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PL
For a growing group of voters the UKIP party ceases to be a second choice, and it becomes a main party. But, contrary to popular belief, its electoral success is only partly due to its Eurosceptic program. Its growing support is rather the result of disappointment in policies of the main parties and a sense of alienation of a growing social group, failing to find its way in a liberal, multicultural society. Note, however, that the UK electoral system rewards parties that have geographically concentrated support, yet in case of UKIP it is distributed fairly evenly. For this reason, even a significant popular support will translate only in a small degree into the seats in the House of Commons. UKIP electoral successes has forced the major political parties to modify their policies, which manifested mainly in radicalization of their programs in the area of immigration and asylum policy, as well as their attitude towards the UK’s membership in the European Union.
EN
The aim of the study is to analyse the programme of the United Kingdom Independence Party (UKIP), which created the Eurosceptic discourse in the UK in the 21st century. The main hypothesis of the study is that the party’s programme was based on three key foundations, not just Euroscepticism. The essential timeframe for the research was set for the period 2006-2016, although references to the earlier and later period of the party’s activity are occasionally included. The basis for the research was the examination of manifestos and other party documents, but also broadly understood activities of politicians, including statements of party leaders, taking into account their functions in gaining voters’ support. It was concluded that the party’s programme appeal was based on Euroscepticism, hostility to immigration and populist antielitism. The analysis was complemented by an indication of the special role of the European Parliament, avoidance of accusations of racism and a populist approach to security issues. It also presents an assessment of the position of UKIP in 2016-2019 as a return to the status of a marginal party whose further existence is unsure.
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