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EN
The Arabic language was lauded in Poland as early as 1844 by M.D. Theodore Tripplin (1812?–1881) in his book entitled Wspomnienia z podróży (Memoirs of Journeys). Tripplin was a Polish physician and writer who visited many oriental countries during his numerous journeys. He learnt Classical Arabic and Maghrebi Arabic in Morocco (1843). Later he travelled to and lived in Turkey (1859), Palestine (1859, 1873–1875), Egypt (1859) and Algeria (1843, 1859). In his praise of the Arabic language, Tripplin explains that it is ‘a beautiful and comprehensible language’ (Pol. piękny, zrozumiały język) and he believes that everybody should learn Arabic, as it is not possible to appreciate the Arabs and their culture without the knowledge of their mother tongue.
EN
The article aims to analyse the dilogy Lunatyka podróż po Księżycu (A Sleepwalker’s Journey around the Moon) in terms of science fiction genre determinants present therein. Mikołajczuk verifies whether the stories about Serafin Boliński, considered as one of the very first Polish science fiction text, are legitimately treated as such. In this aspect a so-called embryonic stage of a foundational piece of work plays a crucial role as this novel is not a typical representative of science fiction. Many fictional and nonfictional elements of Lunatyka podróż po Księżycu may disqualify it from this genre. Presenting the origins of science fiction in the worldwide literature and its definition allows to indicate a moment when this genre appeared in the Polish history of literatury and how it evolved in due course. The second part of the article discusses crucial science fiction genre features that can be found in Tripplin’s dylogy. Based on them, Mikołajczuk strives to prove that Tripplin’s work ought to be included in Polish science fiction canon as it employs a number of distinguishable science fiction tropes.
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2022
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vol. Special Issue
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issue 17
45-56
EN
In this paper the author analyses Teodor Tripplin’s Wspomnienia z podróży from the perspective of animal studies. The book is a travel memoir containing elements of fiction and it was published in the 19th century. Beginning with an introduction to the situation of animals in that time, the author of the article moves away from the protagonist and his human companions and instead focuses on their perception of the animals they encounter while traveling across European and African countries. There is a clear division between those animals that are close to humans, classified as “intelligent” (like dogs), and wild animals, which are divided into four categories: food, fur, entertainment and danger. The author often attributes human characteristics to dangerous animals in order to “prove” their real nature to the reader. Wild animals should be killed or tamed, while the purpose of companion animals establishes their usefulness to humans. There are tropes of speciesism and examples of the use of animals, not only in practice (physical labor) but also in symbolism and language, including stereotypically common terms and phraseological patterns. The purpose of this article is to analyze Tripplin’s works in order to illustrate how the traveler viewed and described animals and how this relates to the history of the formation of animal rights.
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