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The Development of Slovak-Hungarian Relations in 1939–1940 from a Soviet Aspect

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Janek I.

Central European Papers

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2014

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vol. 2

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issue 1

53-73

EN

After concluding the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, the Soviet Union unexpectedly became an ally of the Slovaks. Slovak political decision-makers evaluated this act as a “historic turnaround”, which then enabled the realization of mutual solidarity between Germany and Russia. Soviet diplomats characterized Slovakia in their reports as a “gate facing the Balkans” and as an “eye” into the Western half of Europe. Slovak politicians saw in their relationship with the Soviet Union the possibility to seek a counterbalance against the German influence that was encumbering the country. Slovakia’s foreign policy was hoping that the Soviet Union as a Slavic brother state would support Slovakia in the Hungarian-Slovak conflict. The rivalry between Hungary and Slovakia, when both states had been attempting to gain Hitler’s favour since 1939, eventually led to their attempting to win points to military domain. Thus, both of the states became ensnared in the war against the Soviet Union, an effort which other satellite states also joined. According to Jozef Tiso, Slovakia needed to enter the war against the Soviet Union because it could thus gain a basis from which to regain her territories that had been annexed to Hungary. The relationship between both states was important from the point of view of the Soviet Union foreign policy because the Soviet Union was thus able to gain information about Germany, or as the case may be, it was able to restrain them from declaring war. In the fall of 1939 full diplomatic relations between Hungary and the Soviet Union were renewed, in which the German-Soviet rapprochement also played a role. Soviet diplomats attempted to keep their government informed in as much detail as possible about the Slovak-Hungarian relationships.

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Slovenská politika v kontexte revolučných rokov 1848/49 a názory K. Marxa a F. Engelsa

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Šumichrast A.

Acta historica Neosoliensia Vedecký časopis pre historické vedy

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2020

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vol. 23

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issue 1

125-139

EN

The study deals with the criticism of the policy of the Ľudovít Štúr and his generation during the years 1848/49 by Karl Marx and Frederick Engels in the context of their broader analysis of the situation in the Habsburg monarchy. The paper also presents the basic characteristics of the ideas that Marx and Engels presented, as well as sketch of their attitude towards nationalism and nation. At the end, the study offers a brief overview of Štúr's reception of Marxism.

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Slovenská politika na križovatke medzi Viedňou, Budapešťou a Prahou

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Holec R.

Střed. Časopis pro mezioborová studia Střední Evropy 19. a 20. století. / Centre. Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies of Central Europe in the 19th and 20th Centuries.

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2017

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vol. 9

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issue 2

46-70

EN

Since the Czech policy became a mere component of the western part of the Empire after the Compromise 1867, the Czech political elite, with an orientation to the conception of historical rights, strove for an equal national position. As a result, they lost interest in the Slovak policy as an ally and the Slovak question as a part of a wider conceptual solution. The Slovak politicians with a natural right conception rejecting historic rights as “old rubbish” were placed in a complicated situation. On the base of historical rights there were many attempts to realize the cooperation between the part of the Czech politicians and Hungarian opposition against the Vienna court. Such cooperation, however, did not have a chance of success and only aroused discontent among the Slovak political elites. Slovak policy after decades on the crossroad between Vienna, Budapest and Prague came with the beginning of the WW1 into the new geopolitical situation. In May 1917 the Czech political programme, for the first time, abandoned the principle of historic rights, crossed the river Morava and included Slovakia and the Slovaks in its sphere of interest. After the Czechoslovak Republic was declared, the struggle – propagandist, mental, military and diplomatic – for Slovakia was only beginning.

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1 Acta historica Neosoliensia Vedecký časopis pre historické vedy

1 Central European Papers

1 Střed. Časopis pro mezioborová studia Střední Evropy 19. a 20. století. / Centre. Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies of Central Europe in the 19th and 20th Centuries.

1 2020

1 2017

1 2014

1 Holec R.

1 Janek I.

1 Šumichrast A.

The Development of Slovak-Hungarian Relations in 1939–1940 from a Soviet Aspect

Slovenská politika v kontexte revolučných rokov 1848/49 a názory K. Marxa a F. Engelsa

Slovenská politika na križovatke medzi Viedňou, Budapešťou a Prahou