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EN
In the late 1970s, Stefan Nowak posited the existence of a sociological vacuum in Poland, and his concept became one of the most widely employed in studies of this society. The author of the present article uses an inventory of publications citing Nowak’s perspective to analyse the manner in which this key concept has been implemented in sociological explanations. According to his findings, the idea appears to be most often used in accounts of the 1980s “Solidarność” movement, in reference to civil society and social capital, and in treatments of democracy in Poland. The validity of Nowak’s idea is not usually questioned, and scholars referring to his thesis frequently modify the initial argument by shifting its meaning and ignoring its national identity element. Furthermore, in the analyzed works, the authors point to a sociological vacuum as an obstacle to the desired development of civil society, social capital, and democracy in Poland. This is usually done without deeper theoretical or empirical discussion, and in an essayistic and dramatized fashion. Such an anxiety about the lack of necessary ingredients in Polish society is described as horror vacui-i.e., fear of empty space.
Stan Rzeczy
|
2016
|
issue 1(10)
316-335
PL
Teza Stefana Nowaka o „próżni socjologicznej” to najczęściej przywoływane twierdzenie o polskim społeczeństwie. W artykule przedstawiono, jak za pomocą tego pojęcia spoglądano z zewnątrz na polskie społeczeństwo i jak pojęcie to próbowano odnieść do innych społeczeństw. „Próżnia socjologiczna” została porównana z podobnymi pojęciami tj. „załamywanie się społeczności”, „społeczeństwo klepsydry”, „perspektywa braku środka”. W artykule przedstawiono także wędrówkę pojęcia „próżni socjologicznej” pomiędzy czterema polami tematycznymi: Solidarność, społeczeństwo obywatelskie, kapitał społeczny, jakość demokracji. Pojęcie „próżni socjologicznej” nie wywędrowało poza polski kontekst, gdyż jest silnie naznaczone przekonaniem o jego unikalności. W trakcie swych wędrówek po różnych kontekstach tematycznych zostało tak przekształcone, aby służyło jako pojęcie wytrych, za pomocą którego socjologowie wyjaśniają niepożądane przez nich zjawiska.
EN
Stefan Nowak’s thesis on the sociological vacuum is the most frequently referenced statement on Polish society. This article introduces how Polish society was perceived “from the outside” by the use of the vacuum concept and shows attempts to apply the concept to other societies. The sociological vacuum is compared to other similar concepts: the loss of community, the hourglass society, and the missing middle approach. The concept’s travel between four domains (Solidarity, civil society, social capital, and the qua- lity of democracy) is presented. The concept of the sociological vacuum has not travelled beyond the Polish context because it is strongly connected to the assumption of Polish uniqueness. During its travels through various thematic domains, the concept transformed, and it is currently a buzzword used to explain phenomena undesired by sociologists.
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