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SCIENCE EDUCATION IN V4 COUNTRIES AND THE FORMATION OF SCIENTIFIC LITERACY

100%
IVANA R.
Scientific Bulletin of Chełm - Section of Pedagogy
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2016
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issue 1
143-155
EN
The article deals with the science education in V4 countries from the lowest levels of school to university preparation of students, including interest in science activities. The issue of the formation of scientific literacy is also discussed. In the final part of the article the most effective teaching methods appropriate for the science education are characterized.
2
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Inward FDI and entrepreneurship rate: Empirical evidence on selected effects of FDI in Visegrad countries

100%
Wach K., Wojciechowski L.
Journal of Economics and Management
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2016
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vol. 24
42-54
EN
The main objective of the article is to verify the impact of inward FDI on domestic entrepreneurship in four Visegrad countries in the years 2000-2012. The reliable sources of data were used, among them statistical data of Eurostat, and UNDP. The relationship between FDI and entrepreneurship can be confirmed as basing on the OLS regression there is a statistically significant positive correlation between the stock FDI and the entrepreneurship rate, however the impact of FDI was different in different analysed countries – the strongest in Slovakia, while the weakest in Hungary.
3
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SHORT-TERM FISCAL IMBALANCE COMPARISON IN V4 COUNTRIES USING A DYNAMIC CONDITIONAL CORRELATION APPROACH

88%
Drab R., Martinkova S., Mihokova L.
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
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2017
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vol. 12
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issue 2
261-280
EN
Research background: The crisis periods have highlighted the interdependence between individual European economies in the area of economic and fiscal development. The common development tendencies raise the question whether the fiscal indebtedness and preferred fiscal policy of V4 countries can be considered as interdepending. Considering this assumption, a possibility for implementing a similar type of consolidation in selected clusters of countries could be proposed. Purpose of the article: The research is, from the empirical point of view, focused on the analysis and comparison of primary balance indicator, analysis and assessment of fiscal measures (in identified fiscal episodes) and analysis of fiscal development intercorrelations using the dynamic conditional correlation approach. Methods: The empirical assessment of the research objective is, from the methodological point of view, divided into five phases: (1) the calculation of primary deficit indicator, (2) the analysis, comparison and assessment of the fiscal development in the V4 countries based on the annual primary deficit during the selected period 1999–2016, (3) the seasonal adjustment of performing time series and non-stationarity testing, (4) the dynamic conditional correlation approach (DCC) application. Within the analysis, the traditional and specific methods were used (time series analysis, content analysis, descriptive statistics, correlation methods, DCC approach). Findings & Value added: The results of the research suggest that between V4 countries do exist significant differences based on which cannot be clearly confirmed the assumption about the fiscal development interdependence in V4 countries. From the long-term perspective, it can be stated that the fiscal development in V4 countries is a very slightly positively related aspect, but in the context of the implementation of a common consolidation strategy it is not sufficient.
4
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The impact of corporate reputation and social media engagement on the sustainability of SMEs: Perceptions of top managers and the owners

88%
Dvorský J., Bednarz J., Blajer-Gołębiewska A.
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
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2023
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vol. 18
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issue 3
779-811
EN
Research background: Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play a fundamental role in countries’ economies. Currently, entrepreneurs are struggling not only with the uncertainty of the business environment, but also with high expectations for businesses to be run in a sustainable way. Therefore, the impact of corporate reputation and social media on sustainability is an area of interest for entrepreneurs. In this context, little research has been conducted on their perception of the linkage between these issues. Furthermore, there has been no direct explanation of the effects of SMEs’ reputation and social media usage on their sustainable development, especially in the V4 countries. Purpose of the article: This article defines, quantifies, and verifies the effects of corporate reputation and social media on sustainable development as perceived by SMEs’ owners and top managers in the V4 countries. Methods: Data were gathered in December 2022 and January 2023 using the computer-assisted web interviewing (CAWI) method. The survey was designed based on a literature review and experts’ opinions. Respondents (top managers of SMEs, n = 1090) were asked questions on their firms’ characteristics, reputation, social media usage and sustainable development. The linear regression modelling (LRM) was utilised to evaluate the hypothesis. Findings & value added: The study revealed a strong relationship between owners’ and top managers’ perceptions of the importance of both corporate reputation and sustainable development in SMEs. The belief that social media supports the growth of companies’ performance is related to the understanding of the concept of sustainable business development. Surprisingly, for the owners and top managers of SMEs in V4 countries, there was no relationship between the awareness of social media usage to share information with customers and partners and the understanding of sustainable business growth.
5
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Decoupling economic growth from greenhouse gas emissions: the case of the energy sector in V4 countries

88%
Chovancová J., Tej J.
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
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2020
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vol. 15
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issue 2
235-251
EN
Research background: The production and use of energy satisfies human needs, but also gives rise to a host of adverse environmental pressures, such as air pollution and waste generation. The issue of energy efficiency and climate chance resonates in the energy sector as one of the main producers of green-house gas emissions (GHG). While the European Union in general is doing well in reducing emissions and increasing the share of renewables, unfortunately, there are countries that are still far from reaching their goal. Purpose of the article: The paper is focused on the quantitative assessment of the link between the economic growth of the energy sector and the production of GHG emissions by the energy sector in V4 countries during the period 1995?2016. For this purpose, decoupling analysis will be realized. Methods: The decoupling of economic growth and the environmental pressures caused by this growth has a rich tradition within the sustainable development literature. The decoupling method was chosen for its ability to link economic and environmental indicators. Decoupling elasticity will be calculated with the aim of assessing the relationship between the economic growth of the energy sector (measured in GVA) and GHG emissions produced by the energy sector in V4 countries within the research period. Decoupling elasticity indicates different forms of the decoupling and coupling of the two variables. Findings & Value added: The results of the analysis suggest the prevailing strong decoupling of the economic growth of the energy sector and GHG emissions produced by the energy sector, which can be considered a positive trend. The findings of this paper are relevant for the government, state and public institutions and stakeholders in general, who play important roles in the preparation of programs, projects and policies to make energy generation, transport and use more efficient and environmentally sustainable.
6
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Trwałość przewagi konkurencyjnej w sektorze fonograficznym w krajach Grupy Wyszehradzkiej

51%
Michalik Z.
Prace Komisji Geografii Przemysłu Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego
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2019
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vol. 33
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issue 2
31-44
EN
The recording industry is an example of an industry offering cultural goods. It is subject to constant change, associated e.g. with intra-structural transformations taking place as a result of mergers and acquisitions, the changing number of formats and their importance to customers, resulting in declining revenues of the sector in the first decade of the 21st century. For several years, a reversal of this trend has been observed, resulting from the growing sales of music in digital form. The subject of the study is the competitiveness of the phonographic sector products. The aim of the study is to analyse changes in the sustainability of competitive position of phonograms in a timeframe and in relation to phonograms offered on four selected markets: Polish, Czech, Slovak and Hungarian, i.e. the countries forming the Visegrad Group. On the basis of the sustainability value of the phonogram’s competitive advantage index, which is the period of maintaining the dominant position on the market, an attempt was made to verify the thesis that the periods of sustainability of competitive advantage are recently shortened. The analysis uses market data and measures of descriptive statistics. It was noted that within the V4 Group there is no same direction of changes in the sustainability of the competitive advantage of phonograms. On the Czech market, the above thesis is not confirmed. Differences between the Polish and Hungarian markets concern the durability of the competitive position of phonograms representing various musical genres. The applications relate to the potential directions of changes and the resulting activities that may be undertaken by enterprises in the sector.
PL
Sektor fonograficzny jest przykładem sektora oferującego dobra kulturalne. Podlega on ciągłej zmianie, związanej m.in. z przekształceniami wewnątrzstrukturalnymi, zachodzącymi w wyniku fuzji i przejęć, ze zmieniającą się liczbą nośników dźwięku i ich znaczeniem dla odbiorców, skutkującym malejącymi przychodami sektora w pierwszej dekadzie XXI wieku. Od kilku lat jest obserwowane odwrócenie tego trendu, wynikające z rosnącej sprzedaży muzyki w formie cyfrowej. Przedmiotem opracowania jest konkurencyjność produktów sektora fonograficznego. Celem opracowania jest przeprowadzenie analizy zmian trwałości pozycji konkurencyjnej fonogramów w układzie czasowym oraz w odniesieniu do fonogramów oferowanych na wybranych czterech rynkach: polskim, czeskim, słowackim oraz węgierskim, a więc krajów tworzących Grupę Wyszehradzką (Grupę V4) – grupę połączoną więziami gospodarczymi i politycznymi. Na podstawie analizy wartości wskaźnika trwałości przewagi konkurencyjnej fonogramu, jakim jest okres utrzymania dominującej pozycji na rynku, została podjęta próba weryfikacji tezy, zgodnie z którą okresy trwałości przewagi konkurencyjnej ulegają obecnie skracaniu. W opracowaniu zastosowano analizę danych rynkowych oraz miary statystyki opisowej. Zauważono, że w ramach Grupy V4 nie można mówić o jednolitym kierunku zmian trwałości przewagi konkurencyjnej fonogramów. Na rynku czeskim powyższa teza nie znajduje potwierdzenia. Różnice między rynkiem polskim i węgierskim dotyczą trwałości pozycji konkurencyjnej fonogramów reprezentujących różne gatunki muzyczne. Rekomendacje obejmują potencjalne kierunki zmian oraz wynikające z nich działania, które mogą zostać podjęte przez graczy sektora.
7
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THE FACTORS OF OUTWARD FDI FROM V4 COUNTRIES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF EU AND EMU MEMBERSHIP: A PANEL GRAVITY MODEL APPROACH

38%
Wojciechowski L., Wach K.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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2014
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vol. 5
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issue 307
PL
Celem artykułu jest wyjaśnienie, jakie czynniki w wypadku państw Grupy Wyszehradzkiej stanowiły istotne motywy dokonywania bezpośrednich inwestycji zagranicznych w krajach UE-27. Odnosząc się do eklektycznej teorii Dunninga i teorii rozwoju gospodarczego, postanowiono odpowiedzieć na pytanie jakie są determinanty wyboru kraju przyjmującego inwestycje. Postanowiono sprawdzić, czy rozszerzony model grawitacyjny handlu międzynarodowego pozwala poprzez operacjonalizację zmiennych zidentyfikować czynniki skłaniające do podejmowania BIZ. W celu zweryfikowania postawionych hipotez posłużono się podejściem Hausmana- Taylora przy estymacji modeli panelowych. Wyniki oszacowań sugerują, że model grawitacyjny jest adekwatnym narzędziem do wyjaśnienia odpływu BIZ z grupy krajów V4, niemniej jednak występują pewne anomalie w motywach inwestycyjnych na poziomie poszczególnych krajów W niektórych przypadkach, mimo procesów globalizacji, odległość geograficzna wydaje się być wciąż istotną barierą w dokonywaniu inwestycji. Decyzje dotyczące wyboru kraju lokaty są generalnie podyktowane wielkością rynku docelowego i wydajnością pracy. Empirycznie potwierdzono oczekiwania, że członkostwo w Unii Gospodarczej i Walutowej oraz Unii Europejskiej, różnice w opodatkowaniu, a także bliskość gospodarek w niektórych przypadkach ma istotny wpływ na wybór kraju inwestycji. Dane empiryczne pokazują, że motywy inwestycyjne pomiędzy krajami V4, a także wielkości i dynamiki BIZ uległy znacznym zmianom w okresie 2000-2012, szczególnie po wstąpieniu do Unii Europejskiej w 2004 roku.
EN
The purpose of this article is to explain what factors, from the viewpoint of the Visegrad Group countries, were important determinants in outward FDI. Referring to the eclectic theory of Dunning and the theory of economic development, we decided to answer the question about the determinants for host country choice. We decided to check whether an augmentation of the classical gravity model of international trade allows one to identify push and pull FDI factors. The panel data approach using the Hausman-Taylor estimator was applied in the empirical analysis. The general results allowed us to verify the main hypothesis positively, but some anomalies were observed. In some cases, despite globalisation processes, distance seems to be still a barrier against investment. Decisions concerning the selection of the host country are usually determined by the size of the market measured by GDP per capita, labour productivity. It has been empirically proven that membership in the EMU and the EU, taxation differences and common borders in some cases has a significant influence on the FDI stock concentration. Investment motives among the V4, as well as the size and dynamics of outward FDI have undergone significant changes in the period between 2000–2012.
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