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Social complexity and the question of scale: global challenges to anthropology

100%
Hastrup K.
Lud
|
2012
|
vol. 96
15-29
EN
At present, there is a sense that anthropology is being tested by new global realities. In actual fact anthropology has been permanently tested since its inception, because history has always been on the move. In this article I shall discuss the current challenges with a view to identifying various scales of knowledge that all of them are in some sense local. By taking off in a discussion of social complexity as the result of bottom up processes of action and deliberation, it is possible to rethink scale in anthropology without loosing the precious foothold in actual social life that was always the hallmark of anthropology. What is being tested right now is not anthropology as such but some of its concepts – notably those that depend on social boundaries.
2

FEYERABEND’S ALTERNATIVE THEORIES WITHIN GOODMAN’S WORLDMAKING

86%
Fišerová N.
Organon F. medzinárodný časopis pre analytickú filozofiu
|
2020
|
vol. 27
|
issue 3
302 – 324
EN
The main purpose of this paper is to compare two pluralistic approaches to knowledge, Goodman’s theory of worldmaking and Feyerabend’s methodological anarchism. It therefore examines firstly, the concept of world-versions, which according to Goodman create our worlds and at the same time are crucial for achieving a better understanding of reality; and secondly, the concept of alter- native theories which are built upon pluralism and, according to Feyerabend, secure knowledge and make scientific progress possible. Feyerabend’s concept has been rejected by many, seemingly for its lack of limitations. In line with this argument, I propose that based on the comparison of these two pluralistic approaches, the alternative theories can be understood as a part of worldmaking, for Goodman’s theory has wider applicability since it encompasses not only science but also art. Furthermore, I suggest adopting Goodman’s principle of rightness, the criterion of functionality in his worldmaking, as a criterion within Feyerabend’s methodological anarchism when establishing the prevailing theory. It is to be expected that such a juxta position will uncover inconsistencies, in particular regarding boundless relativism and the vague terminology in both conceptions.
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