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Novelty responses of harvesting ants: facts, hypotheses and open questions

100%
Godzinska E. J.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
|
2004
|
vol. 35
|
issue 2
77-90
EN
The paper discusses selected experimental data on behavioural patterns shown by the harvesting ants in response to novel objects, and on behavioural modifications taking place during the process of their familiarization with novel seeds and other objects. Stress is laid on the role of individual experience, dietary history of the colony and innate factors in determining the responses of these ants to seeds. Familiarization with novel objects is also discussed in terms of learning, transient memory, behavioural flexibility, and switching from excited high-tempo behaviour triggered by novel objects to calm low-tempo behaviour observed in familiar situations. Some hypotheses concerning the evolution of behavioural patterns employed by the ants when seizing and transporting various food and nonfood items are also discussed.
2

SENSORY SENSITIVITY AS A DIMENSION OF TEMPERAMENT AND PERCEPTION OF VISUAL AND AUDITORY STIMULATION

100%
Kantor-Martynuska J., Szymura B.
Psychological Studies
|
2007
|
vol. 45
|
issue 2
71-84
EN
The study explored the relationship of sensory sensitivity (SS) with the perceived loudness of music and the preferred intensity of visual images. Perceived loudness was studied with the techniques of magnitude production, magnitude estimation, and cross-modal matching. Preferred intensity of visual images was measured in the tasks of emotional, cognitive, and preferential assessment of the visual material. No relationship between SS and the preferred or estimated loudness of music was found. Moreover, SS did not seem related to the absolute auditory threshold. However, preferences for the intensity of the visual stimuli varied as a function of SS. High SS scorers preferred images with less satiated color, unclear contour, and which evoked no illusion of movement. The negative relationship of SS with the preferred intensity of images suggests that low and high SS scorers vary in their need for stimulation. Lack of association of SS with the perceived loudness of music may be due to the fact that the auditory modality is insufficiently represented in the FCB-TI, a questionnaire measure of SS we used. The scale should be revised considering sensitivity to the acoustic stimuli.
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