Search results

1

Joseph Stalin’s statements on language and linguistics as verbal acts of autocracy

100%

Nowak P., Zimny R.

Oblicza Komunikacji

|

2014

|

vol. 7

67-74

PL

Celem pracy jest przedstawienie z perspektywy metajęzykowej poglądów Stalina na język i językoznawstwo traktowanych tutaj jako integralna część kontrolowanego przez państwo systemu propagandy w Związku Radzieckim w latach 50. XX w. Prezentacja historycznego i społecznego kontekstu, który umożliwił Stalinowi krytyczną analizę teorii językoznawczej Nikołaja Marra, poprzedza omówienie głównych aspektów tej teorii, co z kolei stanowi tło krótkiej analizy poglądów językoznawczych Stalina i ich roli w konstruowaniu propagandowego dyskursu. Zdaniem autorów wypowiedzi Stalina dotyczące języka i językoznawstwa są przejawami jego władzy nad imperium sowieckim, jego ideologią i językiem.

2

Odrodilci, zrádci, vrazi v bílých pláštích. Obraz „Žida“ jako „nepřítele“ v propagandě pozdního stalinismu

100%

Šimová K.

Soudobé dějiny (Contemporary History)

|

2014

|

issue 1-2

11-43

EN

When Stalinism was at its peak, between 1948 and 1953, there was a marked escalation in anti-Jewish manifestations by the Soviet régime, which has often been called ‘state’, ‘official’, or ‘Stalinist’ antisemitism. This article endeavours to provide an account of this by analysing the image of the ‘Jew’ in the propaganda of the time. The basis for the analysis is the concept of the ‘image of the enemy’ as a basic figure of the totalitarian ideological canon. The article races the way in which the image was filled with meanings linked with the term ‘Jew’. To this end, the author employs semiotic textual analysis, which enables her gradually to uncover the character of the signs in the propagandistic language. She focuses on two propaganda campaigns that dominated the Soviet public space in this period. One was against so-called ‘cosmopolitanism’, from January to March 1949; the other was the so-called ‘Doctor’s Plot’ from January to March 1953. This method enables her to provide evidence of the anti-Jewish orientation of the campaigns, which have so far been deduced chiefly from quantitative lists of acts of repression against specific individuals of Jewish descent. Analysis of the semantic field of the image of the ‘Jew’ then reveals the mechanisms that, because of the many layers of the sign character of this image, were used to provide reasons for the home and foreign policies of he Soviet régime, as well as to justify its problems at home and abroad. The last part of the article consists in conclusions that the author finds applicable to Czechoslovakia at that time.

3

Marr i marryzm

100%

Stachowski M.

LingVaria : Półrocznik Wydziału Polonistyki UJ poświęcony zagadnieniom języka i językoznawstwa

|

2013

|

issue 16

249-271

EN

Nicholas Marr and his theory, mostly called the Japhetic theory or just Marrism, are not popular and well-known to modern students of linguistics. The aim of the present study is, then, to offer a concise presentation including both data about the Marrism and this author’s own interpretation of some common (albeit to a considerable extent incorrect) statements.

4

Od utopii do post-utopii. Stalin i jego najlepsi uczniowie

100%

Kozak P.

Panoptikum

|

2010

|

issue 9(16)

144-152

EN

The aim of the paper is the analysis of aesthetic theories of Russian Avant-garde and Post-avant-garde. The author claim that an essence of the avant-garde movement was the desire to form the world in accordance with an artistic project, which should have give a harmony and a beauty of the reality, but in fact was only a reflection of the will of power of soviets. In this perspective the Soviets and Soviet art, i.e. social realism were true successors of avant-garde and ones who continued its project instead of making it dead. The main thesis here is that social realism took over the avant-garde dream of a new world and made its own, what made avant-garde itself useless.

5

Czy zbrodnia ludobójstwa na Ukrainie w latach 1932-1933 to mit?

100%

Wasiuta O.

Forum Politologiczne

|

2007

|

vol. 6 - Odmiany dyskursu politycznego

29-62

EN

The Ukrainian Holodomor (famine-genocide) in 1932-1933 be-came for Ukrainians the same, as Holocaust for Jewries and carnage in 1915 for Armenians. As a tragedy the scales of which it is impossible to understand, hunger injured nation, leaving on its body deep social, psychological and demographic scars which carries until now. Holodomor gave up black shade on methods and achievements of the soviet system. Researchers name the different numbers of lost during holodomor, but in any case, the question is about millions of innocent victims. Taking into account indirect victims, by provisional calculations, Holodomor took away life of 14 million people. The reason of Holodomor was the policy of the Stalin-mode in relation to Ukrainians as a nation and, in particular, in relation to peasants as to the class. The primary objective of organization of artificial famine was injury of social base of resistance of Ukrainians against communist power and providing of total control from the side of the state of all layers of population. Opponents cannot explain the enormous amount of victims of famine, but deny assertions, that soviet authority could destroy people. It is not needed to explain to the oversea opponents of genocide theory, why Nazis, for example, exterminated Jewries, and they cannot imagine, that own government destroyed not political opponents, but millions far from a policy children, women and old people. The problem of Holodomor to this day has political character. Noteworthy the aspect of famine is an attempt to delete it from public consciousness. Yet to quite recent time soviet position was taken to objection of fact of famine. If all scales of tragedy got winds, obviously, it would inflict serious harm by that image of country, that Moscow aimed to create both for itself at home, and abroad. That is why authority long forbade openly talk about famine in SRSR. One of opponent's arguments of Holodomor confession in supposition that in the genocide of the Ukrainian people will accuse today's Russia. Besides, Russia provokes such idea through the statements of MFA. And although in society a consensus already formed in relation to confession of Holodomor as an act of genocide, however by virtue of insufficient knowledge, propagandas of the proper political forces and unclear position of political leaders, part of Ukrainian population does not understand the real consequences of this tragedy. Ukrainian nation is tragic nation, because its own historians continue until now to look at own history, through Russian glasses. From their point of view - there was not genocide, because in the imperial seeing there is the unique Slavonic people, two parts of which are little variously named. While hungry pestilence will remain a white spot in history, until then humanity will not see all chain genocides in XX century.

6

Lokomotywa historii, słońce narodów, uniwersalny geniusz… Mit Stalina i język

100%

Pacuła J.

Świat i Słowo

|

2010

|

vol. 2010, nr 2 (15)

145-158

EN

The author analysed watchwords and slogans praising Stalin and simultaneously creating the image of the dictator. Their universal use led to the situation in which every individual, influenced by propaganda, behaved as if his/ her reactions were results of his/her own decisions. Building up the myth of Stalin was based on intentional and systematic shaping perception, as well as on manipulation of thoughts and behaviour of the society. Interferences in proper names were supposed to stabilize this myth. The author directed his attention to the image of the dictator popularized by literature and the press. Concluding the author suggests the following statements: a) the myth of Stalin was transitional, b) this myth has not died down, c) one should associate the myth of Stalin with the mythomania, rather than with mythology.

7

Cybernetyka i nauki humanistyczne w ZSRR

100%

Urban R.

Conversatoria Linguistica

|

2018

|

issue 12

257-270

PL

This work presents the development of mathematical linguistics and poetry theory (in particular the theory of versification, in which the great Soviet mathematician Andrei N. Kołmogorov played a significant role) in the USSR. Cybernetics – a science created in 1948 by the American mathematician Norbert Wiener – is the leading motifed issues. Issues related to the development of humanities (linguis and linking the discusstics and literature theory) are presented against the background of the political situation prevailing in Stalin's time and then, after his death, Khrushchev. In the article we try to prove that, contrary to appearances, Stalin did not play such a bad role in science as usual, which is uncritically attributed to him by many scientists.

8

Strategie władz wobec ustnej twórczości ludowej w okresie stalinowskim (na materiałach ukraińskich)

100%

Kramar R.

Acta Polono-Ruthenica

|

2015

|

issue 20

55-65

EN

In 1920-1950, Soviet authorities used different strategies in response to Ukrainian folklore. On the one hand, they recognised folklore as the “voice of the people”, while stressing the importance of oral traditions in the formation of the “new man”, thus encouraging the collection of folklore materials. According to Soviet ideologists, folklore can be seen as a source of inspiration for poets and musicians who create new songs for the working people. For some folklorists such ideas came as an incentive for creating a new “Soviet folklore”. For decades, the Soviet propaganda machine would widely imitate the traditional Ukrainian folklore expressed in oral form, while at the same time praising the pantheon of “communist saints”. Simultaneously, the Ukrainian Soviet folklore ignored Authentic Folklore, which was often highly critical of the Soviet reality.

9

Zbrodnia katyńska i zbrodnie stalinowskie z lat 1939-1941 w polskich podręcznikach historii

100%

Roguski R.

Historia i Świat

|

2013

|

issue 2

233-246

EN

75%

Zuziak J.

Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski

|

2022

|

vol. 2

201-215

EN

The article focuses on the circumstances of the USSR’s breaking off diplomatic relations with Poland in April 1943. The main research problem is the sequence of events in the Polish-Soviet relations in the period from July 1941, i.e. from the signing of the Sikorski-Majski pact, to April 1943, which consequently led to their breaking. The theoretical basis is constituted by the source documents and the basic literature on the subject. The primary research method was a critical analysis of sources and literature. On the basis of the conducted research, the author argues that the matter of the graves of the Polish officers murdered in Smolensk was only a pretext to make a decision to break off the diplomatic relations with the government of General Władysław Sikorski by the USSR and to start cooperation with Polish communists gathered in the Union of Polish Patriots.

17

Иосиф Сталин и Владимир Путин: практики конструирования образа политического лидера в дискурсе советских и российских медиа

75%

Kablukov E.

Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski

|

2020

|

vol. 2

73-84

EN

The image of a political leader is considered as a discursive phenomenon, structured by a set of practices. Two practices bring together the images of Stalin and Putin: 1) use of specific nominations of a leader; 2) reproduction of laudatory slogans addressed to a leader. The gatekeeping practices and the content of leaders’ images in considered discourses are fundamentally different. The modern Russian media select the most spectacular breaking news with the participation of Putin and construct the star image, well sold to the Russian consumer. Soviet media refuse any sensationalism, covering only official and routine events with the participation of Stalin. So the contradiction is revealed between the ordinary actions of the leader and the endless praise for Stalin as a deified father.

18

Soviet Coordinators of International Economic Cooperation in the Eastern Bloc in the Period 1948-1953

75%

FIŠER O.

Historia i Świat

|

2023

|

issue 12

301–314

EN

This article is a discourse on the main trendsetters of international economic cooperation in the Eastern Bloc in the period 1948-1953. Special emphasis is placed on the architects of cooperation between Czechoslovakia and the Soviet Union, since both countries established themselves as economic leaders after the Second World War and, moreover, developed a number of specific close links between their industries. The article focuses on the role of top officials of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. In addition, the paper also explores the role of Soviet advisors who stewarded the economies of the other Eastern Bloc states, both from Moscow and as seconded delegates directly from the ministries and enterprises of the individual members of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance.

19

Stalinowska wizja kultury: projekt i realizacja – mecenat w warunkach upolitycznienia

71%

Blecharczyk K.

Roczniki Kulturoznawcze

|

2015

|

vol. 6

|

issue 2

93-109

PL

Mecenat Stalina nad radziecką literaturą i sztuką został w pełni sformalizowany na początku lat trzydziestych XX w. Polityczne podporządkowanie wszystkich dziedzin kultury oraz próba jej dostosowania do ściśle określonych ideologicznych i partyjnych norm znalazły odzwierciedlenie we wprowadzonej w 1934 r. doktrynie realizmu socjalistycznego. Celem kultury stalinowskiej była sakralizacja władzy oraz pełna unifikacja i podporządkowanie życia obywateli Związku Radzieckiego socjalistycznej wizji. Osoba wodza reprezentuje tu ideę państwa, przez co zyskuje szczególny, transcendentny wymiar, przekładający się także na relację z kulturą. Stalin będąc architektem najdoskonalszego, totalnego dzieła sztuki, jakim miał być socjalizm, zyskał status nie tylko opiekuna życia kulturalnego oraz mecenasa literatury i sztuki, ale najwybitniejszego, wszechmocnego stwórcy. Stalinowska rewolucja kulturalna miała na celu wypełnienie totalnego planu wodza, jakim było stworzenie radzieckiego człowieka i nowego świata.

EN

Stalin’s patronage over soviet art and literature was completely formalized at the beginning of the 1930’s. Political subordination of all domains of culture and its ideological and party standardization were expressed by implementation of socialist realism doctrine in 1934. The very purposes of Stalinist culture were power sacralisation, fully unification and subjugation of the Soviet Union citizens life to the socialist vision. Figure of the leader represents the idea of state that yielded him as a new transcendent dimension. Stalin as an architect of excellent and total piece of art—the socialism, obtained a new special status—became not only a sponsor of entire cultural life, but also the notable, almighty creator. The main goal of Stalinist cultural revolution was to realize the total plan of its leader: creation of the Soviet Man and the new world.

20

George F. Kennan a „sprawa polska” u schyłku II wojny światowej

63%

Kimla P.

Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem

|

2017

|

vol. 39

|

issue 2

95-104

EN

The article aims at explaining why the famous American diplomatist and intriguing political thinker George F. Kennan already in 1944 considered “the Polish cause” as the “all alost cause” and did not believe in the possibility of restitution of Poland as an independent country after World War II. According to Kennan, this was determined primarily by the Russo-German Nonaggression Pact signed in August 1939. Strictly speaking, by the crimes committed on the Polish population by the Soviet police authorities in 1939–1941. Another important factor was the general expansionist nature of the Soviet regime. Even the Warsaw uprising filled with the unprecedented heroism could not change anything in Stalin’s policy towards Poland.

Refine search results

Joseph Stalin’s statements on language and linguistics as verbal acts of autocracy

Odrodilci, zrádci, vrazi v bílých pláštích. Obraz „Žida“ jako „nepřítele“ v propagandě pozdního stalinismu

Marr i marryzm

Od utopii do post-utopii. Stalin i jego najlepsi uczniowie

Czy zbrodnia ludobójstwa na Ukrainie w latach 1932-1933 to mit?

Lokomotywa historii, słońce narodów, uniwersalny geniusz… Mit Stalina i język

Cybernetyka i nauki humanistyczne w ZSRR

Strategie władz wobec ustnej twórczości ludowej w okresie stalinowskim (na materiałach ukraińskich)

Zbrodnia katyńska i zbrodnie stalinowskie z lat 1939-1941 w polskich podręcznikach historii

Топонимические советизмы, связанные с именами Ленина и Сталина

Soviet Marxist perceptions of religion : ideological, legal, and pragmatic perspectives

How successful was Joseph Stalin in establishing Soviet Union as a superpower?

The cult of personality as an important feature of totalitarian propaganda

Błękitna Dywizja w ujęciu Xaviera Moreno Juliá

Ján Dekan K Vývoji Jazyků

Okoliczności zerwania przez Związek Sowiecki stosunków dyplomatycznych z Polską w kwietniu 1943 r.

Иосиф Сталин и Владимир Путин: практики конструирования образа политического лидера в дискурсе советских и российских медиа

Soviet Coordinators of International Economic Cooperation in the Eastern Bloc in the Period 1948-1953

Stalinowska wizja kultury: projekt i realizacja – mecenat w warunkach upolitycznienia

George F. Kennan a „sprawa polska” u schyłku II wojny światowej