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EN
The article examines the prospects for the study of Ukrainian literature in the context ofarchetypal criticism. The rich spiritual symbolism of archetypes of the collective unconscious, asPersona and Shadow, Anima and Animus, Wise Old Man and a Great Mother, and specially theSelf, helps open new contents parameters in the analysis of religious and philosophical works. Inthis regard, attention is focused on appropriate archetypal motifs of Garden o f Divine Song ofGregory Skovoroda and the novel Double Leon of Yuri Izdryk.
EN
Vasyl Tkachuk (1916-1944) is a forgotten talent of the Ukrainian literature of the 1930s. Not so long ago this outstanding short-story writer was completely unknown to a wide range of readers. Today his memory is being laboriously restored. His artistic profile, personal features, and his surrounding’s attitude to the author may be described to readers thanks to the recent interviews with his close relatives and the residents of his home village and region. Memories of the people who met Vasyl Tkachuk or remember him from their relatives’ stories prove the writer’s exceptional nature and his writing career, which was stopped by his death.
XX
Figure of Dariya Vikonska (Karolina-Ivanna Fedorovych-Malytska, 1893–1945) – little known and one of the least studied in contemporary literary and art studies. Today her forgotten research and literary heritage is coming back into Ukrainian cultural society. She originated from princely family and was the daughter of Ukrainian aristocrat, Ambassador to the Austrian Parliament and Austrian actress. In the article there is represented family of Dariya Vikonska. Ukrainian princely family of the Fedorovych family spreaded all over the Europe creating its histoty, culture, economic development. Line, that was ended by Karolina-Ivanna Fedorovych-Malytska remained Ukrainian. Other lines dissolved in other national cultures (often Polish).
EN
The article deals with deconstruction of tragedies by J. Kozheniovski The Carpathians Mountaineers and by J. Fedkovych Dovbush in the reflection of peculiarity of Hucul’s psychology, multyculturalizm, identity, different, strange, postcolonializm studies. The comparison of works by J. Kozheniovski and J. Fedkovych is presented.
EN
In this article setting and literary decision of conflict, which appeared between war thinking and humanist thinking, are being traced through poetics, the character of development of literary- philosophic thought, which is directed to the defence of common to all mankind values, is determined.
EN
One of the most unusual events in the Ukrinian new wave literature is massive return women in it, which began in the end of 80-es. Among the most interesting writers there must be mentioned Oksana Zabuzhko, Svitlana Kasjanova, Jevhenia Kononenko, Sofia Majdanska, Valentyna Masterova, Halyna Pahutiak, Lubov Ponomarenko, Natalka Śniadanko and others. In the works of these authors, written from the femine and feministic position, as opposite to patriarchal-maskuline mentality, are deeply and convincingly considered the aspects of modern human exsistence: loneliness and alienation, loss of identity, lack of mutual understanding even among fellows and relatives, egoism and egocentism, various forms of physical and phsychological agression, and so on. Espacially great attention author of this article devotes to the analysis of chosen aspects of female identyty in the works of Zabuzhko (Field Exploration in Ukrainian Sex and others), Śniadanko (Collection of Pasions or Adventures ofYoung Ukrainian Lady), Kononenko (Without Fellow).
EN
The article is devoted to the archetypical analysis of the story I, Milena by modern Ukrainian writer Oksana Zabuzhko. Important motives of this text are interpreted in the context of analyticalpsychology by Carl Gustav Jung. There are archetypes of Person and Shadow, which are examined in more details. They play the great role in the process of the protagonist’s self-destruction.
EN
The article is devoted to the analysis of the genetic-intertextual kontext of this Zabuzhko’s tale, in wich writer does her artistic search. Zabuzhko uses the motives of Old and New Testament, the subjects of Ukrainian folklore and so on. Also the protagonists of this philosophical tale may be interpretated as the archetypes of the Shadow and of the Person (in the context of the psychology of depth by Carl Gustav Jung). The particular importance has the hidden polemic between Zabuzhko and Lina Kostenko.
EN
The interpretation of Vasyl′ Tkachuk’s stories from an ecocritical point of view showcases new aspects of understanding the prose legacy of this remarkable writer. Of course, the true love for the Hutsul region, one that the “proud” Hutsul people live in harmony with, one that, unlike in the works of Vasyl′ Stefanyk, is not only the cause of the Hutsul people’s extreme poverty but is sincerely loved and praised by them, is not the only merit of Tkachuk’s stories. Ecocritical dimensions of the “humble rural pictures, so touching to the core” ( Mykhaylo Rudnytskyi ) imply certain aspects of the critical literary analysis of Tkachuk’snovels, such as ethno national identity of the author and his characters, unbreakable unitywith the traditions of ancestors, apotheosis of the soil-one that not only feeds but is also responsible for the unique “national spirit” of the Carpathian highlanders, ecological awareness of the old Hutsul people and the philosophical layer of the literary legacy of the author.
EN
The interest of Polish scholars in literary works written in Ruthenian or in Polish language in the borderlands of the Commonwealth varied in different periods. By the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 1930s, Poland was rather focused on the construction of her new national state and the accentuation of her civilizational mission towards Eastern Slavic literature. After World War II, the new borders of the Polish state under Communist rule directed the attention of Polish scholars and cultural dealers toward a new national conception, whose goal was to eradicate the memory of the Commonwealth and to canalize the intellectual efforts towards “truly” Polish heritage, anti-German antagonism and politically correct ideologies. However, some groundbreaking works were written in the 1960s. Radical changes appeared after 1989. Publications multiplied exponentially in the 1990s and 2000s. Post-colonial studies emerged. In Polish scholarship and culture, two main trends may be indicated: on the one hand, the need to analyze the cultural, linguistic and literary specificities of the borderlands of Ukraine and Belarus in the Lithuanian Grand principality and in the Crown territories; on the other, the need to consider in a systemic approach all the components (Ruthenian, Polish, Lithuanian, Jewish, German) of society and culture of the Rzeczpospolita. The article focuses on the most interesting trends and publications of the periods indicated above.
EN
We have set the forming of the emotionally-valued perception of the environment by the students of basic and secondary school as a main component of methodology in education of careful attitude toward nature. The essence of this component is the transformation of internal emotional reactions in the external displays of positive and negative emotional attitudes toward an environment and its objects, which will appear in their further independent activity without external control. Forming of the emotionally-valued perception by growing peculiarity of environment on correction of its force and emotions’ depth, necessities, reasons and inner conditions in the process of study of Ukrainian literature with the aim of education of careful attitude toward nature. Indispensable condition of growing environment’s positive perception in the educational-educator process of general education is creation of unity with nature, sense of love through forming of aesthetic pleasure, sympathetic and desire to guard it. We determined such tasks as implementing stage of forming the emotionally-valued perception of environment by the students of basic and secondary school with the aim of developing in them careful attitude toward nature in the process of study of Ukrainian literature. They are set on activation of the emotionally-valued constituent of the environment growing peculiarity by means of fiction and development on this basis the personal conditions on co-operating with it aesthetic perception of the world, specially organized conversations and aesthetic situations, minutes of admiring nature, folklore. Study undertaken by us has witnessed the efficiency of the use of certain methods and approaches with the aim of forming of the students of basic and secondary school the emotionally-valued perception of nature as basis for building in them careful attitude toward nature.
12
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Vagaries of (Academic) Identity in Contemporary Fiction

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EN
Aim. The article attempts to look at question of academic identities through the prism the academic novel. This literary genre emerged in English and American literature in early 1950s and centers on the image of the professor. In Slavic literatures the genre of the academic novel appears roughly in early 1990s, which is directly connected with the change of the political order following the fall of the Berlin Wall and disbanding of the Soviet Union. Contemporary Ukrainian literature with its post-Soviet heritage presents a unique source for the study of academic discourse. Methods. An interdisciplinary approach which combines sociological investigation of academic identity (Henkel 2005) and hermeneutic literary analysis is used for this study. In this respect three novels from the contemporary Ukrainian literature – “University” (2007) and “Kaleidoscope” (2009) by Igor Yosypiv, and “Drosophila over a Volume of Kant” (2010) by Anatoliy Dnistrovyj – are chosen for analysis. Results. Analysis of the novels shows that the literary representation of academics’ lives goes in line with the sociological findings, which, in defining a successful academic, put a strong accent on a discipline and academic institution. The interpretation of Yosypiv’s novels about a Ukrainian nephrologist at the American Medical School suggests that protagonist’s academic success is rooted in the field of applied science as well as an American institution of higher education, while Dnistrovyj’s novel sees a failure of a philosophy professor in the crisis of the Humanities as survived in post-Soviet Ukraine. Conclusion. The given novels of Igor Yosypiv and Anatoliy Dnistrovyj show that in case of academic identity theme, the academic novels support sociological studies, i.e. the discipline (Applied Sciences and Humanities) as well as the university rank (American vs. post-Soviet) play a decisive role in scholars’ academic life. This in its turn proves that the academic novel, like in the time of its emergence in the 1950s, continues to be a literary chronicler of higher education.
PL
The release of the newest anthology of macabre short stories “Вбивство на вулиці...” (2019) affirmed the superb state of homebred horror literature. The aim of this paper is to analyze and evaluate the seventeen stories that form the aforementioned anthology. Analysis of the anthology has proven that despite a few creative shortcomings of young litterateurs, the “Вбивство на вулиці...” anthology maintains a high level of quality and deserves to be called a bestseller.
PL
The dystopian novel Kaharlyk (2014) by Oleh Shynkarenko, the action of which takes place in about 2144, depicts various kinds of wars and forms of armed struggle: the occupation of territories of Ukraine by the Russian army, Russian-Chinese nuclear war, guerrilla warfare, the local conflict for power, and ethnic antagonisms. The description of the post-apocalyptic reality Grey Zone gives the author an opportunity to reflect on the dangers of aggressive ideology: imperialism, religious fundamentalism and radical nationalism. The diagnosis of Ukrainian society presented is also alarming. Hence, the work can be seen as a warning novel. Similar elements can be found in many dystopias written recently in different countries. An analysis of examples from Russian and American cultures shows that criticism of the existing situation is often combined with an admonition of the phenomena that may arise from the dangerous trends of the present, including armed conflicts. Hence visions of future wars, among other things, serve as a tool of discreditation against the ruling political forces and propose an analysis of discourses responsible for driving those wars. Implemented in such way, the ideological function, the metadiscursive perspective and humanistic values of dystopia allow for it, in our opinion, to be included in the arsenal of measures designed to “create conditions that scare of war or limit its scope” (A. Toffler, H. Toffler). The totality of these measures was defined by Alvin and Heidi Toffler as “anti-war”.
EN
In the interwar period, Józef Łobodowski was one of the few who became interested in the work of Lesya Ukrainka. In the 1930s, he translated her drama Forest Song. Unfortunately, the war prevented its publication and the prepared materials were lost. Łobodowski’s translation output also included a fragment of the drama Boyarinya, which appeared in the 32nd Polish-Ukrainian Bulletin in 1938. It is worth emphasizing that Łobodowski proved to be known not only as a translator, but also as a literary critic. He has written a number of articles on Ukrainian literature. Among them, two of them, published in the “Polish-Ukrainian Bulletin”: Lesya Ukrainka and Works of Lesya Ukrainka (On the 25th Anniversary of Death – 1913-1938) in 1933 and 1938, respectively, deserve special attention. Th e discussed translation is largely an example of dynamic equivalence. In them, the translator draws attention to semantic adequacy, but does not give up the poeticisation of the text.
EN
The article presents the description of specific character of Polish and Ukrainian literature of romanticism - from one side him monocultural, but from the second - dialogism. Identically Polish romantic literature, as well as Ukrainian, gave advantage cultivation of own cultural, linguistic traditions, aspired to the recreation of own picture of the world, monofonism. But as a result of different type of geographical, political, administration, public factors there are processes of contacts and imposition of national cultural spheres, in that literary, created „boundary areas”, that is different commented through researchers. It were analysed concepts „boundary areas”, „dialogism”, „polyfonism” taken from a M. Backhtin’s esthetic and literary theory to interpretation of inheritance „Ukrainian school” in romantic Polish literature.
EN
The article shows the relationship between the mothers and the doughters in the context of the Antique-Christian antagonism. The conflict caused by the belonging of the women to the adverse cultures leads to the doughters’ death that bears signs of an adjourned miscarriage.
EN
The main subject of the review is Mykola Ilnytskyi’s book Reading and Re-reading…, which is very important research on Ukrainian literature in contemporary humanities. The book includes four chapters in all of which fundamental interests of the researcher are described. Mykola Ilnytskyi reviews the classic texts of Taras Shevchenko, Ivan Franko ( chapter 1 ), and the literature of the first part of the 20th century ( chapter 2 ), as well as contemporary texts ( chapters 3, 4 ). This book is not an extensive view of the history of literature of the 20th century. Its main peculiarity is the delivery of important fragments and episodes of literary history. The essays combine a liberal understanding of the subject and an unobtrusive interpretation of the texts, which reflects the unique ethical culture of the researcher. Mykola Ilnytskyi is clearly aware of the multiplicity of meanings offered byfiction, and therefore does not insist on his own right to the truth, but only offers well-founded and personally verified versions of literary plots.
EN
The article considers lexical and syntactic word formation based on works of Ukrainian literature. Hermeneutics is closely related to philology, but most often examines the text from the point of view of literary criticism. The linguistic aspect, namely the study of occasionalisms, is much less studied. Attention to Ukrainian culture is growing, and in this context it can be an interesting source of hermeneutic research. This article examines the most interesting examples of occasionalisms, which by their function and non-standard structure are divided into two types – a priori and a posteriori. The difference between coalescences (words formed in a lexical-syntactic way) and similar words and phenomena has also been clarified. Most of these words are related to holophrases, but in Ukrainian literature there are examples that we call a posteriori coalescences, they are formed according to individual authorial models and have almost no analogues in the texts of other writers. We hope that this study will be an important step in the study of Ukrainian language and literature in the world and will draw attention to Ukrainian culture – a culture with millennial traditions.
EN
“The Twelve” was the name of a group of Ukrainian littérateurs, active during the period of 1934 to 1939 in Lviv. The phenomenon of “Lviv’s youngest literary bohemians of the 1930s” (W. Gabor) was discovered relatively recently, which explains why despite a growing interest of researchers it remains obscure and undervalued in Ukrainian literary studies. Worthy of mention is the innovativeness of “The Twelve”, always avant-garde in their search for new forms of speech, both when it comes to urban prose (Anatol Kurdydyk, Zenon Tarnavsky, Bohdan Nyzhankivsky) and the prose about the villages (Vasil Tkachuk) as well as to the bohemianist style that the group exhibited. This paper is therefore an attempt to determine the extent of innovativeness (the avant- -garde solutions in both the functioning and literary legacy) of “The Twelve”.
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