Search results

1

The migration policy of Switzerland

100%

Perkowska M.

Przegląd Politologiczny

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2015

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issue 3

41-54

PL

Celem artykułu jest przybliżenie polityki migracyjnej Szwajcarii od II połowy XX wieku aż do czasów współczesnych. Polityka migracyjna Szwajcarii ewoluowała przez ostatnie dziesięciolecia uwarunkowana z jednej strony dużym zapotrzebowaniem na siłę roboczą z drugiej jednak silnymi poglądami ksenofobicznymi wpływającymi m.in. na zaostrzenie polityki migracyjnej. Szczególna uwaga zostanie poświęcona referendum z lutego 2014 r., w którym naród szwajcarski opowiedział się za ograniczeniem swobodnego przepływu osób między Szwajcarią a Unią Europejską.

EN

The main aim of the paper is to present Swiss migration policy from the second part of the 20thg century till present. This policy has evolved over recent decades. It was strongly influenced by the economic need for workers on the one hand, and by xenophobic opinions that made this policy more strict. The central part of the paper concerns the popular initiative voted through on 9 February 2014, when the Swiss nation decided to limit the free movement of people between Switzerland and the European Union.

2

Alpy w twórczości Hedwig Couhrts-Mahler

94%

Kolbuszewska E.

Góry, Literatura, Kultura

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2016

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vol. 10

97-108

EN

Known as the “queen of kitsch”, Hedwig Courths-Mahler [HCM] (1867–1950) wrote 208 novels for women, for whom she provided an escape from the stifling reality into the world of ideal dreams and feelings. The novels were set in the late 19th and early 20th century, with the spatial settings serving only as abackground for the events presented and usually not playing any major role in the plot. Novels that do stand out in this respect are those set in the Alps. Other types of space did not play arole as important as that of the mountains. In some respects the formula of HCM’s novels featuring mountain motifs reflected the poetics of Bergroman or mountain novel, a popular thematic variety of 20th-century novel. In line with the conventions characteristic of Bergroman, the mountains in HCM’s novels were not just abackground and scene for the action. To avarying degree they also determined the protagonists’ fate. Dramatic events like avalanches, storms, slides, falls into precipices, physical injuries, unpredictable disasters would crystallise their moral attitudes. Often the mountains would also provide abackdrop for their passionate romances.

3

Measuring Innovation in Mountain Destinations

94%

Lencsésová Z.

Czech Journal of Tourism

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2015

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vol. 4

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issue 1

45-57

EN

Innovation is an important tool for increasing the competitiveness of businesses or tourism destinations. In the mountain destinations the innovation has to be implemented in accordance to the principles of sustainable development. It is therefore necessary to measure the innovation rate and to explain the influence of various innovations groups on the development of mountain destinations. The aim of the paper is to explore the structure of innovations in the Slovak and Swiss mountain destinations and to find out their innovation rate. In the context of measuring the innovations, two fundamental approaches are explained. The innovations implemented in 34 Slovak and 29 Swiss mountain destinations in 2013 are analysed on the basis of the information published in annual reports, which were complemented by the interviews with the managers of mountain destinations. The identified innovations are classified into innovations groups and ranked. The innovation rate in the defined innovations groups and the comprehensive innovation rate for all mountain destinations are detected. The article also explains the connection between the innovation rate and the destination life cycle phase.

4

Language Policy in Switzerland

94%

Kużelewska E.

Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric

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2016

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vol. 45

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issue 1

125-140

EN

Switzerland is often referred to as a success story for handling its linguistic and cultural diversity. Traditionally four languages have been spoken in relatively homogeneous territories: German, French, Italian and Rhaeto- Romanic (Romansh). The first three have been national languages since the foundation of the Confederation in 1848; the fourth became a national language in 1938. In effect, The Law on Languages, in effect since 2010, has regulated the use and promotion of languages and enhanced the status of Romansh as one of the official languages since 2010. While Swiss language policy is determined at the federal level, it is in the actual practice a matter for cantonal implementation. Article 70 of the Swiss Federal Constitution, titled “Languages”, enshrines the principle of multilingualism. A recent project to create legislation to implement multilingualism across the cantons, however, has failed. Thus Switzerland remains de jure quadrilingual, but de facto bilingual at best, with only a handful of cantons recognizing more than one official language (Newman, 2006: 2). Cantonal borders are not based on language: the French-German language border runs across cantons during most of its course from north to south, and such is also the case for Italian.

5

Mniejszości narodowe w ramach szwajcarskiego systemu politycznego

94%

Matyja M.

Zeszyty Naukowe PUNO

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2014

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issue 2

187-207

EN

In Switzerland national minorities might be divided essentially into traditional and socalled „new” minorities. New minorities were formed as a result of immigration in the last half-century. The role of the Swiss national minorities in the political system of this country is connected to the special conditions of Swiss direct democracy, which directly determines the status of minorities in the country. The impact of Swiss policy, especially the popular initiative and referendum on the regulations relating to minorities, has not been fully researched in the literature. The purpose of this article is to analyse the status of minorities, primarily non-Christians, in Switzerland, and to show how these minorities relate to elements of Swiss direct democracy.

6

Wpływ elit politycznych na integracje mniejszości muzułmańskiej w szwajcarskim społeczeństwie równoległym

94%

Matyja M.

Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne

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2013

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issue 1(11)

185-214

EN

In Switzerland there is a parallel society made up of Muslims unwilling to integrate into the society of the country of residence, preferring Muslim law (Sharia) and - for various reasons - closing on their own "world". This leads directly to the formation of a parallel society, whose functioning can not be reconciled for long term with democratic principles and with the tolerance of religious. For Switzerland, this is a new socio-political situation, additionally difficult because of the decentralized federalism and the direct democracy system in this country. The political elites in Switzerland are blocking political rights of the muslim.

7

Polish-Swiss Cooperation among International Organizations

94%

Żejmo M.

Polish Political Science Yearbook

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2015

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vol. 44

75-92

EN

Regardless of the role that is attributed largely to the traditional attitude of Switzerland on bilateral relations and the trend of still continuing the support of the conduct of international design policies, one still cannot ignore the importance of the part played by the participation of both countries in international organizations. In the face of the current progressive opacity and complexity of the global situation, which not only makes it impossible to carry out the policy of isolationism, but also significantly reduces the effects of bilateral policy, an increase in the role of this plane has become increasingly evident in many contexts Polish-Swiss relations.

8

Planowany Anschluss Szwajcarii w czasie drugiej wojny światowej

94%

Żejmo M.

Historia Slavorum Occidentis

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2015

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issue 2(9)

185-209

EN

Since 1933, when Adolf Hitler became the Chancellor of Germany, to the end of World War II, the independence of Switzerland was constantly threatened. From the beginning, Nazi propaganda sounded off about the unifi cation of the German peoples under the banners of the Third Reich. However, Swiss neutrality gave the Germans such great material benefi ts that they ultimately abandoned their plans to annex Switzerland. Prior to the outbreak of World War II and throughout the War, the Swiss authorities collaborated with the Germans and imposed restrictions on the admission of European Jews. Nevertheless, owing to its status of a ‘perpetually’ neutral state and informal actions of a number of state offi cials, many human lives were saved. For many years after the war, the Swiss found themselves in a kind of political isolation from the countries fi ghting against the Nazi Third Reich, owing to Switzerland’s trade cooperation and trade in goods with all participants of the war.

9

Is Electronic Voting a Panacea for Low Election Turnout? Examples of Estonian e-Elections and Swiss e-Referendums

94%

Musiał-Karg M.

Polish Political Science Yearbook

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2012

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vol. 41

428-443

EN

One of the most apparent signs of the crisis of the democratic system is a systematically decreasing turnout level in national and supranational elections and referenda. In reports and analyses concerning the level of political participation, experts more and more frequently notice a decreasing tendency of the citizen’s involvement in numerous types of elections. As Ola Pettersson points out, “according to the sources, less and less citizens appear at the ballot boxes”. Jacek Raciborski indicates that one of the most signifi cant consequences of the low citizen’s participation at the election procedures is the considerable legitimacy deficit. A number of countries attempt to prevent these phenomena from happening by undertaking various actions aimed at increasing the level of citizens’ involvement in political life (notably by increasing their participation in elections). That would infl uence the growth of the legitimacy level of the undertaken political decisions. It is worth noticing, that apart from the commonly used ways of increasing election attendance (such as correspondence voting, mobile ballot boxes), over the last few years politicians in many countries have had numerous discussions aimed at the implementation of electronic voting (e-voting). Its followers claim that thanks to e-voting, election and referenda turnout may be increased, as this method enables disabled people and people who are abroad to take part in elections. Furthermore, a considerable advantage of e voting, compared to traditional voting in polling stations is of greater convenience than the former. The aim of the following text is to attempt to provide an answer to the question whether electronic voting can be treated as a panacea for low election turnouts, whether this form of voting may be a warranty of a higher level of voter’s attendance than before. In the article, the author bases on the experience connected with e voting in two European countries – Estonia and Switzerland, which can be referred to as the pioneers in the use of e voting.

10

Afera Grimma-Hoffmanna. Szwajcarski przypadek samowolnej misji parlamentarzysty w polityce zagranicznej

94%

Bednarz P.

Przegląd Sejmowy

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2021

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issue 2(163)

9-26

EN

The years of the First World War were also a difficult period for Swiss society. Its political polarization came out particularly sharply in the face of the political crises that occurred at the time. One of the most serious was the so-called Grimm-Hoffmann affair of June 1917. The leader of the Swiss socialist milieu, one of the better-known parliamentarians, Robert Grimm, who went to Stockholm to attend the socialist congress and then to Petrograd, turned out to be a secret agent of the head of the Political Department of the Swiss government, Arthur Hoffmann. Robert Grimm’s mission was to probe the new Russian government about the possibility of a separate peace between Russia and Germany. This exposed unlawful action, undertaken without the agreement of the government, led to an international scandal, as the actions of R. Grimm and A. Hoffmann were contrary to Switzerland’s policy of neutrality. At the same time, there was an intensified press campaign in the country against A. Hoffmann, ending with his resignation. The arguments used by the public in their attacks on A. Hoffmann, clearly show that the Swiss society did not tolerate the actions of parliamentarians that went against the customs of a democratic state.

11

DEMOKRACJA BEZPOŚREDNIA, FEDERALIZM I NEUTRALNOŚĆ JAKO WYBRANE UWARUNKOWANIA SYSTEMOWE KSZTAŁCENIA POLITYCZNEGO W SZWAJCARII

94%

Depczyńska P.

Polityka i Społeczeństwo

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2019

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issue 2(17)

34-49 (16)

EN

The article presents selected political determinants such as neutrality or federalism of political education in Switzerland, specifically taking into consideration their role in building democracy as well as identity and the development of civic competences. This paper also outlines the terminological problems in civic education from the Polish and German language perspective and the institutional and legal determinants used in political education. The conclusions drawn from the analysis can be useful in social studies or in the implementation of innovative system solutions in civic education.

12

SYSTEM OCHRONY ZDROWIA W SZWAJCARII – DOŚWIADCZENIA I REKOMENDACJE DLA POLSKI

94%

Figura J.

Polityka i Społeczeństwo

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2016

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issue 3(14)

144-160 (17)

EN

The article pertains to the subject of health policy. The paper examines in detail one of the best health systems in the world, which operates in Switzerland. The aim of the article is a detailed presentation of the functioning of the health system in Switzerland, according to selected criteria. The article was developed based on the study of literature (both national and international positions). The health model adopted and implemented in Switzerland has its advantages and disadvantages. The success of the health system in Switzerland is determined by, among other factors, the operation of many competing companies offering health insurance, broad and at the same time socially acceptable patient co-payment and the development of large-scale private health insurance and high "saturation" of medical personnel within the health system. Concrete proposals to im-prove the situation in the Polish health care system were indicated, based on the rich experience of the Swiss health system. The solutions adopted in the Swiss health care system should provide inspiration for all decision-makers in Poland.

13

O pragmatyzmie językowym w Szwajcarii w kontekście języka angielskiego: perspektywa makro-socjolingwistyczna

94%

Stępkowska A.

Linguistica Copernicana

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2013

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issue 1(9)

291-304

EN

By adopting the macrolevel approach of both social and linguistic analysis, I intend to explore the problem of language attitudes and language choice at the interface of society and language. The issues connected with language behaviour, i.e. attitudes and reactions of the Swiss towards English, now seem to be ripe for a more detailed study. To this end I have carried out a research that examines the use of English in Switzerland from a multilingual perspective based on a corpus of 400 interviews collected in the German speaking canton of Zurich.

14

Die Stellung Österreichs und der Schweiz zur Schaffung des Europäischen Binnenmarktes eine Vergleichende Analyse

94%

Tomczyk M.

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2016

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vol. 18

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issue 1

53-70

EN

This article examines, in a comparative perspective, the integration policy of the two, in many respects, very similar, neutral states, with particular emphasis on the period after the signing of the Single European Act. Despite the converging political and economic objectives, the decisions of both countries were determined by different economic and political conditions. For Austria, the integration processes were perceived as an important step, towards reconstruction of the economy, the abolition of trade barriers with the most important economic partner. In political terms integration – enhanced Austria’s position within European Community. Unlike the Austrian Government, the authorities in Bern have acted under much more polarized conditions. Neutrality played still very important role in its international policies and the social fears connected mostly to the loss of political and economic independence were vivid. The Swiss authorities were thus forced to choose the bilateral path, which was not preferred by EU countries, but more socially acceptable, and therefore easier to implement.

15

Citizens’ initiatives in Switzerland

84%

Rachwał M.

Przegląd Politologiczny

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2014

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issue 3

33-43

PL

Celem niniejszego artykułu było ustalenie roli, jaką pełni inicjatywa ludowa w systemie politycznym Szwajcarii. Inicjatywę ludową (obywatelską) możemy zdefiniować jako procedurę, która umożliwia obywatelom przedstawienie swoich propozycji ustawodawczych (konstytucyjnych) poprzez zgromadzenie wymaganej liczby podpisów pod wnioskiem. Inicjatywa ludowa w Szwajcarii pozwala grupom obywateli złożyć propozycje w zakresie zmiany konstytucji. Należy podkreślić, iż na poziomie federacji nie funkcjonuje inicjatywa w zakresie ustawodawstwa zwykłego. Spośród 174 inicjatyw ludowych, które zostały poddane pod głosowanie w referendum, do roku 2010 jedynie 18 (10%) zyskało aprobatę większości. Pozostałe wnioski odrzucono. Inicjatywy są zgłaszane z różnorodnych powodów. Elementem wspólnym jest efekt tworzenia programu politycznego. Partie polityczne oraz grupy interesu podejmują inicjatywy także z powodów strategicznych. W Szwajcarii instytucje demokracji bezpośredniej (w tym inicjatywa ludowa) odgrywają istotną rolę, zarówno w zakresie częstotliwości stosowania, jak i pod względem wywieranego wpływu, w systemie politycznym ukształtowanym przez politykę porozumienia i dość stabilny system partyjny.

EN

The aim of this study is to determine the role of popular initiative in the political system of Switzerland. The term ‘popular’, or ‘citizens’ initiatives’ refers to the procedures that allow citizens to bring new issues to the political agenda through collective action, that is, through collecting a certain number of signatures in support of a policy proposal. Citizens’ initiative in Switzerland allows for any group outside parliament to put a proposal on the table. The proposal has to suggest a constitutional amendment. Changes to laws or any other government regulations cannot be the subject of a popular initiative at national level in Switzerland. Of the 174 initiatives that have made it to the polls, only 18 (10 per cent) had been approved prior to 2010, all the others were rejected. Initiatives are launched for numerous reasons. The agenda-setting effect is relevant for all initiatives. Parties and interest groups also launch initiatives for more strategic reasons. In Switzerland the institutions of direct democracy, including the popular initiative on constitutional amendments, play a most prominent role, both in terms of frequency and in terms of impact, in a political system shaped by consensus politics and a rather stable party system.

16

The Swiss model of federalism. Some lessons for the European Union

84%

Nitszke A.

Przegląd Politologiczny

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2014

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issue 3

19-31

PL

Zasada federalizmu w Szwajcarii rozwijała się przez wieki. Był to proces, który nie zawsze przebiega ł w sposób pokojowy. Stworzenie szwajcarskiej państwowości wymagało pogodzenia różnych grup i interesów. Dzisiejsze rozwiązania federalne w Szwajcarii umożliwiają pokojowe współistnienie różnych grup językowych i religijnych. Kolejnym wyzwaniem było pogodzenie interesów bogatych i biednych kantonów. Poznanie mechanizmów federalizmu szwajcarskiego może stanowić wskazówkę dla dalszej integracji w ramach Unii Europejskiej, która pod wieloma względami przypomina Szwajcarię.

EN

The federal principle in Switzerland has been developing for centuries. It was a process that has not always proceeded in a peaceful manner. The creation of Swiss statehood required reconciling different groups and interests. Today’s federal solutions in Switzerland allow for the peaceful co-existence of different language and religious groups. Another challenge is to reconcile the interests of wealthy and poor cantons. Understanding how this happened can provide guidance for further integration within the European Union, which in many aspects might be compared to Switzerland.

17

Going Their Own Way? The Swiss Ethnology in the 19th and the First Half of the 20th Century

83%

Woitsch J.

Národopisná revue (Journal of Ethnology)

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2019

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vol. 29

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issue 1

15 - 29

EN

The article submits a chronologically explained development of the Swiss ethnology with an emphasis on the development in the 19th century through the 1960s, whereby the interest in cultural diversity as well as that defined in other ways in older periods is partially included as a theme. Great attention is paid to key personalities in the history of the Swiss ethnology, in particular to Eduard HoffmannKrayer and Richard Weiss, and to how they influenced the theoretical and methodological as well as thematic shifts in the orientation of the discipline. Further significant persons and important works of the Swiss ethnology are mentioned as well, and the institutional basis of the discipline is described. The author presents the Swiss ethnology as quite a peculiar and progressive research discourse. This was formed under a strong influence of the German Volkskunde, but evolving in a country featuring a specifically multiethnic composition of the population, a significantly different historical development, as compared to Germany, and special, even extreme natural and geographical conditions that contributed to the survival of many archaic elements of the socalled folk culture until the 20th century.

18

Funkcjonalność i dysfunkcyjność szwajcarskiego systemu demokracji bezpośredniej

83%

Matyja M.

Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne

|

2014

|

issue 2(8)

31-48

EN

Human communities are looking for the best organization of the political system, which will allow them to build a comfortable life and to secure the future. Today, the majority of the societies is in favor of democracy. Very unusual, unique democracy is the Swiss democracy. The direct democracy in the Swiss Confederation, and the influence of citizens on the political system is the subject of this article, which presents the phenomenon of direct democracy in Switzerland with a focus on functionality and dysfunctionality of the Swiss political system.

19

Wpływ elit politycznych na integrację mniejszości muzułmańskiej w szwajcarskim społeczeństwie równoległym

83%

Matyja M.

Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne

|

2014

|

issue 2(8)

185-202

EN

In Switzerland there is a parallel society made up of Muslims unwilling to integrate into the society of the country of residence, preferring Muslim law (Sharia) and – for various reasons – closing on their own „world“. This leads directly to the formation of a parallel society, whose functioning can not be reconciled for long term with democratic principles and with the tolerance of religious. For Switzerland, this is a new socio-political situation, additionally difficult because of the decentralized federalism and the direct democracy system in this country. The political elites in Switzerland are blocking political rights of the muslim.

20

Polityka Szwajcarii wobec Unii Europejskiej

83%

Żejmo M.

Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie

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2014

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vol. 19

144-165

EN

Despite the fact that Switzerland does not formally belong to the European Union, it has always been strongly associated with the above organization at various levels. At first, after World War II, the contact was established with considerable caution which resulted from economic and trade contacts of Swiss government with Germany and Italy maintained during the war. First international contracts were related to the economic sphere and later on expanded by addressing the sphere of social issues such as legal system, culture, charity, science and education. At present, due to bilateral agreements, Switzerland has been integrated with the European Union even more than its newest Member States, i.e. Bulgaria, Romania and Croatia, which confirms the significant flexibility of this Community as well as its great possibility to adapt to each of its Members. According to the Swiss, the greatest obstacle preventing this country from joining the EU is the upholding principle of eternal neutrality, although the importance of which has decreased over the years, it has been deeply rooted in Swiss mentality. Moreover, another factor preventing Switzerland from joining the EU is its strong economy as Swiss membership would result in the need to pay relatively higher contributions than that of other Member States of the Community. Although the contacts between the EU and Switzerland have been significantly intensified, the prospect of membership still seems relatively remote, all the more as bilateral agreements as well as participation in the Schengen area since 2008 make both parties satisfied and for now none of them intends to seek new solutions.

Refine search results

The migration policy of Switzerland

Alpy w twórczości Hedwig Couhrts-Mahler

Measuring Innovation in Mountain Destinations

Language Policy in Switzerland

Mniejszości narodowe w ramach szwajcarskiego systemu politycznego

Wpływ elit politycznych na integracje mniejszości muzułmańskiej w szwajcarskim społeczeństwie równoległym

Polish-Swiss Cooperation among International Organizations

Planowany Anschluss Szwajcarii w czasie drugiej wojny światowej

Is Electronic Voting a Panacea for Low Election Turnout? Examples of Estonian e-Elections and Swiss e-Referendums

Afera Grimma-Hoffmanna. Szwajcarski przypadek samowolnej misji parlamentarzysty w polityce zagranicznej

DEMOKRACJA BEZPOŚREDNIA, FEDERALIZM I NEUTRALNOŚĆ JAKO WYBRANE UWARUNKOWANIA SYSTEMOWE KSZTAŁCENIA POLITYCZNEGO W SZWAJCARII

SYSTEM OCHRONY ZDROWIA W SZWAJCARII – DOŚWIADCZENIA I REKOMENDACJE DLA POLSKI

O pragmatyzmie językowym w Szwajcarii w kontekście języka angielskiego: perspektywa makro-socjolingwistyczna

Die Stellung Österreichs und der Schweiz zur Schaffung des Europäischen Binnenmarktes eine Vergleichende Analyse