In the paper I discuss the presence of two ideas in Wincenty Lutosławski’s thought: the unconscious and the palingenesis of souls. The existence of the unconscious was rejected by Lutosławski as opposed being to his view on the free will. However, despite the Polish philosopher’s firm statements, I argue that the idea of unconscious states, on the one hand, is an integral element of Lutosławski’s voluntaristic and spiritual pluralism, and on the other hand, seems to be the reason for many tensions and inconsistencies in it. The idea of palingenesis was in turn entirely approved and propagated by Lutosławski; nevertheless, like the theory of the unconscious, it causes serious difficulties in the framework of his philosophy. I also try to show how Lutosławski seeks to overcome these difficulties and inconsistencies.
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