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Overtime Work Determinants of Men and Women in Slovakia

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EN
The paper deals with the supply side of the Slovak labour market. The main goal of the present study was to examine what variables contribute to the explanation of working over-time (e.g. devoting more than 40 hours per week to paid work) separately for women and men. A binomial logistic regression was used and factors were identified separately for men and women. The data were drawn from the results of primary research conducted in the year 2018. Results suggest that the probability of working overtime is higher for both men and women with higher income. It seems that the substitution effect of an increase in income dominates the income effect. Household circumstances influence the probability of one's working overtime. In those multi-member households where the husband has higher level of education than the wife, the husband will more likely work overtime and women will be less likely to work overtime. The presence of very young children in households has a significant impact on the reporting of women working overtime. Women with preschool children were less likely to work overtime than women in households in which there were older children or households without children.
XX
W artykule podjęto się próby identyfikacji czynników najsilniej wpływających na dobowy podział czasu pracy. W tym celu przeanalizowano relację pracy domowej do pracy zawodowej w zależności od takich zmiennych jak wiek, wykształcenie, miejsce zamieszkania, aktywność ekonomiczna, grupa społeczno–ekonomiczna gospodarstwa domowego, typ biologicznego gospodarstwa domowego, przeciętny dochód netto w zł na osobę oraz dzień tygodnia.
EN
The article is an attempt to identify the most powerful factors affecting the daily pattern of activities. Therefore it includes the analysis of the ratio of housework to professional activities depending on such variables as age, education, place of residence, economic entrepreneurship, the social and economic group the household belongs to, the type of biological household, the average gross income per person in PLN, as well as on the weekday.
XX
Dokonano analizy kierunków, skali oraz zmian w rozkładach czasu pracy. Zilustrowano je danymi z lat 1992, 1995 i 2002. Badaną zbiorowość wyodrębniono według takich kryteriów jak: rodzaj umowy o pracę, wiek, status zatrudnienia, pracujący według sekcji PKD, pracownicy najemni i samozatrudniający się, praca w niepełnym wymiarze godzin oraz pracujący według sektorów własności. Wykorzystano dane z badań aktywności ekonomicznej ludności (BAEL) prowadzonych od maja 1992 r. przez GUS.
EN
The main target of economic policy on the labour market is to increase effectiveness allocation of available labour resources. A method for the above mentioned occurrence is a barriers elimination which restricts free movement of labour resources between work time and leisure time, between permanent work and irregular work, between particular branch of economic activity: agriculture, industry and trade, between possession sectors and many others. The article presents surveys on results of realisation of I his target on Polish labour market in the period of 1992-2002. (original abstract)
XX
Przedstawiono motywy zmian w sferze czasu pracy w Unii Europejskiej. Porównano sytuację w UE i w Polsce w zakresie: dziennej i tygodniowej liczby godzin pracy, niepełnego wymiaru czasu pracy, pracy dorywczej.
EN
Integration of Poland into the European Union increases a competition between national economies. It is necessary to consider solutions in the sphere of work-time management in Poland once again. This revision concerns motives of changes in work-time management, differentiation level of work-time organisation and forms of employment. The article describes models of work-time, forms of employment, daily and weekly time- work, part-time employment and temporary employment. To make an estimation of Polish solutions in the above-mentioned scope it is needed to have a comparative formulation. That is why this article compares a state of work-time and employment with development of analysed processes in countries of the European Union. (original abstract)
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