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EN
In this paper, the traditional Syriac Anaphora of St. James is described in its current form. Numerous Greek borrowings are present in the Syriac text of the Anaphora, testifying to the long-term contact of the Syriac language with the Greek. Some of the Greek words became known in Syriac before the Christian era, and they can be found in other dialects of Aramaic. Some were borrowed when the Assyrians embraced Christianity, and are kept traditionally alongside the Syriac words still used in the Liturgy. Some words were later incorporated into the Anaphora of St. James, who certainly had never used them.
EN
In the paper, one of the oldest Syriac Anaphora of St. James was analyzed in its present form. Numerous words and phrases related to God’s mercy are compared to those used in modern Jewish prayers. Even though Jewish and Christian prayer traditions split long ago, there are still too many common details. Jews and Christians use even similar phrases seeking God’s mercy. This is particularly observable in the case of phrases related to atonement and sins, where Syriac Anaphora uses typical Jewish terms absent in the Western tradition represented by the Roman Catholic Church. The similar understanding and similar lexical forms in the living prayer tradition known to every religious Jew and Christian are emphasized.
EN
The Odes of Solomon are a most ancient pearl of christian poetry, as their text stems from the beginning of the second century AD. The text of these hymns is preserved first of all in Syriac, with fragments also in Coptic, Greek and Latin. Until now only a small number of the forty-two odes have been translated into Polish from these original languages. More translations have been executed from other modern languages, but never for the entire text. This paper introduces basic questions concerning the Odes of Solomon, presenting an up-to-date bibliography on the topic and offers a translation of five odes, never before translated from Syriac into Polish, with a brief textual commentary. This work announces a publication (inpreparation) of the whole collection of the Odes of Solomon in Polish.
EN
This paper gathers together evidence that the Manichaean cosmogony was originally based on a trinitarian structure (Father, Mother, Child). This basic triad was subsequently expanded into various hypostases as the Manichaean myth evolved over time and across linguistic contexts.
Vox Patrum
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2020
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vol. 75
605-630
EN
Mowa Przeciwko Żydom, którzy mówią, że na nowo zostaną zgromadzeni jest dziewiętnastym wykładem w całej kolekcji Afrahata. Mędrzec perski kontynuuje i rozwija polemikę z nauczaniem judaizmu i rabinów babilońskiej diaspory. Pers podważa przekonanie Żydów oparte na prorockich obietnicach o ponownym zgromadzeniu Izraela i dowodzi fałszu ich interpretacji. Bóg odrzucił swój Naród Wybrany. Prorockie zapowiedzi odbudowy Izraela wypełnione zostały ostatecznie w powrocie z niewoli babilońskiej. Uprzywilejowaną postacią w antyżydowskiej argumentacji Persa jest prorok Daniel. Jego wizje wypełniły się w Jezusie Chrystusie i w zniszczeniu Jeruzalem, które nigdy już nie zostanie odbudowane.  
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2020
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vol. 10
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issue 3
457-473
IT
Is it necessary to refer literally to all the words in order to translate a text faithfully? The ancient Syriac-speaking church already lived this dilemma. In no ancient language can we have access to a series of translations from different centuries in order to follow the diachronic development of the translation technique so closely. This paper presents for the first time to a Polish reader the process of transformation of the New Testament translations into Syriac from reader-oriented to source-oriented type. Contemporary categories of dynamic and formal equivalence help us to describe the characteristic features of particular translations, in which different assumptions and goals lead to a new reception of the text. The translation technique is analyzed on the example of John 3:1.2.16.17 in three Syriac translations from different epochs: Vetus Syra, Peshitta, Harklean. A broader supplementary bibliography on the topics discussed is also presented.
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