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Vojenská história
|
2020
|
vol. 24
|
issue 4
7 - 25
EN
Based on a brief overview of both historical and contemporary practice abroad and home, the author demonstrates that the warrants have always been signed in own hand of the person awarding the honours and stamped by their official stamp, since that is the only way how they became valid and efficient for legal actions. The only known exception is represented by the warrants of appointment of some of the honours of the Armed Forces of the Slovak Republic, which are not signed or stamped and the name of the person awarding the honours is also missing, being replaced by their function with the “v.r.” abbreviation (“vlastnou rukou” - “manu propria”, “m.p.” - “in one’s own hand”). The author points out to the formal mistakes of these warrants, questioning the arguments why the warrants cannot be signed and at the same time submitting a proposal how to solve this issue.
EN
I characterize the deductivist ideal of justification and, following to a great extent Toulmin's work The Uses of Argument, I try to explain why this ideal is erroneous. Then I offer an alternative model of justification capable of making our claims to knowledge about substantial matters sound and reasonable. This model of justification will be based on a conception of justification as the result of good argumentation, and on a model of argumentation which is a pragmatic linguistic reconstruction of Toulmin's model of argument.
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