of Russia as the state and the country.

17

Podróż mimo woli

70%

PROKOPIAK S.

Historia i Świat

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2015

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issue 4

449-473

EN

„A Journey against the Will” is a narrative of a cruel experience which eight-year-old Halina Witkowska had to go through when she was deported to a Siberian forced labor camp together with her mother and brother. She was in the USSR from 1939 to 1942, from where she then got to Teheran travelling along General Wladyslaw Anders’ Trail, and later – through India to Mexico. She returned to Poland in 1946. Now Mrs Witkowska lives in Siedlce.

18

THE SIBERIAN COLLECTION OF THE ETHNOGRAPHIC MUSEUM IN CRACOW IN THE LIGHT OF FIELDWORK AND ANTHROPOLOGICAL REINTERPRETATIONS

70%

Zych M.

Muzealnictwo

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2020

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vol. 61

172-180

EN

The paper presents the results of the academic museum Project called Anthropological reinterpretation of the Siberian collections from the Ethnographic Museum in Cracow that came from Polish 19th-century explorers of Siberia financed by the National Programme for the Development of Humanities (2016–2019). Four major topics of investigation among the collections’ source communities have been presented: Benedykt Dybowski’s collection from Kamchatka, Konstanty Podhorski’s collection from Chukotka, Nenets’ clothing donated by Izydor Sobański, and two cult figurines which reached the Cracow Museum from Jan Żurakowski. The presentation reveals the assumptions of the in-field museology: the method combining the anthropological perspective with museology elements. Furthermore, the digital repository www.etnomuzeum.eu/syberia is discussed; it is the one that makes the collections and research results available online. The paper may prove of interest to professionals curating collections, culture researchers, historians, cultural anthropologists, art historian, conservation services, museology theoreticians.

19

Idea patriotyzmu polskiego sybiractwa okresu II wojny światowej

61%

Pieróg A.

Wrocławskie Studia Politologiczne

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2018

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vol. 25

195-206

EN

From December 1939, each month, 150 000 exiles were sent to the Siberian taiga. It is estimated that by mid April 1940, 1 million people lost their lives there, mainly due to maladjustment to the climate, hard work and lack of food. Is it possible to claim that such deprived persons had the need to manifest their attachment to their native country in such a difficult environment?

20

Objawienia i duchy gór - doświadczenia, instytucje i organizacje religijne

61%

Halemba A.

Prace Etnograficzne

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2014

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vol. 42

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issue 1

33–46

EN

This article proposes an analytical model for research on religion, based on elucidation of three aspects of religious phenomena: institutional, organisational and experiential. Those three aspects transform each other: religious experiences can lead to establishment of religious institutions, while religious organisations can initiate and manage religious experiences. Theoretical inspirations are taken from works that combine philosophy and anthropology with cognitive approaches. Ethnographic examples are based on fi eld research in the Republic of Altai (Russian Federation) on cult of nature and activities of shamans and in the Transcarpathian Ukraine among adherents of the Catholic Church of Byzantine Rite.

Refine search results

A local crisis as a specific part of the global one: the case of Siberia

Siberian regional policy: the past and modern problems

Measuring and ranking the innovative potential of cities

Rahvaluule osakonna Siberi kaastoolise Rosalie Ottessoni ja teadurite-arhivaaride dialoog aastatel 1969–1976

An Icon from the Orthodox Church in Tatаurоvо (Eastern Siberia)

Historia życia i działalności Benedykta Dybowskiego – wielkiego zoologa, lekarza, antropologa, działacza niepodległościowego, zesłańca syberyjskiego

Проведение репатриации польских военнопленных в Минусинском уезде Енисейской губернии в 1921 г.

PAŃSTWO I GRANICE ETNICZNE W POŁUDNIOWO-WSCHODNIEJ SYBERII

Vec, fotografia a socializmus: príbeh koberca

Siberi eestlaste kohanemisest ja sulandumisest parimusainese pohjal

Juurte juurde ja tagasi. Siberist remigreerunud eestlaste kodupaigakulastused kui naide sekulaarsest palverannust

Ethnopolitics as Co-operation and Coexistence: The Case- Study of the Jewish Autonomous Region in Siberia

Generał brygady Kazimierz Rumsza – z armii carskiej do polskiej