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Electrum
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2012
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vol. 19
149–156
EN
There is a certain difficulty in attempts to describe the period in Syracuse between the death of Timoleon and the coming to power of Agathocles. It was a time of great turmoil and political instability – Syracuse would reappear after 317 BC as a tyranny. This article is a review of the events and causes that shaped the final outcome. The main points of interests are: an attempt to describe a type of government present in the given period, especially the function of the group of the so-called “Six Hundred Noblest,” and the career of Agathocles, an exemplary one considering the political realities of the time
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100%
EN
The paper describes analysis of mineral water in Sicily, performed in 1777 by Michał Jan Borch, during his travel to Sicily ad Malta. Borch analyzed waters of about 30 mineral springs and classified waters according to their chemical properties. The results of these investigations were published by Borch as separate chapter of his book Mineralogy Sicilienne, Docimastique and Metallurgique (Turin 1780). in the paper the Polish translation of this chapter. The work of Borch is an interesting example of the of Polish researchers activity in the early scientific investigations in Europe.
EN
The paper investigates the relationship between the preservation of cultural heritage and planning in UNESCO World Heritage List (WHL) sites, with special reference to the relation between Management Plans and other (local and regional) planning instruments and policies able to influence the promotion of sustainable and responsible development. This will be explored through a case study related to South-Eastern Sicilian UNESCO sites (in particular Syracuse). The analysis of this case study will point out the challenge of integrating different management and planning regimes - which mainly refer to a performative model - in a (still) very conformative planning system. The paper will show how supranational protection tools and models often lose their efficacy in relation to local planning systems.
Open Archaeology
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2014
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vol. 1
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issue 1
EN
Pottery technology, although largely neglected in studies of the Sicilian Early Bronze Age (Castelluccio culture, 2200-1450 BC), represents a strategic field of research for focusing on main steps of manufacturing of Castelluccian vessels. In this perspective, the evidence from the archaeological deposit of Colle della Croce (Scicli, Ragusa) has allowed us to emphasise some new technical features that can be observed in the production within other cultural districts. The most significant phase of the study was the autoptic examination of materials and surfaces that led to the definition of this production as medium and coarse ware, with the use of different kinds of technical solutions in relation to different uses and functions. The manufacturing techniques, especially when surface treatment is clearly recognizable on fragmentary specimens, can be conditioned by several factors, such as the shape type and the function of the vessel. Features such as working plans and supporting systems were observed quite frequently, as well as polishing techniques and joints slots for the handles that could be interpreted as ‘workshop standards’ rather than simply local traditions.
EN
The paper looks into the turbulent history of the ancient town of Akrai/Acrae in a mountainous part of southeastern Sicily, encapsulated in the assemblage of finds from a domestic cistern, which was remodeled and adapted in the course of its use. The cistern is considered as an architectural feature against the background of the ancient town, and the assemblage recovered from it is exmined thoroughly category by category, giving insight into the life of the ancient inhabitants of this island in the Mediterranean.
EN
Like many other artists, Szymanowski was hugely attracted to Italy. In this article, I will briefly expose, firstly, the “Italian” tracks that can be found in the Polish composer’s music, and, secondly, the declarations on Italy in Szymanowski’s writings, in particular on his art and music, trying to relate these elements between them to see what image of Italian culture emerges. I will show how Szymanowski’s cultural environment remains German-based nevertheless looking for the lost unity between man, art and nature in the heritage of the Italian Renaissance.
Vox Patrum
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2018
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vol. 69
53-64
EN
The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the selected works of one of the twelfth century Norman historian living in the British Isles, Gerald de Barri of Wales (1146-1223) in terms of his knowledge of the Byzantine world and its cor­relation with the Normans (from England and Southern Italy). The term Byzantine world has been evolving for several decades. Today it refers no longer just to the land of the former East European Empire, which later transformed itself into the Greek Byzantium, but it can be referred to the Balkans or the Kingdom of Normandy, while scientists are constantly expanding its borders with the help of other sciences such as archeology. We will do this based on his work: De in­structione principis, Topographia Hibernica, Expugnatio Hibernica, Itinerarium Cambriae and Descriptio Cambriae. Selected by Gerald of Wales the themes of the Byzantine and Norman kingdoms of Sicily, which appear in his five works ci­ted above, are proof of the broad political horizons of the elites from British Isles that were associated with the Plantagenet dynasty. Gerald was never in Sicily, in Byzantium or in the Holy Land, but he had some source in sight, both in the form of eyewitness accounts of events and in the accounts of contemporary wri­ters, which does not diminish the credibility of the data he cites. Better and more strongly, he was interested in the facts of the kingdom of Normans in Sicily than in Byzantium. Such a state of affairs seems to be understandable, as he saw in them both a political partner and, to some extent, a model to imitate, especially in the aspect of conducting politics against the conquered peoples.
EN
The outbreak of the Spanish Civil War represented a pivotal moment in Leonardo Sciascia’s ideological development, as it pushed him towards an anti-fascist passion that would make him an "engagé" writer over the years. In fact, the news of Lorca’s assassination and Ortega y Gasset’s volumes had a lasting influence on the writer: he began to read Spanish and about the Spanish world, thus discovering Spain and its language, literature, and culture. In fact, it was a rediscovery, since, in the eyes of the Sicilian author, the common Arab domination and the long Spanish hegemony in Sicily had already connected the island and the peninsula in an intricate web of “similarities.” The present article aims to examine the distinctness of Sciascia’s Sicilian-Spanish imaginary that is present in the reports that he published after his numerous trips to the Iberian land starting in the 1950s. After having often been dismissed as paraliterary, those works will be analysed as travel writing so as to better appreciate them. "Ore di Spagna", the volume that collects most of those journalistic articles, will be considered as one of the best examples of reporting in the 20 th century, far beyond the boundaries of essay production.
IT
Lo scoppio della Guerra civile spagnola rappresentò un momento decisivo per la maturazione ideologica di Leonardo Sciascia, in quanto le sue vicende lo spinsero verso quella passione antifascista che nel tempo lo avrebbe reso uno scrittore "engagé". Tuttavia, dal triennio rivoluzionario arrivarono anche le notizie dell’assassinio di Lorca, i volumi di Ortega y Gasset – su cui Sciascia iniziò a leggere il "castellano", e poi il mondo –, dunque la scoperta della Spagna, della sua lingua, della sua letteratura e della sua cultura. In realtà, si sarebbe trattato di una riscoperta, poiché, agli occhi dell’autore, la comune dominazione araba e la lunga egemonia spagnola in Sicilia avevano già saldato l’isola alla penisola in un intricato intreccio di “somiglianze”. Il presente studio intende esaminare le peculiarità di questo immaginario siculo-spagnolo attraverso una presentazione dei reportage pubblicati da Sciascia a seguito dei numerosi viaggi intrapresi in terra iberica a partire dagli anni Cinquanta. Trattandosi di pagine spesso allontanate dal genere che meglio può valorizzarle, si procederà, infine, a una loro valutazione in chiave odeporica e si stabilirà che "Ore di Spagna", il volume che raccoglie la maggior parte di quei pezzi giornalistici, può superare i confini del compendio saggistico nella direzione dei migliori esiti reportistici novecenteschi.
EN
The essay reflects on Emma Dante, the unusual and versatile artist (theatre manager, actress-author, film and opera director). Emma Dante’s story condenses different and apparently conflicting experiences and knowledge (the Academy of Dramatic Arts in Rome, the teachings of Vacis in Turin, the laboratories with Cesare Ronconi) before the foundation of the Sud Costa Occidentale group in Palermo, in 1999, with its subsequent transformations continuing until today. The result is an irregular figure of a “matriarch”, in the fruitful vein of new Sicilian dramaturgy, which takes nourishment from the land of origin but with which she feeds a collective and authorial theatre. This theatre is both dramatic (indeed tragi-comic) and post-dramatic, with European depth, and it is not spared of controversy and criticism, as it is awkward and uncomfortable. The analysis of her performance in Cani di bancata (2006) aims to highlight themes and styles connected to a feminism that goes beyond gender in the strict sense but that is able to become a metaphor of a world and a human diversity that involves and disturbs us through an irreverent gaze.
IT
Il saggio riflette su Emma Dante, artista polivalente (capocomica e attrice-autrice di teatro, attrice e regista di cinema, regista di opere liriche), che costituisce un’eccezione nel panorama italiano in quanto donna di scena e donna di libro. La sua storia condensa esperienze e competenze diverse, apparentemente contrastanti (Accademia d’Arte drammatica a Roma, magistero di Vacis a Torino, laboratori con Cesare Ronconi) prima della fondazione del gruppo Sud Costa Occidentale a Palermo, nel 1999, con le sue successive trasformazioni fino ad oggi. Ne nasce un’anomala figura di “matriarca”, nel filone fecondo della nuova drammaturgia siciliana, che dalla terra d’origine trae succhi ma con i quali alimenta un teatro al tempo stesso collettivo e autoriale; drammatico (anzi tragi- comico) e postdrammatico, di rispondenza europea, non senza suscitare polemiche e attacchi, essendo teatro scomodo e foriero di rischiose autoanalisi. L’esame del suo spettacolo Cani di bancata (2006) intende mettere in luce temi e stili connessi a un femminile che esula dal gender (in senso stretto) ma capace di farne la metafora di un mondo e di una diversità umana che, attraverso uno sguardo complice e dissacrante, ci coinvolge e ci turba.
EN
Many researchers of the history of Sicily and the current events on the Island claim that Sicily became enslaved by mafia. However, if one performs a deeper analysis of this land, he may draw a conclusion that Sicily was never free. Starting from the mythical Cyclops, there was no invader who would not be lured by legendary fertile and beautiful piece of land – a bridge between Europe and Africa. Organized crime in Sicily emerged as a resistance against the foreign presence on the island.
EN
The purpose of this article is to present the etymology of the canonical, legal, medical and theological terms used in the 1742 decree of the Vicar General Editto del Vicario Generale della Diocesi di Catania Intorno al Parto Cesareo, e Benedizione Nuziale. The edict was written in the Italian language of the 18th century. The text was translated into English using the original spelling of the document.
PL
Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie etymologii terminów kanoniczno-prawniczych, medycznych i teologicznych występujących w dekrecie Wikariusza Generalnego z 1742 r., zatytułowanego Editto del Vicario Generale della Diocesi di Catania Intorno al Parto Cesareo, e Benedizione Nuziale. Wyżej wspomniany edykt został napisany w XVIII-wiecznym języku włoskim. Tłumaczenia na język angielski dokonano na podstawie oryginalnej pisowni dokumentu.
Nurt SVD
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2016
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issue 1
59-76
PL
Islam jawi się dziś jako nietolerancyjna religia pozostająca w konflikcie z tradycją judeochrześcijańską. Jednak przykład średniowiecznej Sycylii dowodzi, że w imię Koranu można zbudować wielokulturowe społeczeństwo. Strategiczne położenie Sycylii od wieków przyciągało osadników. Od VI wieku władało nią Bizancjum. W VIII wieku wyspa zainteresowała Arabów tworzących nowe państwa w Afryce Północnej. Jednym z nich był emirat Aghlabidów. W 827 roku wyruszyła stamtąd armia, rozpoczynając muzułmański podbój Sycylii, który - pod znakiem rzezi i zniszczeń - trwał przez kolejne dziesięciolecia. W X wieku władzę na wyspie przejęła dynastia Kalbidów. Wprowadzili oni politykę tolerancji, dbali o rozwój nauki i kultury, wspierali rolnictwo oraz handel. W XI wieku Sycylię podbili Normanowie. Zetknąwszy się z wysoką kulturą wyspy, utrzymali oni większość rozwiązań poprzedników. Językami urzędowymi były łacina i greka, a także arabski. Z połączenia różnych kultur powstało jedno z najnowocześniejszych społeczeństw tamtych czasów.
EN
Islam today is being perceived as the religion that is in the state of conflict with the Judeo-Christian tradition. But a case study of the medieval Sicily proves that it is possible to create a multicultural society in the name of the Koran. Strategic location of the island has always attracted settlers. It was under Byzantine rule since the 6th century. In the 8th century it attracted the attention of the Arabs, just then creating their new states in North Africa. One of them was the Aghlabid Emirate. In 827 it sent an invading army to Sicily. The Muslim conquest of the island, punctuated with the outbursts of onslaught and destruction, lasted for several decades. In the 10th century the reins of power went to the rulers from the Kalbids dynasty. They introduced a policy of tolerance, promoted arts and science and supported trade and agriculture. In the 11th century Sicily was conquered by the Normans. Recognising the high value of the culture they encountered on the island, they retained most measures of their predecessors. The official languages were Latin, Greek and Arabic. The mixture of various cultures in Sicily produced one of the most advanced societies of that period.
EN
This article describes relations between Greek colonists, that came to the island in 8th c. B.C., and other communities. One of the societies that were taken into consideration, are native inhabitants of Sicily, which origin were also mentioned in first section. Furthermore, in this article were depict contacts with colonies motherland and living in the west side of the island, Carthaginians. At the end of this article, correlation between developed colonies and their inside political situation were also taken in to consideration.
PL
Artykuł opisuje relacje panujące między greckimi kolonistami, którzy przybyli w VIII w. przed Chr. na Sycylię, a innymi społecznościami tam już żyjącymi, m.in. autochtonicznymi mieszkańcami wyspy (o ich pochodzeniu szerzej w pierwszej części artykułu). Zostały również przedstawione stosunki greckich kolonistów z ich miastem macierzystym oraz z Kartagińczykami, zamieszkującymi zachodnią część Sycylii. Uwzględniono także korelacje między rozwiniętymi koloniami oraz ich wewnętrzną sytuacją polityczną.
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