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Ruchy społeczno-polityczne we Francuskiej Afryce Zachodniej

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Ndiaye B.

Forum Politologiczne

2009

vol. 9 - Ugrupowania polityczne i ruchy społeczne w Afryce

207-223

French West Africa (AOF) created by a decree of the 16th of June 1895, one year after the establishment of the Ministry for the Colonies, a federation of colonies, is an entity for coordinating French presence in West Africa. Administrative grouping under French rule until 1958 of the former French territories of West Africa. According to the 1946 French Constitution, Africans in the colonies were allowed to elect parliamentary representatives in three assemblies: the Chamber of Deputies, the Senate, and the Assembly of French Union. Also, each colony had representation at lower levels, for instance the general councils with headquarters at Dakar for the AOF, and the governor general as a high commissioner of the Republic. Each local council sent five representatives to the AOF. It is worth noting that for the elections, there were still two electoral lists and two categories of voters: one list for French citizens and another for the union citizens. Following the adoption of the new constitution, Africans became union citizens, rather than French subjects as they were before, but they were not yet unequivocally French citizens. The RDA, with its subsections at the level of each colony, was at first dedicated to the struggle for equality between France and the colonies, between the French citizens and the Africans who had not yet acquired that status. In 1944 seven Ivorian owners of crop export (coffee and cocoa) created an agricultural union, Syndicat Agricole Africain to defend their rights. Félix Houphouet-Boigny was the first chairperson of Syndicat Agricole Africain, he also became the first chairperson of Parti Démocratique de Côte d’Ivoire and of the transnational Rassemblement Démocratique Africain in 1946. Among other high-profile political positions, he held many ministerial positions in the French government from 1956 to 1959. At independence in 1960, Houphouet-Boigny became its first president.

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Ruchy społeczno-polityczne we Francuskiej Afryce Zachodniej