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The article describes the hidden political content of the novel Snow (in Turkish: Kar) written by the Nobel winner Orhan Pamuk. Snow is analyzed in terms of tensions between artistic abstraction and realism.
PL
Próba odwrócenia politycznej „życiowej treści” powieści Śnieg (tur. Kar) tureckiego noblisty Orhana Pamuka z artystycznej abstrakcji do rzeczywistości.
EN
Murat Özyaşar (born in 1979) is one of the most promising names in contemporary Turkish literature. He has published two collections of short stories, honoured with prestigious awards. This article focuses on his exquisite short story Kalan (The Rest) from the 2015 collection entitled Sarı Kahkaha (Yellow Laughter). The story of a girl, who wants to uncover her grandmother’s secret related to the death of her husband, is hidden behind a postmodern narrative – her search resembles a mystery to be solved. The girl finally learns the painful truth, although nothing is stated explicitly and only a reader familiar with the history of the Kurdish nation will find references to the Dersim rebellion in 1937–38. Sarı Kahkaha has been translated into French, Czech, Kurdish and Persian, as well as some stories into English, German and Italian too, and is expected to be published in several Balkan countries. The tremendous interest shown by foreign readers arises a question about the necessity and the feasibility of making a comparative reading of this text. This article is an attempt to analyse the story Kalan and reflect on the borders of literary universality.
EN
This paper provides an account of the infatuation, common amongst young Turkish intellectuals of the 1920s, with Mustafa Kemal, the future Atatürk, ‘Father of the Turks’, by examining the career of Yakup Kadri Karaosmanoğlu between 1908 and the late 1930s. In order to explain Karaosmanoǧlu’s complete turnaround in his understanding of both art and life-style, provoked by his encounter with the powerful figure of the ‘Saviour of the nation’, this contribution investigates the emasculating and infantilising effects of the long process of Ottoman modernisation imposed upon the empire’s Muslim community by the Sultan, traditionally perceived as an imaginary father figure for the faithful, charged with safeguarding the right order of things as prescribed by God. The very fact that the Sultan himself acted as the driving force of the modernisation process deeply troubled the community of the faithful because, in their eyes, this process implied the Sultan’s abdication of his traditional duty as a father figure. In his literary production, memoirs, and political engagement, Karaosmanoğlu provides important clues for understanding the effects of these dynamics in the construction of male subjectivity and of power relations in this fundamental period of Turkish history.
EN
This article is dedicated to the problems of new Azerbaijani prose. Author analyzed problems of new Azerbaijani prose in the context of all Turkish literature. The features of Azerbaijani literature of XVII–XIX century are investigated through some of factors which touch nationality, religious, modernity. Examples of Azerbaijani writers’ works of art are given in the article. The human conception is more criticized in works of writers.
RU
Данная статья касается проблем новой азербайджанской прозы. Автор ана- лизировал проблемы этой прозы в отношении к целой турецкой литературе. Черты азербайджанской литературы XVII-XIX вв. изучались в отношении к вопросам национальности, религии и современности. В статье перечисле- ны фамилии азербайджанских авторов и примеры их творчества. Эта лите- ратурная концепция более критически описана в научных работах.
EN
The article is a reflection on the fictionalized essay Istanbul: Memories and the City by Orhan Pamuk, which is analyzed here in the context of the entire works of the Turkish Nobel Prize winner. All Pamuk’s novel are consistently maintained in the mood of nostalgia for the past, searching for the mystery, and their protagonist is the space of Istanbul. In this essay, the author defines the melancholy, to which he discursievely continually returns, as hüzün as a special kind of sadness appropriate for the Turkish culture. The purpose of this article is therefore to describe this phenomenon using comparative recognition, reflection on the experience of the past in contemporary historical culture, and also tools of humanistic geography. Hüzün then appears as a kind of melancholy of a place, but also as a special form of melancholic writing.
PL
Prezentowany artykuł jest refleksją nad fabularyzowanym esejem Orhana Pamuka Stambuł. Wspomnienia i miasto, analizowanym w kontekście całokształtu twórczości tureckiego noblisty. Wszystkie powieści Pamuka konsekwentnie utrzymane są w nastroju nostalgii za przeszłością, poszukiwania tajemnicy, a ich równoważnym bohaterem jest przestrzeń Stambułu. W omawianym eseju sam autor definiuje melancholię, do której wciąż dyskursywnie powraca, jako hüzün – szczególny rodzaj smutku właściwy dla tureckiej kultury. Celem powyższego artykułu staje się więc próba opisu tego zjawiska z wykorzystaniem ujęcia komparatystycznego, refleksji nad doświadczaniem przeszłości we współczesnej kulturze historycznej, a także narzędzi geografii humanistycznej. Hüzün jawi się wówczas jako rodzaj melancholii miejsca, ale również szczególna forma pisma melancholijnego.
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