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1

HEREDITARY PHONETIC PARAMETERS OF THE HUMAN VOICE

100%
Papay K.
Magyar Nyelvor (Hungarian Language Guardian)
|
2007
|
vol. 131
|
issue 3
306-315
EN
Voice recognition or speaker identification has been studied from several points of view. The close similarity of the voices of consanguineous persons has suggested that there must exist some hereditary phonetic parameters. To test this hypothesis, a method for characterizing the similarity or dissimilarity of voices of siblings and identical twins in numerical terms was developed. If some parameters of human voice are genetically determined, monozygotic twins must have a higher intra-pair similarity of voice than dizygotic like-sexed twins or brothers/sisters. If agreement within monozygotic twins significantly exceeds that observed in dizygotic twins of the same gender, it may be anticipated that the condition is more under genetic than environmental control. In the present work, the voices of both members of three female 21-22-year-old pairs of monozygotic twins and three female 20-24-year-old pairs of sisters speaking about the same picture for a duration of about 2 minutes were recorded by the computer program Wave Studio. The material was analyzed by the Praat 4.2 voice analyzing program: average pitch, first three formants and formant bandwidths of nine vowels, the duration of words, vowels and alveolar fricatives, word intensity, FFT spectra of vowels, broad band and narrow band spectrograms of words, and broad band spectrograms of alveolar fricatives were analysed and numerically characterized. The results, in accordance with our expectations, show that intra-pair differences between monozygotic twins were lower than those between sisters. It may be concluded that a single parameter is not capable of complete discrimination; there is no definite answer as to which parameter is the single most characteristic one of the inheritability of human voice.
2

SPEAKER RECOGNITION - NEUROLOGICAL BASIS AND PSYCHOLOGICAL MODELS

86%
Bohm T. M.
Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle (Hungarian Psychological Review)
|
2007
|
vol. 62
|
issue 4
541-563
EN
We are able to recognize our family members and friends solely by their voice. This is possible due to the speaker cues in nonlinguistic information that speech carries simultaneously with the linguistic message. This paper gives a partial review of the human speaker recognition literature in terms of the definitions, the applied methods, and the results. The latest experimental method, fMRI, opened a new avenue in the research of this cognitive process, thus the author focuses on studies employing this technique. He compares their results with those of behavioral studies and highlight their implications for speech technology. He also makes an attempt to summarize the sporadically published psychological models of speaker recognition.
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