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Identyfikacja organizacji pozarządowych w sferze transportu na terenie Zjednoczonego Królestwa

100%
Lubieniecka-Kocoń K.
Studia Ekonomiczne
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2014
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vol. 165
77-85
EN
The article shortly presents the nongovernmental organizations focusing on transport area and acting in the United Kingdom. There were identified 182 organizations of such kind in that country; there were specified such notions, as their structure, acting range, main targets, as well as the forms of coordination with authorities and with each other. The second part of the article consists of several examples of the NGOs that deal with the most typically found range of activities as well as of those which deal with the least common ones.
2
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Badania porównawcze zachowań organizacji pozarządowych i przedsiębiorstw użyteczności publicznej działających na względnie zrównoważonym rynku transportowym

84%
Majecka B.
Studia Ekonomiczne
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2014
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vol. 165
94-102
EN
Transport market joins suppliers of carriage and consumers of these services. However, it does not always function according to the terms of classic market competition, as there are subject on the market which function on special principles and have extraordinary needs and as such require a specific treatment. Both non-government organisations (NGO) and public services which perform transport orders belong in that group. Social expectations forces these organisations to behave in a certain way, which can be a subject to either theoretical or practical research. The transport market itself and its characteristics should be studied as well, for the conditions in which the transportation orders are carried out determines their success rate and quality. A moderately balanced transport market is such a market in which all the specific objectives can be fulfilled. The point of the research on behaviour of NGOs and public services on the moderately balanced transport market is to indicate the areas of convergence and diversification of the actions of the subjects. Comparative research of behaviour shows vast similarities, nonetheless the different basis of functioning immensely differentiates their market attitude. The comparative analysis as an essential method of research also allows specification of roles, which both groups of subjects have on the moderately balanced transport market. Public services behave in a way, which is typical of dominant downmarket collective public transport operators. However, NGOs market behaviour generates value added in the form of creation a special transport offer for groups which demand public assistance. Hence, the wide spectrum of behaviour, which allows to verify hitherto existing models of economic stratification of enterprises.
3
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Wykorzystanie wybranych modeli analizy finansowej dla oceny możliwości aktywizowania się organizacji pozarządowych w sektorze transportu

84%
Krajewsk M.
Studia Ekonomiczne
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2014
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vol. 165
38-46
EN
Abstract model and the Du Pont Model MK indicate the reasons affecting the rate of return on capital, and hence the profitability, which is in the area of interest to non-governmental organizations, in terms of productivity costs. Return on equity (ROF) in conjunction with the liquidity they hold is the basis for decision. This in turn issue is inextricably connected with the elaboration of optimal decisions that have a significant impact on the satisfaction of social needs, and that as a consequence an increase in the production of transport services.
4
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Aktywność organizacji pozarządowych wobec wymogów sprawności działania sektora biznesowego transportu

84%
Krupska J.
Studia Ekonomiczne
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2014
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vol. 165
47-56
EN
The activities of the business sector freight transportation is the process of production as a result of which a product called the transport service is formed. Considering the degree of entities involvement in performing of the transport service, transport services can be exist on the market as: - transport operators who offers transport services based on fixed contracts, - carriers, performing irregular under the contract transport service - forwarding agents, who organize the process of cargo's movement. These entities operate in a market economy, they need to determine the purpose of their activity. It is recognized that the main aim of the company, which is operating in the business sector, is striving to increase its value. These companies are guided by economic premises and are defined as for-profit entities. They are the opposite of non-governmental organizations which are non-profit-oriented, and are carried out in order to provide important social needs. The main forms of non-governmental organizations, recognized by the legislature, are foundations and associations. Their efficiency is characterized by relative cheapness and commitment - through volunteering - of some people who participate in it. This raises the issue, what are the roles of the third sector organizations to advanced forms of business operation on the transport market. NGOs in particular are not able to compete with the efficiency of pro-profit sector's management. Their activity can take the form of complementary activities. In the freight transportation market NGOs can take specialized functions as forwarding agents offering special freight's transport or socially incidental movement. This is due to the fact that freight transport market is also characterized highly customized and unique cyclically needs. Their performance requires original channels' creation. However, since the value of these services is relatively low, transport operators and forwarding agents, are not existed in a sustainable way on this market. NGOs can operate as organizers. Absolute condition, for the possibility of the tasks' realization in the fright transportation market is a NGOs activities' constant budget financing. Therefore, there is an absolute need to anticipate the roles of such units in various sizes transport development policy.
5
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Dostępność transportowa regionu turystycznego w świetle badań ankietowych

84%
Milewski D.
Studia Ekonomiczne
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2013
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vol. 143
271-279
EN
The primary purpose of this paper is an evaluation of transport accessibility of the tourist region, with the example of the West Pomeranian Province, as an essential element exerting an influence on the development of the tourist movement in this region. The secondary purpose is an evaluation of the importance of factors which influence the choice of a given transport medium by tourists (e.g. cost, time, safety and comfort of travel, punctuality, possibility to take additional luggage), as well as an evaluation of travel conditions in the case of persons traveling with their own vehicle (e.g. road signalization, availability of gas stations, parking spaces and roadside restaurants, traffic and bad weather occurrences). The realization of the above-mentioned research goals was achieved on the basis of results of a conducted survey.
6
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Dostępność usług transportowych jako kryterium oceny publicznego regionalnego systemu transportowego

84%
Kwarciński T.
Studia Ekonomiczne
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2013
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vol. 143
230-236
EN
Transport accessibility can be considered as one of the assessment measure of transport. It should be stressed that its measurement is based on the analysis of transport infrastructure. The general thesis can be accepted which assumes that improving accessibility is conditioned by the development, expansion or modernization of transport infrastructure. In the analysis associated with the transport accessibility is the concept of accessibility of transport services and communication accessibility. It must be admitted that the analysis of these concepts is not as widely regarded in the literature as the general problem of transport accessibility. Accessibility of transport services is conditioned by an area of gravity, cohesion, transport system, number of transport points, transport suprastructure and organization of the carriage process.
7

Miejsce Unii Europejskiej oraz Polski w międzynarodowym obrocie usługami

67%
Kłosiński K. A.
Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician
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2009
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issue nr 7
75-85
XX
Przedstawiono analizę światowej wymiany usług, na podstawie raportu International Trade Statistics 2008 Światowej Organizacji Handlu, z czego wynika jednoznacznie pierwszoplanowa rola UE-27 zarówno w eksporcie, jak i w imporcie. Dane zawierają obroty zarówno "extra", czyli z krajami spoza UE, jak i "intra", czyli koszty wewnętrzne między krajami UE. Dobitnym przejawem dominacji UE-27 na światowym rynku usług handlowych jest fakt, że wśród czterdziestki czołowych eksporterów usług handlowych na świecie aż 18 to kraje Unii (w tym Polska). Pozycja pierwszego importera usług handlowych w świecie jest widoczna we wszystkich trzech rodzajach usług: w usługach transportowych, w usługach podróżniczych i innych (łączności, budowlanych, ubezpieczeniowych, finansowych, komputerowych, informatycznych, honorariach i opłatach licencyjnych, innych usługach biznesowych, personalnych, kulturalnych, rekreacyjnych, rządowych itp.). Przedstawiono szczegółowo wielkość eksportu oraz strukturę rodzajową innych usług biznesowych (prawa, księgowości, zarządzania, public relations, reklamy, badań marketingowych, badanie opinii publicznej, R & D, architektonicznych, inżynieryjnych).
EN
The study, based on the World Trade Organisation's statistics, confirms the position of the European Union (27) as a leader in international service turnover and that of Poland as a net service exporter. Furthermore, main export and import directions of EU commercial services as well as the group position in the world export of modern services (legal, accounting, managing, public relations, advertising, marketing survey, public opinion survey, R&D, architectural, engineering) are discussed in the article.(oryginl abstract)
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Usługi w krajach Unii Europejskiej

67%
Kłosiński K. A.
Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician
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2003
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issue nr 3
67-78
XX
Sektor usług dominuje w wytwarzaniu bogactwa narodowego oraz w absorpcji siły roboczej w krajach Unii Europejskiej. Przedstawiono stan i tendencje rozwoju w takich dziedzinach usług jak: usługi biznesowe, transportowe, finansowe, turystyczne.
EN
The article presents in a synthetic way importance of the sector of services in the economy of the European Union, through pointing out to its high share in creation of the value added, in absorption of manpower (although it plays a neutral role in resolution of unemployment problems), and in the international exchange. The article also points out to the state and directions of development in the selected spheres of services in the European Union (in business services, in transport, financial services and in tourism). (original abstract)
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