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1

THE IDEOLOGICAL STANDS OF POLISH WRITERS IN ABOUT 1914

100%
Babiak G. P.
Dzieje Najnowsze
|
2004
|
issue 3
133-147
EN
The author describes how in Polish conditions literature became the motor force of social and economic life, and primarily expressed the patriotic aspirations of the nation. In the expectations of certain intellectuals the war was connected with hope for basic worldwide changes, which could not have been offered by a social revolution. In 1914 the image of the war as a purifying force prevailed , especially in view of the lack of experiences of its deleterious dimension. As the events on the front developed, the old myths of war and its cultural depictions slowly disintegrated under the impact of information about the unprecedented barbarity of civilised nations. Shock and growing apathy, accompanied by successive news from the front, disclosed an area of equally considerable devastation - the degradation of the human psyche and man as such. The perception of war and the attitude towards it altered when its direct consequences began to affect the authors on par with the rest of the population. In such situations, the place of opinions about the heroism of the struggle and its superior values was taken by accounts of tackling reality deprived of its poetic guise. In 1914, war still remained a artistic theme, an anticipated catharsis, which was to bring moral and national renascence. A year later, it lost its universal dimension and assumed predominantly the features of a struggle for survival.
2

INDIVIDUAL AND COLLECTIVE ACTS OF REMEMBERING IN TWO NOVELS ABOUT FAYLI KURDS BY DIASPORIC IRAQI WOMEN WRITERS

88%
Maśko A.
Asian and African Studies
|
2021
|
vol. 30
|
issue 2
332 - 367
EN
This article discusses two novels written in Arabic by diasporic Iraqi women writers: The Wall by Laylā Tshurāġī, published in 2009, and Qismat by Ḥawrā’ an-Nadāwī, published in 2018. The works are devoted to Fayli Kurds and thus represent a noticeable trend in recent Iraqi fiction towards (re)discovering Iraq’s ethno-religious minorities. In contrast to the vast majority of literary texts by Iraqi Arab authors that include secondary Kurdish characters, the novels by Tshurāġī and an-Nadāwī provide an insightful portrayal of the collective fate of Fayli Kurds in Iraq and Iran and in exile in the West in the 20th and 21st centuries. In the article, these two novels are examined as fictions of memory, in line with Birgit Neumann’s concept. The Wall is considered as an autobiographical memory novel, while Qismat is scrutinized as a communal memory novel. Both works are concerned with the marginalised memories and ethno-religious identity of Fayli Kurds, and provide a stage for depicting individual and collective acts of remembering by their fictional representatives. In the final section of the article, conclusions are drawn with respect to these works and other selected studies in cultural memory.
3

SOCIÁLNA ŠTRUKTÚRA BRATISLAVSKEJ UMELECKEJ BOHÉMY V ROKOCH 1920 – 1945

88%
Vass M.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
|
2018
|
vol. 66
|
issue 1
83 – 105
EN
The study provides an analysis of the authentic modernist cultural and social phenomenon of Bratislava‘s artistic bohemian in the years 1920– 1945 in terms of its social structure. This group consisted of writers and painters, in what amounted to a special social microcosm, in the midst of which a particular social structure spontaneously formed, consisting of a leading integrating personality encircled by a wider group of acquaintances, patrons, female muses, devotees and fans stemming from bourgeois circles. An important issue in the context of the social structure of Bratislava‘s artistic bohemian is the antagonism between bohemian artists, who possessed cultural capital, and the bourgeoisie, who possessed economic capital.
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