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NA OBRANU VÁGNOSTI

100%
Démuth A., Števček M.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2021
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vol. 76
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issue 4
237 – 251
EN
Philosophers often consider vagueness (a linguistic expressions admits of unclear or borderline cases of application) to be an undesirable phenomenon. The authors of the text reject the existence of ontological vagueness, and, in cooperation with T. Williamson, they find the roots of vagueness in insufficient understanding. Apart from epistemological vagueness, though, they advocate for the existence of semantic vagueness, stemming from the ambiguity and inconsistency of boundaries and ranges of linguistic expressions. While agreeing with the impossibility of complete elimination of semantic vagueness, the authors point to its possible advantage in daily communication and its possible progressiveness in the search for newer, better understanding.
2
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Znovu o reciprocitě

88%
Panevova J.
Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
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2007
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vol. 68
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issue 2
91-100
EN
In this paper, we present a follow-up and modification of the approach to the description of reciprocal constructions taken in Panevová (1999) (see Sections 1 and 2). Inherent lexical reciprocity as a part of lexical meaning is distinguished from reciprocal constructions which are syntactic. The syntactic operation of reciprocalization could be applied to the verbs from three classes proposed in Sections 3.1 - 3.3. The vagueness of reciprocal constructions is demonstrated in Section 4. The relation of symmetry between individual participants is, in general, present only in syntactic reciprocal constructions. The specific formal expressions used in Czech reciprocal constructions are analyzed in Sections 5 - 8. The possible participation of an item in the position of the valency slot in the process of reciprocalization is marked in the respective valency frame of the verb.
3
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Semanticke skaly a skalarni modifikatory v cestine)

63%
Ocelak R.
Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
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2013
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vol. 74
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issue 2
110-135
EN
The article aspires to provide a detailed semantic classification and description of scalar modifiers in contemporary Czech (e.g. velmi, skoro, celkem, poněkud, alespoň, přibližně). Words of this class are seen as operating on semantic scales of two basic types – continuous scales, primarily represented by gradable adjectives, and discrete scales, primarily represented by numerals. The function of scalar modifiers is to state some degree(s) of these scales as valid. As a precondition of the final description and classification, the semantics of gradable adjectives is broadly addressed with respect to the problem of semantic vagueness and pragmatic imprecision. The well-known division into the categories of relative, maximal and minimal adjectives is applied to Czech and some tests based on inferential schemes are shown. The diachronic origin of scalar modifiers is discussed on the basis of grammaticalization theory. After that, the actual semantic classification and description of Czech scalar modifiers is presented, based not on mere semantic intuition but supported by corpus co-occurence data.
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