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EN
The Early Modern Community of Memory in Wroclaw. The Memorative Function of the Protestant Funeral Sermons from Silesia The printed funeral sermons of the seventeenth-century were a medium which helped the urban elite of Wroclaw such as town councillors, merchants, scholars, clericals and craftsmen to enhance its prestige and emphasize its representation in the society. The nobility as well as the bourgeoisie was a part of a community of memory according to the Maurice Halbwach’s concept of collective memory. The article aims to show on (auto)biographic information given in selected Pro- testant funeral sermons, the network of mutual relationships in the society and the ways of shaping the memory.
EN
Cities create a transcultural sphere and a platform for transcultural dialogue.Cities play an important cultural-creative role and they try to become policy player onat the international level. The aim of this study is to evaluate the actions taken in cities from two perspectives. On the one hand how the multicultural (multi-lingual and multi-religious) cityscape is shaped, how the city is governed in order to create a space termed as a ‘meeting place’. On the other hand how these undertakings affect the image of the city on the international stage and how they contribute to the city diplomacy strategy.
EN
The author presents a sample study of church ceremonies during rulers’ visits to the minor Czech Crown Lands in the 16th century. On the basis of ecclesiastical regulations, he describes the ideal course of a ritual, then with support in the sources, which have been relatively poorly utilised by the scholars, he illustrates the practical side of some specific ceremonies, but also their spiritual content.
EN
Scientists often criticize there are not enough diachronical empirical investigations about sorts of texts. The analysis I did, is trying to close this gap. The choose was falling on the beginning of testaments when they wrote down. I’m geared at the dictum of linguists, that the history of language is at the same time the history of sort of texts. The corpus of my investigation includes material I found by my own. I also transliterated it. Already in further time I analyzed the linguistic structure of testaments of citizens in Krakow. These investigations were very successful. Therefore, I wanted to use the same method for testaments of citizens in Breslau. I started with the historical background and the registration of testamentery texts in the so called “Stadtbuch” (registry of town). I explained four levels of description. The same method I used for the investigation of the last will of the citizens of Breslau. In this present paper I give attention on text-linguistical aspects. But there is one difference between two levels: the axiological-ontological and the stylistic level – compared to the contemporary conception of a testament. My contribution can also understand as an invitation for forthcoming investigations of the diachronic of such sorts of texts. The benefit for the subject linguistic shouldn’t underestimate.
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2016
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vol. 26
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issue 2
7-13
EN
This study explores the two most popular travel websites: TripAdvisor, based fully on the Travel 2.0 and UGC application; and Booking.com, which has developed as an online travel agency website but has also absorbed a modern UGC approach. Their content concerning accommodation in Wrocław was analysed and compared to the official tourist statistics provided by both the Central Statistical Office of Poland, and the Central Register of Hotels and Similar Establishments published by the Ministry of Sport and Tourism. The article aims at an evaluation of the reliability and completeness of the information provided over the internet: firstly from the point of view of a potential customer, secondly for its value for market research purposes. Although electronic word-of-mouth websites are designed both for consumers and suppliers, from a methodological perspective the article is based on a content analysis of tourism social media. The study also contributes to both academic research and the tourism industry by identifying some gaps in existing work and providing an agenda for the future.
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Wrocławski plan antykryzysowy

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Artykuł prezentuje Program dla Wrocławia ogłoszony przez władze miasta w związku z kryzysem finansowym i spowolnieniem gospodarczym na świecie. Jest to program wsparcia gospodarczego mający na celu tworzenie nowych miejsc pracy oraz aktywną politykę osłonową na rynku pracy. Program opiera się na inwestycjach publicznych, wspieraniu rozwoju małych i średnich firm, przyciąganiu i promocji inwestycji oraz polityce osłonowej na rynku pracy. Program dla Wrocławia jest realizowany przez Urząd Miasta Wrocławia we współpracy z Powiatowym Urzędem Pracy i Agencją Rozwoju Aglomeracji Wrocławskiej. Zaprezentowany dokument może stanowić przykład dla innych miast Polski, świadczący o tym, że można i należy aktywnie przeciwdziałać spowolnieniu gospodarczemu na wszystkich szczeblach władzy.
EN
The article presents Programme for Wrocław announced by the city authorities refering to financial crisis and global economic slowdown. It is a programme of economic support aimed at creating new jobs and active employment protection policy. The programme is based on public investments, support for development of small and medium sized enterprises, attracting and promotion of investment and employment protection policy. Programme for Wrocław is executed by Municipality of Wroclaw in cooperation with labour office and Wrocław Agglomeration Development Agency. Presented document can be an example for other Polish cities and an evidence that you can and should be active against global economic slowdown on every authority level.
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The aim of the work is to characterise cultural industries in Wrocław. In the first part of the work the diagnosis of culture industries was presented; the diagnosis was given for: publishing, music, film and television industries. The analysis was prepared based on statistical data, literature and information from representatives of the Wrocław culture. The author realised the aim of the article referring to the size, structure, quantity and the market position of analysed entities. Conclusions were aggregated using the SWOT analysis. Selected conclusions are as follows: (1) the development of film industry does not reflect the historical potential; new ideas and trends are more important, (2) influence of cultural industries on labour market in Wrocław is rather week, (3) the highest growth of new created entities is noticed in the media sector, including publishing of computer games.
PL
Celem artykułu jest określenie stanu rozwoju przemysłów kultury (rozumianych jako usługi w zakresie kultury) we Wrocławiu. W pierwszej części pracy sporządzono diagnozę przemysłów kultury z podziałem na: przemysł wydawniczy, muzyczny oraz filmowy i telewizyjny. Analizę przeprowadzono w oparciu o dane statystyczne, literaturę przedmiotu oraz wywiady z przedstawicielami środowiska wrocławskiej kultury. Autorka odniosła się do wielkości analizowanych podmiotów, ich liczebności, struktury oraz pozycji na rynku. Zebrane wnioski usystematyzowano w postaci tabeli SWOT. Poniżej zaprezentowano wybrane konkluzje z przeprowadzonej analizy: (1) rozwój działalności filmowej dokonuje się w oparciu o nowe wyzwania i niejednokrotnie nie nawiązuje do ukształtowanego wcześniej potencjału i dorobku, (2) na podstawie danych zawartych w rejestrze REGON można stwierdzić, że oddziaływanie podmiotów z zakresu tradycyjnych przemysłów kultury na rynek pracy jest słabe, (3) największa dynamika liczby nowo zakładanych podmiotów cechuje sektor nowych mediów, w tym wydawnictw gier komputerowych
PL
Traumatologia szczękowo-twarzowa to jedna z głównych podspecjalności chirurgii szczękowo-twarzowej. Jej historia we wrocławskim ośrodku akademickim sięga końca XIX w. i wiąże się z nazwiskiem wybitnego profesora chirurgii i stomatologii Carla Partscha. W okresie powojennym wrocławski akademicki ośrodek kliniczny chirurgii szczękowo-twarzowej, za sprawą prof. Tadeusza Szczęsnego Owińskiego oraz jego następcy, prof. Tadeusza Paweli, stał się wiodącą placówką pod względem traumatologii szczękowo-twarzowej w Polsce. 65-lecie utworzenia przez prof. Owińskiego Oddziału Stomatologicznego, jak również rocznica śmierci prof. Paweli stanowiły przyczynek dla opracowania dorobku naukowego wrocławskiej szkoły traumatologii szczękowo-twarzowej, obejmującego prace pełne, streszczenia zjazdowe, rozprawy doktorskie i habilitacyjne oraz zgłoszenia patentowe powstałe w latach 1947–2012. W badanym okresie opracowano 9 rozpraw doktorskich, 1 habilitację, 48 pełnotekstowych publikacji naukowych, 38 streszczeń konferencyjnych oraz 5 patentów.
EN
Maxillofacial trauma is one of the major subspecialties of maxillofacial surgery. Its history, in Wroclaw academic center, goes back to the end of XIX century and is associated with the name of an eminent professor of surgery and dentistry Carl Partsch. In the postwar period, Wroclaw academic clinical center of maxillofacial surgery, thanks to professor Tadeusz Szczesny Owiński and his successor professor Tadeusz Pawela, has become a leading institution in terms of maxillofacial trauma in Poland. 65th anniversary of establishment Dental Department by professor Owinski as well as the anniversary of the death of professor Pawela were motives for the development of scientific achievements of Wrocław maxillofacial trauma school, which includes the full works, conference abstracts, doctoral and postdoctoral dissertations and patent applications made between 1947–2012. In the analyzed period, nine doctoral dissertations, one habilitation, 48 full-text scientific publications, 38 conference abstracts, and 5 patents were published.
PL
Filozofia europejska, umieszczając człowieka w centrum zainteresowania, podporządkowała mu otaczający go świat, co znacząco wpłynęło na jego relacje ze zwierzętami, również w przestrzeni miejskiej. Zgodnie z filozofią zachodnioeuropejską, świat przyrody, w tym zwierzęta, zepchnięte zostały m.in. do sfery materii oraz grzechu. Zmianę podejścia do zwierząt domowych, tj. kotów i psów, można zauważyć w XIX wieku dzięki czasopismom poświęconym tematyce animalistycznej. Na przykładzie polskich miast XIX wieku oraz w oparciu o materiały źródłowe scharakteryzowany zostanie wizerunek zwierząt w domach miejskich. Obraz ten zostanie zestawiony ze współczesnym wyobrażeniem zwierząt domowych na podstawie ankiet przeprowadzonych wśród opiekunów zwierząt we Wrocławiu.
EN
European philosophical positions placed the man in the center of interest, subordinating him to the surrounding world, which greatly influenced his relationship with animals, also in urban space. According to the philosophy of Western Europe, the natural world, including animals, was to the sphere of matter and sin. The change of approach to pets, i.e. cats and dogs, can be seen in the nineteenth century, thanks to the journals devoted to animalistic themes. On the example of Polish cities of the 19th century and on the basis of source materials, the image of animals in urban houses will be characterized. This image will be compiled with the contemporary imagination of pets based on surveys conducted among animal careers in Wroclaw.
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PL
Celem zaprezentowanej analizy jest przedstawienie przemysłów kultury Wrocławia z zaznaczeniem zalet i szans, które pozwalają miastu budować swój potencjał rozwojowy. Analizę przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem danych statystycznych, literatury przedmiotu oraz wywiadów z przedstawicielami środowiska wrocławskiej kultury. Wnioski zebrano za pomocą analizy SWOT. Oto wybrane konkluzje z przeprowadzonej analizy: • Działalność filmowa we Wrocławiu przechodzi powoli proces odbudowy po latach inercji. • Działalność muzyczna nakierowana jest na muzykę poważną. • Radio i telewizja we Wrocławiu stoją przed podobnymi zagrożeniami – następuje koncentracja znaczących stacji radiowych i telewizyjnych w Warszawie, w przypadku radia – również w Krakowie. • Pozycja podmiotów z zakresu dziedzictwa narodowego uległa w ostatnim okresie wzmocnieniu.
EN
The aim of the work is presenting strong points and chances of creative industries in Wroclaw based on which the city could build its position in the country. The analysis was prepared based on statistical data, literature and information from representatives of Wroclaw’ cultural circles. Conclusions were aggregated in the last part of the article using the SWOT analysis. Some of them are presented below: • There are not big publishers in Wroclaw, which could be competitive with the most important ones in the country; • The film industry in Wroclaw has been moving to the new phase of development after a long inertia; • The music industry focuses on classical music; • There is the same threat for radio and television: concentration of the most important television stations in Warsaw, and in the case of radio stations – in Warsaw and Kraków; • The position of entities preserving national heritage has improved over the last years.
PL
The most important task undertaken by German musicologists in Wroclaw during the first half of the twentieth century was to catalogue the musical sources of the whole of Silesia, supervised by the Institute of Music (Seminar of Musicology) at the University of Wroclaw, which arose out of the former Royal Academic Institute of Music, established in 1812. The Institute of Music was the first centre to catalogue local musical sources in Wroclaw and the whole region. The Institute’s library was founded during the secularisation process of 1810, and large collections of musical sources were transferred there from regional Catholic churches and monasteries. Thanks to the efforts of Otto Kinkeldey and his doctoral student Hans Erdmann Guckel, the library’s stock was set in order for the first time at the beginning of twentieth century, with clear, uniform shelf-marks given to individual items. In the late 1920s, complex cataloguing was established by Max Schneider and four of his students, Heribert Ringmann, Fritz Koschinsky, Fritz Feldmann and Josef Wittkowski, who searched for unknown and uncatalogued musical sources in the provinces of Silesia. Cooperation with Berlin’s Central Catalogue led to the preparation of detailed descriptions of sources in the form of index cards, though unfortunately only one copy of each card was made and they are now believed to be lost. More detailed evidence was recently found in Schneider’s papers, including reports and correspondence. This enables us to partially reconstruct the scope of the cataloguing campaign, the localities visited and the repertoire that was found. Some of the collections discovered during that campaign and taken to Wroclaw have survived, giving us the possibility of further research orientated towards reconstructing the picture of musical life in Silesia.
EN
The story of a painting by Carl Friedrich Schulz (1796–1866) from the collection of the Museum of Post and Telecommunication in Wroclaw is discussed. The work has not as yet been presented to the public; neither has it been the object of researchers’ interest. Until the moment when this paper was written it had remained unstudied as for its provenance and had not featured in any catalogue of artworks of Polish artistic collections. The paper is thus the first presentation of Schulz’s painting being the result of the investigation of Museum’s curators aiming at identifying the provenance and attribution of the previously unknown work.
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EN
This article aims to show how Luke Orbitowski shapes the image of the city in his novel Święty Wrocław (“Holy Wroclaw”). Analysis of tokens that build the image of the city, their meaning, the way of reference (abstract or real) and astriking emotional impression allows the reader to specify the function of the city, and answer the question about what differs presented visions of Wroclaw in the horror story novel by Orbitowski and the crime drama in the style of noir by Marek Krajewski.
EN
In the article, I present the content and the context of the foundation story of Wroclaw – created after 1945 in one of the largest and most destroyed cities which joined Poland after World War II (Polish Western and Northern Territories). The analyzed empirical material consists of personal documents – statements of Wroclaw residents written and submitted in 1966 for the competition entitled: “What does the city of Wrocław mean to you”. The most important element of this story about the creation of the city is the figure of a pioneer, shaped in the image of a mythical hero. The features of pioneers (such as courage, uncompromising love for the city and openness to others) have become an important narrative co-creating the discourse about the city in the narratives of subsequent generations of Wroclaw residents.
PL
Celem artykułu jest próba przedstawienia konceptualnych ram, w jakich przebiega obecnie dyskurs związany z wielokulturowością Gdańska i W rocławia, który nadaje znaczenia miejscom, zdarzeniom, osobom, stanom rzeczy, porządkując pamięć i kształtując tożsamość. W tym celu skoncentrujemy się na analizie sposobu prezentowania przez ekspertów oraz zwykłych aktorów-laików wzorców tożsamościowych tych dwóch miast z wielokulturowym kapitałem założycielskim. Przywołamy w tym celu niektóre założenia wielowymiarowej koncepcji nowoczesności, w tym teorii strukturacji Anthony’ego Giddensa, w której wyróżnia on wiedzę dyskursywną, czyli taką którą jej posiadacze potrafią ująć w słowa, i praktyczną, ważną w działaniu, ale trudną do werbalizacji. Podejście to wiąże się z przesunięciem akcentu w stronę działających i refleksyjnych jednostek, a także – w naszym przekonaniu – umożliwia pokazanie problemu wielokulturowości w kontekście dyskursywnych i praktycznych kodów konstytutywnych dla tożsamości obu miast. Podstawą empiryczną analizy są wywiady częściowo ustrukturyzowane z ekspertami przeprowadzone w Gdańsku i W rocławiu oraz wywiady kwestionariuszowe z mieszkańcami tych miast. Główna oś rozważań dotyczy zróżnicowania modeli refleksyjności zakorzenionych w praktykach społecznych, potencjale produkcji i reprodukcji miejskości w analizowanym zakresie wielokulturowości.
EN
The aim of the article is to present a conceptual and interpretative framework for most current discourse on the role of multicultural intangible heritage in the process of meaning-making and shaping the identity of the cities of Gdansk and Wroclaw. The focus is on the analysis of various forms of presenting patterns of identity of cities with a multicultural past, exhibited by expert and lay informants from both cities. The conceptual framework uses some elements of a multidimensional concept of modernity, including Anthony Giddens’ theory of structuration, which emphasizes the role of types of knowledge used by various actors of social life and points to active and reflexive individuals. A key word is discursive knowledge – knowledge that can be verbalized and practical – more difficult to express verbally but decisive when it comes to taking action. The focus is on reflexive individuals in their social actions around discursive and practical codes constitutive for urban identity. Empirical data for the analysis was drawn from semi-structured interviews with expert informants and survey questionnaires with lay inhabitants of the two cities. The analysis is focused on a variety of models of reflexivity rooted in social practices, in the potential of production and reproduction of cityness in the context of multiculturalism.
EN
In times of financial crisis, heritage can be perceived as a pleasant but unnecessary addition. This opinion is wrong, because heritage plays an extremely important role in the life of the European population. Many respondents in Great Britain consistently say that heritage is important to them, which is proved by large numbers of members of organisations relating to this field: the National Trust and the English Heritage. Heritage gives us the sense of identity and diversity. It is the character determined by the heritage of a given place that makes this place exceptional. Heritage gives the sense of belonging to society and to a given community. It also helps to generate economic benefits, which are additionally supported by income from tourism. Heritage-related tourism can often constitute an important part of local or even national economy. Heritage helps us to gain a better understanding of our own past. Once destroyed, the places representing our heritage will not be restored to posterity. All considerations concerning our approach to the issue of heritage in times of economic crisis must begin with the ensuring of long-term protection and conservation of a given heritage site. A very large number of volunteers is engaged in the care of heritage. The society is ready to respond to potential requests for the financial support of specific initiatives. Non-governmental initiatives play an important role in taking care of heritage. Currently, however, a decrease in the number of available resources can be observed. Public financing in England is decreasing, and other sources of funding are becoming smaller, too. The number of professional monument conservators is decreasing. This may result, for instance, in the readiness to acknowledge economical reasons underlying a given building project, regardless of its impact on the historical environment. It may be more difficult, due to the lower rate of ROI, to implement renovation programmes based on the use of historic heritage. Funds for repair and maintenance are necessary. It is, therefore, necessary to elaborate new strategies, to increase the society’s awareness of the huge importance of heritage, to find a useful manner of the use of historic buildings, to convince the public that this solution can be cheaper and more efficient than the costly construction of new objects and to carry out cheaper temporary repairs and conservation works. It will be necessary to find new funds in order to protect and make use of heritage sites in a way that would ensure their survival.
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Chapels in the Osobowice Cemetery are few in Wroclaw objects connected with national minorities. The Roms appeared in Lower Silesia after the second World War, partly free willingly, partly within the ‘Vistula’ action, though it should bestated that in the area of the Recovered Territories, which were settled by new comers from Poland, they felt good enough. Forms and ideological contents of their chapels-mausolea are related with extremely complex Romany funeral rituals on the one hand and on the other hand they show integration of the Romany circles with culture of the Polish lands. The chapels of Romany families, of the royal Lakatoszes among others, designed by Wroclaw architects, refer to the tradition of Polish Renaissance and resemble to a large extent the chapels of Kalwaria Zebrzydowska. Some of them, however, to some extent have relations with architecture of Romania. One of the chapel designers also speaks on the Roms interest in European architecture. Deep vestibules with columns allow families of the buried one to meet together during his drom passage to heaven’s door. An original relief of one of the Romany tombstones depicting a car also indicates the symbolic of a passage. The Roms from Wroclaw pay large sums to build chapels for the passed away members of their families, even for those who had died on the other side of the Atlantic, although in many cases the sums are not sufficient to end up the commissions. On economical grounds some of the chapels are raised by the Roms themselves. In this case, however, the effect is far worse, despite their attempts to follow classical architectural motifs.
EN
Roma from Romania have been setting their camps in Poland since the early 1990s, so for a quarter of a century now. Yet this phenomenon of inhabitation has not been too often subjected to theoretical or conceptual reflection. This essay focuses on the possible reasons of this exclusion: entrenched stereotypes that obscure the socio-economic background of Roma migrations, as well as on the significant difference between the permanent architecture of houses or housing schemes inhabited by Roma versus the temporary architecture of the camps. An analysis of cultural texts indicates a shared interest in this temporary dwellings on the part of the historical Situationists and contemporary Polish and Roma visual artists; the Dutch architect Constant’s utopia of nomadic cities belongs to the former. Today the architecture of Roma camps can be treated not only as a ‘shadow architecture’ excluded from the public discourse, but also as an inspiration and challenge for present-day thinking about housing design: low-cost, time-effective, in tune with ecological and recycling ideas.
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Kino przestronnego kadru

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EN
  The first edition of American Film Festival took place in Wrocław (20-24/11/2010) and became a great opportunity to watch both the classic and the latest movies made by the American filmmakers. The article Kino przestronnego kadru (Cinema of a large frame) focuses on the festival documentary section. From among the titles that are mentioned, a special author’s attention is dedicated to two movies: And Everything Is Going Fine (directed by Steven Soderbergh, 2010; a haunting picture of life and death of Spalding Gray, American writer and performer of self-written monologues) and Two Escobars (directed by Jeff and Michael Zimbalist, 2010; a story about the Colombian mafia, soccer, drugs, heroes, bandits and much more). Despite many differences beetwen them, each represents a fine art of making remarkable and moving documentaries and for sure it’s worth interest.
PL
Cinema of a large frame   The first edition of American Film Festival took place in Wrocław (20-24/11/2010) and became a great opportunity to watch both the classic and the latest movies made by the American filmmakers. The article Kino przestronnego kadru (Cinema of a large frame) focuses on the festival documentary section. From among the titles that are mentioned, a special author’s attention is dedicated to two movies: And Everything Is Going Fine (directed by Steven Soderbergh, 2010; a haunting picture of life and death of Spalding Gray, American writer and performer of self-written monologues) and Two Escobars (directed by Jeff and Michael Zimbalist, 2010; a story about the Colombian mafia, soccer, drugs, heroes, bandits and much more). Despite many differences beetwen them, each represents a fine art of making remarkable and moving documentaries and for sure it’s worth interest.
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