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AMBER - RARE RAW MATERIAL FROM PALAEOLITHIC SITES

100%
Beck C. W., Kaminská L., Marková K.
Sprawozdania Archeologiczne
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2009
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vol. 61
147-174
EN
The paper aims at presenting two nuggets of corroded amber found on Piestany site in Slovakia dated to the Upper Palaeolithic Gravettian culture. There are not further information about the context of their discovery. One can assume that migrating people could bring around amber together with Baltic flint from the Baltic Ice Lake shore, maybe with the aim to use it as amulet, concerning the exceptional qualities of the material. The published succinite nuggets from Moravany nad Váhom-Banka have increased rare European finds of fossil resins from the Palaeolithic period, whereby there was no evidence for gathering or using of amber in the Palaeolithic on the territory of Slovakia. Based on finds at Palaeolithic sites in other countries, amber begun to occur first in the form of gathered nuggets without traces of further working as early as at the beginning of the Upper Palaeolithic in the Aurignacian culture or later in the Gravettian culture. Much numerous finds (worked for personal ornaments or amulets as well as unworked pieces) occurred at the end of the Upper Palaeolithic (Magdalenian, Mezin culture) and in the Final Palaeolithic in cultures with shouldered tools (Hamburgian, Creswellian), backed tools (complex Federmesser) and with tanged tools (Ahrensburgian, Swiderian).
2

THE UPPER PALEOLITHIC SITE AT UJAZD (POLISH CARPATHIANS)

100%
Valde-Nowak P., Lanczont M., Pawlowska M.
Acta Archaeologica Carpathica
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2005
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vol. 40
5-26
EN
The site No. 6 in Ujazd, distr. Jaslo is situated on a narrow and flat, secondary, sub-parallel ridge with a nose protruding towards the Wisloka River valley. In summer 2005 archaeological excavations took place there. The discovered inventory, . Upper Palaeolithic in the character, is not large. Most of artefacts were found in the secondary position. Two pieces only (flakes) were recognised as finds in the loess-like sediments, which could be identified as a rest of cultural level. However, importance of this discovery cannot be ignored. In the whole Polish Carpathians the Upper Palaeolithic sites are extremely rare. According to the TL dating, the Ujazd site could be situated in the settlement horizon direct after LGM represented by Epigravettian sites at Cosautsi, layer V and IV, and Molodova V, layer 14. This assemblage confirm from the one side some elements typical for the Danube Epigravettian, and some implements more characteristic for the Molodova culture from the other.
3
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FIRST RESULTS OF USE-WEAR ANALYSIS OF THE LEAF POINTS FROM MORAVANY NAD VÁHOM-DLHÁ

88%
Pyżewicz K., Nemergut A.
Študijné zvesti
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2021
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vol. 68
|
issue suppl. 2
63 - 82
EN
In the last century, a big number of specific poplar-leaf shape points were obtained during the archaeological research at the Moravany nad Váhom-Dlhá. The assemblage contains numerous points of various sizes, methods of production at different stages of completion. The paper presents the results of use-wear analysis of the selected leaf points from Moravany nad Váhom-Dlhá. The study focuses on the relation between the morphology, raw material use, size of the points and the character of macroscopic and microscopic traces associated with their use and hafting, as well as the localization on the points. However, from the aspect of use-wear analysis, the collection is a bit problematic. It has been obtained a long time ago, mostly in 1943 and 1963. Instead of being packed separately, numerous leaf points were stored together only in few boxes. Many of them are damaged either by production, or as a result of post depositional processes, lowering the visibility of the original use-wear traces. First microscopic analysis indicates that these types of tools were probably used as hunting equipment.
4

NITRA I-CERMAN AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF THE GRAVETTIAN SETTLEMENT STRUCTURE IN SLOVAKIA (Nitra I-Cerman v ramci struktury osidlenia gravettienskej kultury na Slovensku)

75%
Kaminska L., Kozlowski J. K.
Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)
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2011
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vol. 59
|
issue 1
1-85
EN
Barta's excavations in the years 1959-1968 revealed multiple settlements at Nitra I-Cerman functioning during the Upper Gravettian. The finds were dated to the shouldered point horizon on the basis of typological structure of artefacts, their stratigraphic position in loess profiles as well as their dates: 14C - GRN-2449 = 22 860 ± 400 BP - a layer with archaeological finds on the base of upper loess; 14C - GRN-2456 = 24 220 ± 640 BP - humic horizon attributed to the 'Cerman oscillation'. The oldest settlement comes from the end of the formation of humic horizon, the next one is connected with its surface and two phases were situated in the lower part of the upper loess. Chipped artefacts and bones of reindeer, horse and mammoth were concentrated mostly around the hearths. Chipped stone industry is represented by assemblages with mostly burins, backed tools, among them shouldered points, microliths and retouched blades. End-scrapers, retouched truncations, perforators, truncated flakes, denticulated and notched tools are less numerous. Dominant raw materials are radiolarite (63.8%) limnosilicite (21.5%) and erratic flint (5.1%). Besides the sites of the shouldered point horizon in the Vah basin, Nitra I-Cerman is a significant settlement unit in the Nitra river basin. The connection of these two regions through the Jastrabske sedlo was the route of hunter groups looking for radiolarite sources in the vicinity of the Vlarsky priesmyk and farther for erratic flint in Silesia.
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