W pierwszych latach naszej ery miasto Tyras pozostawało w sojuszu z królami trackimi. Około roku 46 n.e. zawarło sojusz z sarmackimi władcami Olbii, którzy byli sojusznikami Rzymu. W roku 56/57 n.e. miasto mogło otrzymać od Rzymu gwarancję swobody. Za czasów Flawiuszy w Tyras rozpoczęto emisję typowo prowincjonalnych monet, które mogą być przejawem „unii walutowej” z Cesarstwem Rzymskim. Bardzo możliwe, że w tym czasie obywatele Tyras otrzymali przywilej celny. Po wojnach dackich Trajana w Tyras ustanowiono rzymski garnizon. W II wieku, a najprawdopodobniej w czasach Hadriana, miasto zostało włączone do Mezji Dolnej. Około połowy III wieku z powodu trudnej sytuacji militarnej nad Dunajem rzymski garnizon został wycofany. W II połowie III wieku stała ze stałą obecnością Rzymian należy się liczyć tylko w południowej części Budżaku nad Dunajem. Tam też nasilił się handel z ludnością zamieszkującą Budżak kosztem dolnego Naddniestrza. W takich okolicznościach nastąpił upadek ekonomiczny tego regionu. Upadek kultury antycznej w dolnym Naddniestrzu i Budżaku nastąpił w wyniku najazdu Hunów w latach 375-376.
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In the early years AD the city of Tyras remained in an alliance with the Thracian kings. After 46 AD, and possibly slightly earlier, the city entered into an alliance with the Sarmatian rulers of Olbia, who are allies of Rome. In 56/57 AD Tyras could receive a guarantee of freedom from Rome. At the time of the Flavians Tyras began to strike coins typical for the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire. This could have been the result of a “monetary union”. It is possible that during this same period the city received a customs privilege. After the Dacian wars of Trajan a Roman garrison was established in Tyras. In the 2nd century, most probably during Hadrian’s reign, the city was incorporated into Lower Moesia. Around the middle of the third century, due to the difficult military situation on the Danube, the permanent garrison was withdrawn from Tyras. In the second half of the third century with the permanent presence of the Romans is confirmed only in the southern part of Boudjak, on the Danube. At the same time in those areas trade with the inhabitants of Boudjak increased at the cost of the Lower Dniester area. In such circumstances, the city declined economically. The collapse of ancient culture in this area should be connected with the invasion of the Huns in 375-376.
The following text has been devoted to the problem of incorporation of the Greek colony of Tyras, located not far away from the mouth of the river Tyras (Dniester) into the Pontus Euxinus (Black Sea), to the Roman Empire. Some scholars – among them Theodor Mommsen – were convinced that it happened in the middle of the 1. century AD or little later. There are, however, some historians who think that Tyras remained independent until its end in the late antiquity. Upon the analysis of the extant epigraphic sources, the author of the following article puts a hypothesis that Tyras was actually incorporated to the Roman province by the end of the 2. century AD. In his opinion it was the emperor Septimius Severus (ruled 193-211) who decided to enlarge the territory of the Empire in this part of the ancient oikumene. The incorporation of Tyras into the Roman Empire can bee seen as a part of the policy of the propagatio Imperii (the enlargement of the Empire) which was consistently carried out by Septimius Severus from the very beginning of his reign.
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