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EN
In the period 1915-2019 several heads of the Polish State hosted in Wadowice. Generally they held title of the president. Some of the distinguished figures (e.g. Józef Piłsudski, Lech Wałęsa) who passed by Wadowice, in the later time discharged duties of the supreme power in the state. Ignacy Mościcki was the first president who visited Wadowice (1929). Most visits was noted after political changes in Poland (1989), in 3rd Republic of Poland. Over the period 1995-2019 further presidents of Republic of Poland: Lech Wałęsa (1995), Lech Kaczyński (2006 I 2009), Bronisław Komorowski (2014) and Andrzej Duda (2019) hosted in the town by the Skawa river. Those visits raised the rank and prestige of Wadowice in all country, as papal town with itself history and contemporary active community.
PL
W latach 1915-2019 w Wadowicach gościło kilka głów Państwa Polskiego. Generalnie byli to prezydenci choć niektóre z tych postaci (np. Józef Piłsudski i Lech Wałęsa), dopiero później sprawowali najwyższy urząd w państwie. Ignacy Mościcki był pierwszym prezydentem, który odwiedził Wadowice (1929 r.). Większość wizyt miało miejsce po zmianach politycznych 1989 r. W latach 1995-2019 Wadowice odwiedzli: Lech Wałęsa (1995), Lech Kaczyński (2006 i 2009), Bronisław Komorowski (2014) i Andrzej Duda (2019). Wizyty te podnosiły rangę i prestiż miasta w skali całego kraju jako miasta papieskiego.
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Publikacje za 2020

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EN
List of publications on Wadowice and the surrounding area, which appeared in 2020.
EN
The article discusses the march of Polish troops in the spring of 1813 from Kraków to Saxony through Galicia (through the Myślenice district, including Wadowice) based on the files of the Lviv Governorate. The article presents the route, the size of the army, the method of food supply and forage by the Austrians and the value of supplies for soldiers. An attempt was made to assess the possible impact of the presence of Polish troops in Galicia on the inhabitants of this country.
PL
Po 1945 r. zasady działania spółdzielczości zostały diametralnie zmienione i całkowicie podporządkowano ją polityce państwa. W ciągu kilkunastu lat po wojnie działalność ta została poddana odgórnym procesom, jak to określono, etatyzacji, centralizacji i biurokratyzacji. Należy podkreślić, iż spółdzielczość obejmowała ogromną liczbę dziedzin handlu, produkcji, bankowości itp. działalności. W Polsce wykształciły się w szczególności takie spółdzielnie, jak: pracy, rolnicze spółdzielnie produkcyjne, inwalidów, kółek rolniczych, mleczarskie, mieszkaniowe, ogrodniczo-pszczelarskie, socjalne, wojskowe, wydawnicze, rolników, producentów rolniczych, banki, kasy oszczędnościowo-kredytowe, zaopatrzenia i zbytu „Samopomoc Chłopska”, a także spożywców. Tuż przed wybuchem II wojny światowej spółdzielnie mieszkaniowe zrzeszały około 10 tysięcy członków. Najgorszym czasem dla spółdzielni mieszkaniowych był okres powojenny – ze 192 spółdzielni pozostały jedynie 73. Spółdzielnie nie miały praw do zarządzania mieszkaniami spółdzielczymi, nie mogły także zaciągać kredytów i kupować materiałów w hurtowych cenach. Przełom nastąpił w 1956 r., kiedy powstały Spółdzielczy Fundusz Budowlany, Społeczne Przedsiębiorstwo Budowlane oraz Bank Spółdzielczy. Wtedy też zmieniła się polityka państwa w stosunku do spółdzielni mieszkaniowych. Ustalono zasady budowy oraz normy powierzchni mieszkań. Wprowadzono wiele rozwiązań, które ułatwiały funkcjonowanie spółdzielni i doprowadziły do ich rozwoju. W związku z tym pod koniec lat 60. liczba spółdzielni mieszkaniowych w Polsce wzrosła do 1130 i stale się zwiększała. Obecnie jest ich ponad 2000 (dane GUS na rok 2016).
EN
After 1945, the principles of operation of the cooperative movement were radically changed and it was completely subordinated to state policy. In the dozen or so years after the war, this activity was subjected to top-down processes, as it was defined, of etatyzacja, centralizacja and biurokratyzacja. It should be emphasized that the cooperative movement encompassed a huge number of areas of trade, production, banking, etc. In Poland, such cooperatives have developed as: labor, agricultural production cooperatives, the disabled, agricultural circles, dairy, housing, horticulture and beekeeping, social, military, publishing, farmers, agricultural producers, banks, savings and credit unions, supplies and sales of "Samopomoc Chłopska", as well as consumers. Just before the outbreak of World War II, housing cooperatives had approximately 10,000 members. The worst time for housing cooperatives was the post-war period - out of 192 cooperatives, only 73 remained. Cooperatives did not have the right to manage cooperative housing, they could not also take out loans and buy materials at wholesale prices. The breakthrough came in 1956, when the Spółdzielczy Fundusz Budowlany, Społeczne Przedsiębiorstwo Budowlane and Bank Spółdzielczy were established. It was then that the state's policy towards housing cooperatives changed. Principles of construction and apartment area standards have been established. Many solutions were introduced that facilitated the functioning of the cooperative and led to their development. As a result, at the end of the 1960s, the number of housing cooperatives in Poland increased to 1,130 and continued to increase. Currently, there are over 2,000 of them (data from the Central Statistical Office for 2016).
EN
The article is devoted to one of the institutions operating in Wadowice after World War II: Wadowice Service Cooperative (formerly operating as Wielobranżowa Spółdzielnia Pracy Wadowice). The text is another in a series of histories of cooperatives discussed by Andrzej Kotowiecki in issues 23 (2021) and 24 (2022) of the scientific yearbook "Wadoviana". The development of post-war cooperatives was primarily the result of the socialist economy, which assumed the liquidation of small merchant and craft production. A chance for survival was the cooperative movement, operating in the Wadowice region already in the Galician period. In the 50s. four smaller cooperatives were merged into the District Craft Services Cooperative, whose name was changed to the District Multi-branch Services Cooperative, producing, among others, footwear and clothing. The institution developed dynamically in the 60s and 70s, expanding infrastructure, plants and warehouses, and basing its staff on graduates of schools with practical vocational training. The crisis came in the 80s, and above all after the Sejm passed the Act on changes in the organization and activities of cooperatives. As of 2022, the assets of the cooperative consist of only four service plants (at the end of the 70s there were nearly 80 of them). As a multi-branch organization, the modern Cooperative is based primarily on three industries: metal, automotive and renovation and construction.
PL
Artykuł jest poświęcony jednej z działających w Wadowicach po II wojnie światowej instytucji: Wadowickiej Usługowej Spółdzielni Pracy (wcześniej działającej jako Wielobranżowa Spółdzielnia Pracy Wadowice). Tekst jest kolejnym z cyklu historii spółdzielni omawianych przez Andrzeja Kotowieckiego w numerach 23 (2021 rok) i 24 (2022 rok) rocznika naukowego "Wadoviana". Rozwój powojennej spółdzielczości był przede wszystkim efektem socjalistycznej gospodarki zakładającej likwidację drobnej wytwórczości kupieckiej i rzemieślniczej. Szansą na przetrwanie był ruch spółdzielczy, na ziemi wadowickiej działający już w okresie galicyjskim. W latach 50. cztery mniejsze spółdzielnie połączono w Powiatową Spółdzielnię Usług Rzemieślniczych, której nazwę zamieniono na Powiatową Spółdzielnię Usług Wielobranżowych, produkującej między innymi obuwie i konfekcję. Instytucja prężnie rozwijała się w latach 60. i 70. rozbudowując infrastrukturę, zakłady i magazyny, i opierając kadry na absolwentach szkół z praktyczną nauką zawodu. Kryzys przyszedł w latach 80. a przede wszystkim po uchwaleniu przez Sejm ustawy o zmianach w organizacji i działalności spółdzielczości. Według stanu na 2022 rok na majątek spółdzielni składają się tylko cztery zakłady usługowe (pod koniec lat 70-tych było ich blisko 80). Z charakteru wielobranżowej organizacji współczesna Spółdzielnia opiera się przede wszystkim na trzech branżach: metalowej, motoryzacyjnej oraz remontowo-budowlanej.
EN
In early 1896, the Sisters of the Holy Family of Nazareth came to Wadowice. They founded a nursery for impoverished children as well as a workshop where girls received vocational training. In December 1896, the second house of the congregation was established- alongside the city hospital. Originally, four sisters were hired on the basis of a contract with a municipality of the city. The sisters took care of patients and worked in the administration. Since then, they participated in the development of the institution. Religious authorities oversaw that only sisters with appropriate qualifications were sent to work in the hospital. During the First World War, two sisters were infected with typhus and died. The sisters cared for sick civilians and wounded soldiers during the battles on the front. During the Second World War, they decided to stay in Wadowice to help the hospital with partisans and prisoners being transported from Auschwitz concentration camp. During the years 1945-1949, there were fifteen or sixteen sisters worked in the hospital. With political changes taking place in Poland and the communist authorities coming to power in 1950, sisters started to be gradually removed from the hospital. The last Sister of Nazareth was dismissed in 1956. The cooperation between The Congregation of the Sisters and the hospital in Wadowice lasted 60 years. In the years of 1896-1956, there were over 60 sisters employed in the institution altogether.
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Nazaretanki w Wadowicach

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EN
The Sisters of the Holy Family of Nazareth have been in Wadowice for 115 years. The sisters came to the town on the River Skawa in 1896. They have been active in the local community life from the beginning. Their first work was to look after poor and hungry children. Next was giving care to sick people at the municipal hospital hospital. Then the sisters took to providing vocational training for young girls and teaching in the preschool. None of the sisters would have believed that one of their pupils would go on years later to become the Pope, taking the name of John Paul II. The next area of activity for the order appeared with the opening of the vocational sewing school, orphanage and girls’ boarding school. Many of these works changed over time with social and historical changes. It should be noted that the Communist regime that reigned in Poland from 1945 to 1989 had an impact on the directions of the order’s activities. The scope of the sisters’ mission today includes the Social Welfare Home, the John Paul II Children’s Centre, catechism teachings and parish works, and service to the Museum of the Family Home of John Paul II, through which the order shares its testimony of life with the thousands of Poles and representatives of many people from many countries and continents who are fascinated by the Blessed Pope.
EN
The events of the end of October and the beginning of November of 1918, when Poland regained its independence have yet to be thoroughly researched. The most vital political documents are known, as well as the actions of the most important figures and some of the activities of the larger communities, but much remains to be discovered about the course of local events. An article based on the available archival materials and accounts describe the takeover by Poles of military control of Wadowice and its environs, as well as the creation of the first units of the Polish Armed Forces and the structure of military administration in the area. Wadowice was one of the first cities of that era of Galicia that was freed from Austro-Hungarian Rule. The article recalls the great patriotic activity of the communities of Wadowice in that time, and also provides much new information about the people who took active part, as well as details of many events.
EN
Starting with the article of the Constitution of the Order of Discalced Carmelites (No. 52) which requires monks to worship St. Joseph, and following the example of St. Teresa of Jesus, the great Carmelite reformer, this article illustrates the cult of St. Joseph in the Carmelite Order, which describes, inter alia, the monastery founded by this same Order in Wadowice. The study refers to the significant Carmelite legend about the visit of the Holy Family to the Carmelite hermits on Mount Carmel in the Holy Land which is depicted, among others, in the fresco painted on the ceiling of the Basilica of the "Stella Maris" in Haifa. This legend is a manifestation of the origins of the cult of St. Joseph since the beginning of the Order. The original Carmelites, driven out from Mount Carmel in the middle of the thirteenth century by the Saracens, moved to Europe, taking with them the cult and worship of St Joseph and facilitated its spread throughout the Church. This was also due mainly to St. Teresa of Jesus, the great devotee of the Betrothal of the Blessed Virgin Mary. With the increase in worship of and emphasis on St Joseph in Carmelite spirituality, there was also the founding of the first Discalced Carmelites in Poland, who established a monastery in Poznan in 1618 and built on Polish soil the first church under the patronage of St. Joseph. Later, they were instrumental in having the feast of St. Joseph added to the Polish Liturgical Calendar and in having him declared Patron of the royal city of Kraków (1715). St. Raphael Kalinowski was a great worshipper of St Joseph. He was the restorer of the Carmelite life in Poland after the dissolution of the religious order during invasions into Poland. In 1892 he founded the monastery church of St. Joseph in Wadowice. This was entirely in keeping with the cult and worship of St Joseph which had become part of the spirituality of the Order - and this church has become a thriving and vital centre of the cult of St Joseph until today. St. John Paul II – Karol Józef Wojtyla- on the 25th anniversary of his pontificate (because of the patron of his second baptismal name) donated his papal ring to decorate the image of St. Joseph in the Carmelite church in Wadowice, on March 19, 2005 Cardinal Franciszek Macharski, Archbishop of Kraków established this church as the Sanctuary of St. Joseph for the Archdiocese of Kraków.
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