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1

PROSPECTIVE DIMENSION OF POPULATION AGEING AND POTENTIAL USE IN PENSION SECURITY IN THE V4 COUNTRIES

100%
Šídlo L., Šprocha B., Ďurček P.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
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2020
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vol. 68
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issue 6
601 – 621
EN
The main aim of the paper is to highlight the importance of remaining years of life in relation to demographic ageing. We use the V4 countries as our case study and analyse demographic ageing using the concept of prospective age and the relevant indicators to consider whether statutory retirement age should be readdressed given the rise in remaining life expectancy among seniors. The classic indicators show that ageing is increasing in the V4 countries. Using prospective indicators we can see that not only is the level of ageing significantly lower but that it is progressing more slowly, and in some cases reversing. The prospective approach could also be important in setting pension age as it reflects changes in life and the principle of equitability. Also the results show that the way how pension age is fixed in the V4 countries may pose a risk to the sustainability of pension systems.
2

ARE THE CONFIDENCE INDICATORS MEANINGFUL FOR FORECASTING REAL ECONOMY? TESTING POWER OF CONFIDENCE INDICATORS FOR INDUSTRY OUTPUT, PRICES AND EMPLOYMENT IN THE VISEGRÁD GROUP COUNTRIES

100%
Nežinský E., Baláž V.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
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2016
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vol. 64
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issue 10
923 – 936
EN
This paper examines predictive power of the confidence indicators for developments in industrial output, producer prices and employment in the Czech and Slovak Republics, Hungary, and Poland (V4 countries). The Granger Causality tests are used for establishing potential causation between the confidence indicators and real economy data. The best OLS models with autoregressive terms complemented by confidence indicators are selected and their predictive accuracy is tested against the ARMA benchmarks with the Diebold-Mariano test. All OLS models performed better than the naïve ones .We conclude that the actual CI variables seem to reflect future patterns of economic development in next 1 – 2 months, and not just opinions by economic agents based on current or past economic trajectories.
3
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KRAJNĚPRAVICOVÉ POLITICKÉ STRANY V ZEMÍCH V4: HISTORIE A SOUČASNOST

100%
Smolík J.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2013
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vol. 45
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issue 4
385 – 410
EN
This study aims to present the historical patterns for the contemporary extreme right and describe the current right-wing political parties in selected countries of Central Europe. For the purpose of this description states of the Visegrad Group (V4 hereafter), i.e. the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland and Hungary were selected. At the beginning, some basic terms will be defined, then the historical patterns for the current extreme right will be described and finally a description of particular political parties, interest groups and unregistered organizations, which can be assigned to the extreme right in the above described countries, will be provided. Of these structures the most important are political parties because they - among other functions – recruit political staff. The analysis focuses primarily on parliamentary and non-parliamentary political parties and movements. Obvious there are also some limitations of this text, which arise from the fact that the topic is quite extensive and the particular formations described here show a substantial dynamics. The text discusses especially political parties, which regularly take part in elections to national parliaments. The main aim of this study is to analyse influences of historical patterns of far-right in the countries of V4 and determine specific topics for contemporary far-right.
4

DO THE V4 COUNTRIES FOLLOW THE EUROPEAN DEFICIT? EVIDENCE OF TOBACCO TAXES

88%
David P.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
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2018
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vol. 66
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issue 3
250 – 267
EN
The average tax rate imposed on tobacco products in the European Union is insufficient if compared with the social costs of smoking, as has been proven by previous research. Does it also uniformly apply to the V4 countries, which are different from the rest of the EU in certain aspects? The conducted research has shown that the social deficit caused by smoking both in the V4 countries and in the EU on average was always in positive numbers during the years 2008 to 2015. This means that the tax imposed on tobacco products fails to cover the social costs of tobacco consumption. The social deficit per unit of manufactured tobacco in the V4 countries is lower than the average value of this indicator within the EU. The social deficit increased in the V4 countries apart from the Czech Republic during the examined period. Although the absolute social deficit as well as the social deficit per capita developed differently in the respective V4 countries, they also reached positive values. This may be legitimately deemed a failure of the state in the application of a remedial tax.
5

DIGITAL SERVICES TRADE BETWEEN CHINA AND V4 COUNTRIES – A STUDY OF TRADE COMPLEMENTARITY AND REGULATORY RESTRICTIVENESS

88%
Zheng X., Sun A.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
|
2023
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vol. 71
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issue 2
139 – 154
EN
Digital services trade has definitely played an important role in the innovation of the bilateral trade cooperation mechanism between China and the Visegrád Group (V4), but the complementarity of their bilateral digital services trade has been little studied. We examine the complementarity of V4 countries’ digital services trade with China, based on the UNCTAD classification of ICT- enabled services. The results show that the V4 countries have complementarity with China mainly in education services, intellectual property fees, architectural and engineering services. However, we also find that the regulatory heterogeneity of digital services between China and the V4 countries is negatively associated with their bilateral trade. Therefore, China and V4 countries should better enhance regulatory policy synergy for future trade cooperation in digital services.
6

EVALUATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH EFFICIENCY: CASE OF V4 COUNTRIES

75%
Lacko R., Markovič P., Šagátová S., Hajduová Z.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
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2020
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vol. 68
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issue 10
1040 – 1056
EN
The study deals with the topic of evaluation and comparison of environmental efficiency and efficiency of health care systems in the V4 countries during the period from 2009 to 2017. The uniqueness of this study lies in the comparison of two different types of efficiencies and in the selection of the object of research. The aim of this paper was to examine the possible relationship between environmental and health efficiency in the V4 countries and to reveal the common determinants of these efficiencies. We implemented the method of two-step Data envelopment analysis, in which, we determined the values of input CCR and BCC health and environmental efficiency in the first step and then in the second step, we used the method of truncated regression to verify the effects of selected determinants of computed efficiencies in V4 countries. Based on these analyses, we found that although there is no significant relationship between the values of health efficiency and environmental efficiency, some determinants significantly affect both types of efficiencies.
7

SYNCHRONIZÁCIA HOSPODÁRSKYCH CYKLOV KRAJÍN V4 A EUROZÓNY V ROKOCH 1996-2010

75%
Benčík M.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
|
2012
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vol. 60
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issue 1
3 – 18
EN
Business cycle synchronisation between V4 countries and the euro area is important in regard to the costs of the common monetary policy. This paper addresses the issue of business cycle synchronisation by directly calculating cross correlations, by calculating cross correlations from primary impulses, and finally by calculating output gap component correlations from common and country-specific shocks. In regard to the output gap, the results of all three methods are approximately the same: before 2001, the business cycles of V4 countries were not synchronised with the euro area (low or negative correlations); between 2001 and 2007, the correlations turned positive as V4 countries joined EU and trade between V4 countries and the euro area increased; and during the economic crisis of 2008 – 2009, synchronisation increased still further.
8

WHAT DOES EUROPEAN SOCIAL SURVEY DATA SAY ABOUT WORK-LIFE BALANCE SATISFACTION, WORKING TIME AND WORK ATTACHMENT IN V4 COUNTRIES?

75%
Fedáková D.
Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied
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2017
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vol. 20
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issue 4
-
EN
The growing importance of everyday work-life balance (WLB) focuses attention on a fair time distribution between the work, life and family domains. Despite the global perception of the crucial role work-life balance plays in everyday routine there are still cross-country differences in WLB satisfaction. The aim of this study was to examine cross-country differences and similarities among a group of four neighbouring European countries; the Visegrad group (V4) countries. More specifically the study aimed to describe the level, changes within rounds of data collection and between-group comparisons of selected ESS variables: WLB satisfaction, working time, and work attachment. The correlation analysis was applied to explain and understand relations between selected variables. The correlation analysis revealed significant negative relationships between WLB satisfaction and both working hours and work attachment in all V4 countries. The results show a similar pattern for Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. Czechia, with a significant between-round of WLB satisfaction increase, was the exception. There were almost no differences in level of satisfaction with work-life balance between respondents living with and without children across time in V4 countries. The comparative analysis revealed a difference between respondents with and without children at home when reporting work attachment. For a deeper understanding further analysis should be done in the future with the focus on time use patterns in the context of work and non-work activities with an emphasis on work and family values in the V4 countries.
9

INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN COMPLIANCE WITH COVID-19 CONTAINMENT MEASURES IN V4 COUNTRIES

75%
Kušnírová K., Kačmár P.
Studia Psychologica
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2022
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vol. 64
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issue 1
8 – 25
EN
The present study corroborates the role of personality in predicting adherence to containment measures in the Visegrád Four countries (Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia) with a total sample of N = 7463 participants. The Big-five traits predicted compliance both directly and indirectly, via concerns over coronavirus and trust in organizations. Openness, Conscientiousness, and Extraversion predicted compliance positively, while Neuroticism and Agreeableness negatively. Furthermore, the effect was mediated by corona concerns. Although Agreeableness, Neuroticism, Openness, and Conscientiousness predicted compliance negatively, the mediating role of trust was corroborated only for Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism and the effect size was smaller. The implications are that personality could be considered an important factor in compliant behaviour even in an “extreme” situation such as a pandemic, and that this effect is also indirect via concerns over coronavirus and trust in institutions (although to a much lesser degree). The findings might help practitioners tailor effective messages in times of pandemic.
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