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Prenatalny rozwój człowieka w Biblii hebrajskiej: Perspektywa judaizmu

100%
Borkowski A.
ELPIS
|
2012
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vol. 14
|
issue 25-26
369-389
EN
Subject of the paper is a standpoint of ecumenical patriarch Jeremiah II Tranos on the change of calendar introduced by Vatican. Patriarch Jeremiah’s attitude in relations with the Roman Catholic Church has been similar to the earlier one concerning Protestants who had attempted to attract Orthodox faithful through their far-flung activities. Nevertheless the patriarch has managed to maintain friendly relations with both denominations. His wisdom and discernment has helped to safeguard the Orthodox Church and the faith against foreign influence of the non-Orthodox who have pursued solely to ensure their benefits. Orthodox believers in Polish Republic have obediently followed his orders consistently rejecting any novelties and aberrations of the Latin Church who has not accepted a method of dialogue preferring to use calendar reform as a measure to apply papal propaganda. Initial failure of the Vatican has not restrained its policy on Orthodoxy. Active and uncompromising proselyte activity of Jesuit order has repeatedly led to tensions and fights between faithful of both Churches. Initial trial to impose the new calendar has turned into battlefield of pressure and persecution. Orthodox people of the Polish Republic have protested against the new calendar treating it as one of the main reasons of their struggle. In such a particularly critical period in history ecumenical patriarch Jeremiah II Tranos has himself rushed to the aid of Kiev Metropolis located within boundaries of the Polish Republic. During his visit in 1588–1589 he solved many burning dilemmas.
2

POLISH BISHOPS, THE VATICAN, AND THE JEWS OF POLAND DURING THE COMMUNIST TAKEOVER AS REFLECTED IN BRITISH DIPLOMATIC REPORTS (Polish title - below)

100%
Kochavi A.
Zaglada Zydów. Studia i Materialy (Holocaust. Studies and Materials)
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2009
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vol. 5
149-162
EN
(Title in Polish - 'Polscy biskupi, Watykan i Zydzi polscy w czasie przejmowania wladzy przez komunistów - na podstawie brytyjskich raportów dyplomatycznych'). One strand in the skein of Anglo-Polish relations in the period immediately following the Second World War was the problem of the Jews of Poland, many of whom had fled Poland to Displaced Persons camps in Germany and Austria, as well as to Italy. In their efforts to limit the number of Jews leaving Poland, the British anxiously monitored the situation of the Jews remaining in the country. Relations between London and Warsaw were complicated as a result of the internal power struggle that was being waged in Poland between the Communists and the anti-Communist Opposition, the latter enjoying London's political support. The article will examine British diplomats' reports on the state of Polish Jewry after the end of World War II and the reaction of Polish bishops and the Vatican to the Kielce pogrom.
3

THE VATICAN AND UKRAINE AT THE TIME SHAPING THE VERSAILLES SYSTEM IN 1918-1921

100%
Mróz M.
Dzieje Najnowsze
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2004
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issue 1
3-19
EN
The conception of rebuilding Poland within pre-partition borders - which the Vatican took into consideration at the time of creation of the Versailles system - could initially testify to a disregard for the problem of Ukrainian statehood. As a result of the incessantly changing political -military situation in Ukraine in 1917-1919, the Vatican maintained a certain distance towards Ukrainian endeavours to create a state, and at the time of the Polish-Ukrainian war waged at the turn of 1918 limited itself to protecting the interests of the Uniate Church and the war victims in Eastern Galicia. In the contacts between the Vatican and Ukraine the latter proved to be more active, since it was concerned with winning the backing of the authority of the Apostolic See for her pro-independence strivings. Tyskevych, the Directorate's diplomatic representative at the See, nominated in 1919, was indubitably capable of stirring considerable interest in Ukrainian issues and won the Curia's endorsement for Ukrainian pro-independence postulates. On the other hand, de iure recognition by the Apostolic See remained, from the viewpoint of international law, unresolved. The successor of Tyshkevych - the Redemptorist Bonne - concentrated his efforts on the Galician problem. Despite multiple controversies, the appointment of an Apostolic inspector, for quite some time raised by the Ukrainian side, ended successfully. In the conducive climate of the Polish-Ukrainian alliance of 1920 the Vatican counted on the mission conducted by Genocchi, to which the Directorate also attached great importance. However these expectations were crushed by the resolutions of the treaty of Riga and the fact that Poland had abandoned her Ukrainian ally.The prime obstacle for the establishment of full diplomatic relations between the Apostolic See and the Ukrainian People's Republic proved to be political reality, which simply did not foresee a place for an independent Ukraine.
4

PARLAMENTNÍ VOLBY A AKTIVITA ČESKOSLOVENSKÉ STRANY LIDOVÉ V POLITICKÉM ŽIVOTĚ PRVNÍ ČESKOSLOVENSKÉ REPUBLIKY V REFLEXI PŘEDSTAVITELŮ SVATÉHO STOLCE

88%
Šmíd M.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
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2021
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vol. 69
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issue 2
273 – 291
EN
The study deals with the reports on the parliamentary elections by the Vatican diplomats in Czechoslovakia in the period of the First Republic (1918–1938). This represents a valuable source of knowledge of the multi-layered activity of the Apostolic Nuncio in Prague, who regularly sent his detailed reports to the Secretary of State of the Holy See - in the 1920s, Cardinal Pietro Gasparri and Cardinal Eugenio Pacelli, later Pope Pius XII. The study deals with every parliamentary election that took place during the inter-war period (April 1920, November 1925, October 1929 and May 1935). Their results are compared in relation to both the expectations of the representatives of the Holy See and the political and religious reality in Czechoslovakia, considering each election to be a phenomenon that cannot be comprehensively studied without knowledge of the Vatican archives. The text is primarily based on the Historical Archive of the State Secretariat of the Holy See in the Vatican and abundant Czech literature.
5

SVATÝ STOLEC V DOBĚ SVĚTOVÝCH VÁLEK 20. STOLETÍ. POKUS O KOMPARACI POSTOJE BENEDIKTA XV. A PIA XII.

75%
Šmíd M.
Studia Historica Nitriensia
|
2023
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vol. 27
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issue 1
257 - 268
EN
The study deals with the comparison of the attitudes of the two highest representatives of the Catholic Church, Popes Benedict XV and Pius XII, at the beginning of the World Wars I and II. It reflects their relationship with the great powers and their representatives, diplomatic, political, peace and charitable activities, changes in the Roman Curia and the personalities of the pontiffs in the contemporary political-religious context of that time. The text represents a controversy with the public opinion that the Holy See remained passive during the world conflicts of the 20th century at the same time showing that the attitudes of the two pontiffs were largely similar. The study is based mainly on published sources and numerous literature, especially of English and Italian provenance.
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