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Z dziejów kościoła bernardynów w Witebsku

100%

Boberski W.

Biuletyn Historii Sztuki

2013

vol. 75

issue 4

793-838

In over less than a century, namely between the Northern War (1700) and Napoleon’s Campaign (1812), thirty-five Uniate and Catholic churches were raised in Witebsk located in the north-eastern borderlands of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. As many as 12 of them had a nave and two aisles. None, even larger building centres in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, could boast of a similar dynamics. To many Russians visiting Witebsk in the 19 th and 20 th c., sacral Baroque architecture (until its final extinction in the era of Stalin and Khrushchev) represented an attribute of an alien culture and national identity, designating the limits of the Latin, Catholic, and Polish world. Following the monographs on the Greek-Catholic Cathedral of St Josaphat, the Jesuit Church, and the Parish Church of the Holy Trinity, the author presents the history of the Bernardine Church of St Anthony, which until 1958 stood by the town hall in the eastern frontage of the market. The author of the design of the church (1742-49), monastery (1749-55), and the high altar (1749-53), was the Warsaw-born architect Józef Fontana (1716-ca.1772), who represented a classicizing tendency of the late Baroque inspired by the art of 17 th -c.- Rome as well as of Warsaw.

Monaster Świętej Trójcy w Markowie pod Witebskiem

67%

Boberska M., Boberski W.

Biuletyn Historii Sztuki

2021

vol. 83

issue 4

947-988

A monograph study on the Orthodox Monastery of the Holy Trinity at Markowo near Witebsk (Vitebsk) is presented. It shows the Monastery’s history as seen against religious conflicts between the followers of the Orthodox and Uniate Churches in the 17th cand 18th centuries, the conflicts particularly vivid in Witebsk where the memory of the assassination of Archbishop Jozafat Kuncewicz (1623) made the restitution of the Orthodox Church a sensitive issue. The Ogiński family were the founders and benefactors of the Markowo Monastery in the 17th century. In harmony with the Eastern monastic tradition, the complex of buildings grouped around a courtyard created an almost self-sufficient ‘separate town’. It was composed of the following: two Orthodox churches: the wooden one of the Holy Trinity (after 1685-1690), richly furnished, and the brick one of the Intercession of the Theotokos (1754-1755), together with monastery buildings. Additionally, two wooden Orthodox churches belonged to the Monastery: the cemetery one of St Nicholas and of St Praxedes (both ca 1730).

Artykuł jest monograficznym opracowaniem monasteru Świętej Trójcy w Markowie pod Witebskiem. Przedstawia jego dzieje na tle konfliktów religijnych między wyznawcami prawosławia a unitami w XVII i XVIII w., szczególnie żywych w Witebsku, w którym pamięć o zabójstwie abp Jozafata Kuncewicza (1623) czyniła z restytucji prawosławia kwestię bardzo drażliwą. Fundatorami i dobroczyńcami markowskiego monasteru w XVII w. była rodzina Ogińskich. Zgodnie ze wschodnią tradycją monastyczną, zespół budowli skupionych wokół dziedzińca tworzył niemal samowystarczalne „osobne miasto”. Składały się nań: dwie cerkwie: drewniana Świętej Trójcy (po 1685-1690) o bogatym wyposażeniu i murowana pw. Pokrowy [Opieki Najświętszej Marii Panny] (1754-1755) oraz zabudowania klasztorne. Do monasteru należały jeszcze dwie drewniane cerkwie stojące poza jego murami cmentarna św. Mikołaja i św. Praksedy (obie ok. 1730 r.).

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Z dziejów kościoła bernardynów w Witebsku

Monaster Świętej Trójcy w Markowie pod Witebskiem