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Competition for food in macroplankton animals in the Vistula Lagoon

100%
Opaliński K.
Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae
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2014
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vol. 12
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issue 4
127-148
EN
Competition for food can be observed in the macroplankton community in the Vistula Lagoon (northern Poland) in the spring (April-May-June). This is the time of mass occurrence of early developmental stages of the Baltic Sea herring, the European smelt perch, and stickleback. Additionally, some quantities of the shrimp Neomysis integer can be found. These species use the same food resources, i.e. small zooplankton, but they occupy different habitats. However, in a very special situation in the Vistula Lagoon (low depth and water mixing by winds) they are living together and compete for food. The purpose of this paper is to find out which species is the superior competitor for food among the macroplankton living in the Vistula Lagoon. Animal size (dry weight Dw), daily consumption rate (C), and coefficients of food assimilation efficiency (U-1), as well as utilization of consumed energy for growth (K1), and utilization of assimilated energy for growth (K2) by individuals of particular species were used as measures of individual success in competition for food. Animal abundance (n m-3), daily consumption rate of individuals of particular species living in the unit of water volume (J m-3 d-1), and total food consumed by animals of particular species living in the unit of water volume as a percent of the total food available were used as measures of population (or species) success in competition for food. The re¬sults do not provide a clear indication which species is a superior competitor for food. Because competition occurs at the level of individuals rather than populations, a question arises why just Neomysis, despite their lowest food consumption and the lowest daily production rate succeeded in reaching high population numbers and sum of daily food consumption by population.
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Problem swobodnej żeglugi przez Cieśninę Piławską i Zalew Wiślany w polsko-radzieckich i polsko-rosyjskich negocjacjach

88%
Kastory A.
Studia Politologica Ucraino-Polona
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2016
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vol. 6
135-141
EN
Due to the unfavorable course of the boundary line between Poland and Russia in the area of the Vistula Lagoon and the Vistula Spit, Poland’s access to the Gdańsk Bay through the Pilava Strait has been hindered. In 1991, Polish-Soviet negotiations, aimed at agreeing on the rules of navigation through the Pilava Strait and the Vistula Lagoon, were launched. The talks ended in failure, and the Soviet side demanded that its units be granted the right to navigate through Poland’s inland waterways. It was only in 2009 that Poland signed an agreement with Russia, regulating navigation through the Vistula Lagoon; still, as follows from the interpretation by the Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs, it did not include the Pilava Strait. Consequently, the freedom of navigation through the Vistula Lagoon continues to be dependent on the state of Polish-Russian relations.
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