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1

Der, die oder das? Zum Genusproblem bei Kurzwörtern

100%

Jędrzejowski M.

Lublin Studies in Modern Languages and Literature

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2012

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issue 36

7-20

EN

Abbreviations enrich the vocabulary of languages in general and can be considered an established phenomenon. They decline, undergo composition and form plural. Furthermore, they fulfill many particular functions in language. The present paper deals with the gender of German abbreviations borrowed from other languages. In particular, the author analyses the relation between the gender of an abbreviation and the gender of its full form in an attempt to answer the question if an abbreviation is borrowed with its gender or if the gender is allotted to a given abbreviation in the process of its translation into German. The paper also discusses which method should be chosen to avoid complete arbitrariness in the use of the gender of such abbreviations. Thus, the present paper focuses on an important issue that in contemporary linguistics still awaits a comprehensive treatment.

2

Rosyjskie skrótowce porewolucyjne w pierwszych radzieckich słownikach dwujęzycznych

80%

Mędelska J.

Acta Baltico-Slavica

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2010

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vol. 34

EN

Russian post-revolutionary abbreviations in the first bilingual Russian dictionariesThe process of real expansion of abbreviations started at the end of 19th century and it developed tremendously in 20th century. The process of creating abbreviations in Russian became active after World War I and suddenly became widespread particularly in the post-revolutionary period. At that time abbreviations were created spontaneously and in a disorganized way, yet numerous creations were commonly used. The period of time during which they were used was usually short, compare: ОСОАВИАХИМ (= Общество содействия обороне, авиации и химическому строительству). In most cases they were names of political parties, combat, revolutionary, social and other organizations, for instance: волисполком, военкомат, ревком. This characteristic type of Russian lexis was very troublesome for Polish intellectuals who were trying to code the Polish Russian language, i.e. specific, language code with many Russian and Soviet idioms that was used by the Polish living in the Soviet Union during the post-revolutionary period. Attempts to standardize abbreviations were reflected in translation dictionaries (Polish-Russian and Russian-Polish) published in Moscow in the 30s of 20th century. Русские послереволюционные аббревиатуры в первых советских двуязычных словаряхПроцесс настоящей экспансии аббревиатур начался в конце XIX столетия и продолжался, продвигаясь большими темпами, в ХХ веке. В русском языке аббревиация сильно активизировалась после первой мировой войы, особенно бурно распространялась в ранний послереволюционный период. В то время аббревиатуры образовались спонтанно, стихийно, неупорядоченно, но – несмотря на это – многие подобные образования попадали в общенародный обиход. Как правило, их жизнь быстро обрывалась, ср. ОСОАВИАХИМ (= Общество содействия обороне, авиации и химическому строительству). В основном это были названия политических партий, боевых, революционных, общественных и др. организаций, напр.: волисполком, военкомат, ревком. Этот характерный слой русской лексики доставлял много хлопот польским интеллигентам, пытавшимся кодифицировать советский польский язык, этот особый, сильнорусифицированный и советизированный языковой код, используемый поляками, проживавшими в СССР в межвоенный период. Попытки нормализовать образования аббревиатурного типа нашли отражение в переводных словарях (польско-русском и русско-польском), выпущенных в Москве в 30-е годы ХХ в.

3

Skrótowce z dziedziny wojskowości i przemysłu w Słowniku rosyjsko-niemieckim A.F. Nesslera

80%

Sobczak M.

Heteroglossia - studia kulturoznawczo-filologiczne

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2021

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issue 11

165-180

EN

This paper is devoted to the abbreviations in the field of industry and military registered in the Russian-German Dictionary by A.F. Nessler. The introductory part – b besides a characterization of the source of the linguistic material and a synthesis of research on post-revolutionary abbreviations – includes a historical outline of the migration of Germans to Russian territories and the state of industry and military in the interwar period. The analysis focuses on determining the number of acronyms in each group, their structure and models of lexicographic description. The conclusions of the study are compared with those resulting from the analysis of acronyms included in the Russian-Polish Dictionary published at the same time.

4

Wykaz zastosowanych skrótów czasopism i serii wydawniczych

80%

Longosz S.

Vox Patrum

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1987

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vol. 12

21-26

EN

official

PL

oficjalne

5

KURZWÖRTER IM DEUTSCHEN RAKETENUND ARTILLERIEWORTSCHATZ: STRUKTURELLE UND TRANSLATORISCHE ASPEKTE

80%

Sobczak M.

Acta Neophilologica

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2018

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vol. XX/1

51-63

EN

This his article is devoted to the analysis of the structure of German abbreviations used in the field of artillery and rocket industry and their Russian equivalents registered in a specialized translation dictionary published in 1982. The analytical part of the paper is preceded by a theoretical background, in which selected problems and inconsistencies within the definition of acronyms and abbreviations are touched upon. Then, lexicographical problems of the lexical units in question are pointed out. The article concludes with possible translation solutions of the analyzed abbreviations and acronyms.

6

Uwagi o strukturze i przekładzie skrótowców z dziedziny wojskowości i przemysłu w Słowniku rosyjsko-polskim Józefa Krasnego

80%

Sobczak M.

Acta Polono-Ruthenica

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2019

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vol. Tom 3 Nr XXIV

67-84

EN

This paper examines the structure and translation of industry and military abbreviations compiled by Józef Krasny in the Moscow Russian-Polish dictionary. The first section refers to abbreviations as language units and focusing on the interwar period, provides a brief historical context of abbreviations in the Russian language. It further describes terminological and classification problems and refers to selected aspects of translation.The paper aims first and foremost to analyse the structure of the extracted initialisms, syllabic and complex abbreviations and clipped forms. In addition, it deals with models of their translation and lexicographic representation. Ultimately, it evaluates if the choice of Polish equivalents for Russian abbreviations in the dictionary in question is adequate and consistent.

7

Skrótowce w Wielkim słowniku sportowym rosyjsko-polskim Z. Fedusa (uwagi o przekładzie i strukturze)

70%

Sobczak M.

Heteroglossia - studia kulturoznawczo-filologiczne

|

2020

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issue 10

145-160

EN

The article presents an analysis of lexicographic description and structure of abbreviations registered in the Russian-Polish Great Sports Dictionary by Zbigniew Fedus. The introductory part defines the purpose of the research and characterizes the source of language material. Each of the analytical parts was preceded by a theoretical outline of the issues discussed - the translation of acronyms and their construction. In the course of work, four models of lexicographic description and two basic structural types of abbreviations were distinguished; each part is illustrated by examples. The article ends with a summary, including statistic matters.

8

TEXT AND IMAGE: REVISITING TRAUBE’S HALBGRAPHISCHE OBJEKTE IN A PALEOGRAPHIC-PRAGMATIC APPROACH TO SCRIBAL ABBREVIATION

61%

Rogos-Hebda J.

Kwartalnik Neofilologiczny

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2018

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issue 1

9

Функцыяшрніраванне абрэвiятур у сучаснай беларускай мове (на прыкладзе спецыяльных тэкстаў са сферы 6iзнecy)

61%

Segen L.

Acta Polono-Ruthenica

|

2015

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issue 20

247-256

EN

The problems that have been studied to a small extent by the Belarusian linguists, among other problems abbreviations functionality. Depending on the use of acronyms can be either autonomous or structurally related. Is taken into account position in a specialized text: at the beginning of the text, according to the appearance of the abbreviation in the text at the end of the text. In the title of the text, according to the method of distribution of the opinion we have: abbreviations in the subject (as a function of the entity), abbreviations in the statement (the complement, the term). Using the lexical relationship is defined acronyms, and keywords in the structure of the text. This is possible if: replace abbreviations in the text of one of the tokens included in its full form of the name, write a different abbreviations for the same text.

10

À propos des troncations de noms propres — les spécificités des mots onomastiques tronqués

51%

Fridrichová R.

Linguistica Pragensia

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2014

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vol. 24

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issue 1

34-44

EN

This paper focuses on the current trend of using clipped or abbreviated proper names in contemporary French. Its aim is to describe the specific features of onomastics in the French language. The treatment is based on the author’s doctoral thesis defended in 2012 at the Faculty of Arts of Palacký University in Olomouc, in which clipping was found to often affect proper names. This led to a more detailed and systematic analysis of clippings with a high frequency, proper names and surnames. In the French press, these words are often presented in a playful manner. Journalists know how to play with proper names — not only with those of famous people, but also with various other names. It is therefore not only the need for brevity that may have created clipping but also the need for playfulness that might have motivated the birth of this phenomenon.

11

DOPUSZCZALNOŚĆ SKRACANIA KORPUSU FIRMY SPÓŁKI KAPITAŁOWEJ W ŚWIETLE PRZEPISÓW KODEKSU CYWILNEGO, KODEKSU SPÓŁEK HANDLOWYCH ORAZ USTAWY O KRAJOWYM REJESTRZE SĄDOWYM

51%

DZIADZIO M., OCHWAT P.

Acta Scientifica Academiae Ostroviensis. Sectio A, Nauki Humanistyczne, Społeczne i Techniczne

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2016

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issue 8(2)/2016

418-433

PL

W obecnym stanie prawnym, na tle regulacji Kodeksu cywilnego oraz Kodeksu spółek handlowych w zakresie możliwości posługiwania się skrótami firm istnieje dychotomia powodująca wątpliwości co do dopuszczalności skracania samego korpusu firmy spółki kapitałowej. Z jednej strony Kodeks cywilny wprowadza ogólną zasadę, że przedsiębiorca może posługiwać się skrótem firmy, z drugiej jednak Kodeks spółek handlowych wydaje się prima facie dopuszczać wyłącznie skracanie oznaczeń formy prawnej prowadzenia działalności. Celem artykułu jest uzyskanie odpowiedzi na pytanie kluczowe dla rozstrzygnięcia powyższego problemu, t.j. czy możliwe jest stosowanie przepisów Kodeksu cywilnego do unormowań dotyczących spółek. Wydaje się to dopuszczalne z uwagi odmienny od siebie zakres regulacji odpowiednich prze-pisów k.c. i k.s.h. W artykule wskazane są również argumenty natury systemowej (przede wszystkim jeśli chodzi o zakres podmiotowy i przedmiotowy regulacji k.c. i k.s.h.) i funkcjonalnej (potrzeba dopuszcze-nia w obrocie możliwości używania skrótów korpusów), które przemawiają za dopusz-czalnością skracania korpusu firmy spółki kapitałowej. Artykuł porusza również pro-blematyczną w świetle regulacji Ustawy o KRS kwestię używania skrótów korpusów firm.

EN

In the current state of law, under the regulations of the Polish Civil Code and the Code of Commercial Companies, with respect to using abbreviations of business names of the companies, there is a dichot-omy that causes an uncertainty regarding eligibility of shortening the cores of these names. On the one hand, the Civil Code introduces a general principle that an entrepreneur may use the abbreviated name but, on the other hand, the Code of Commercial Companies prima facie allows only the shortening of the legal form of the companies. The key to resolving this prob-lem is to answer the question whether the art. 2 of the Code of Commercial Compa-nies is applicable. It seems to be possible because of a different scope of the application of the relevant provisions of both Codes. Eligibility of the shortening of the cores is also based on the arguments of systemic nature (especially when it comes to subjective and objective scope of regulations of the Civil Code and the Code of Commercial Companies) as well as functional nature (the need for trading under abbreviated bodies). Using abbreviated cores, however, is problematic in light of the regulations of the Act on the National Court Register.

12

Multisegmentale Kurzwörter in öffentlichen Texten

41%

Murányi-Zagyvai M.

Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław

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2019

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issue 15

157–167

DE

Multisegmentale Kurzwörter (vor allem Buchstabenkurzwörter) sind unentbehrliche Bestandteile von öffentlichen Texten. Bezeichnungen von Parteien, Organisationen, Institutionen usw. erscheinen im Allgemeinen in der Kurzform. Aber nicht immer. Wodurch wird die Wahl zwischen Kurzform und Langform in Reden an die Öffentlichkeit, in Wortmeldungen im Parlament usw. beeinflusst? Ist das nur eine Frage der praktischen Kürze? Höchstwahrscheinlich nicht. Der Kurzwortgebrauch wird durch einen Komplex von mehreren Aspekten motiviert, von denen im Beitrag nur einer, die Sympathie, die Zuneigung (wie z. B. die politische Nähe) untersucht wird. Es wird versucht, auch der Frage nachzugehen, ob die diesbezüglichen Motive der Kurzwortverwendung sprachgebunden sind.

EN

Multisegmental short forms (especially acronyms) are indispensable components of public texts. Terms of parties, organisations, institutions etc. generally appear in abbreviated form. But not always. How is the choice between short form and long form influenced in speeches to the public, speeches in Parliament, etc.? Is this just a question of practical brevity? Most likely not. The use of short words is motivated by a complex of aspects, only one of which will be examined in the presentation: sympathy/affection (such as political closeness).

13

Да пытання вывучэння абрэвiятур у беларускай спецыяльнай мове: правапiс абрэвiятур у сучаснай беларускай мове i яе тэхналектах

41%

Сегень Л.

Białorutenistyka Białostocka

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2015

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vol. 7

PL

W artykule autorka omawia specyfikę skrótowców we współczesnym języku białoruskim. Wiele z nich bardzo szybko wychodzi z aktywnego użytkowania, są zastępowane przez dużą liczbę nowych skróconych jednostek, które nazywają nowe zjawiska rzeczywistości. Analiza wykazała, że nadmierne zwiększenie produktywności skrótowców odbywa się poprzez zastosowanie graficzno-ortograficznej metody słowotwórczej.

EN

In the article the author discusses the specifics of shortcuts in the modern Belarusian language. Many of them very quickly goes out of active use, they are replaced by a large number of new shortcuts, called the new phenomena of reality. The analysis showed that these examples show increasing productivity shortcuts through the use of graphic-orthographic method of word formation.

14

Archiv Českého rozhlasu a jeho využití pro onomastiku

36%

Lábus V.

Acta onomastica

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2016

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vol. 56

140-146

EN

The article introduces historical audio archive of the Czech Radio as means for linguistic and onomastic surveys. The archive has been made accessible and searchable through a software platform that was developed for the automatic transcription of a spoken text. The archive enables to analyze various features of both common nouns and proper names, such as frequency, pronunciation, grammatical characteristics, etc. The author focuses on the most frequent proper names in the year 1977, and compares them with relevant data from the corpora Totalita. Besides that the article also deals with relations between official multi-word proper names, shortened versions, and their initial abbreviations.

15

Словаўтваральныя неалагiзмы ў сучаснай беларускай мове i яе тэхналектах

31%

Сегень Л.

Białorutenistyka Białostocka

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2016

|

vol. 8

PL

W artykule autorka omawia aktualizację i zmianę słownictwa we współczesnym języku białoruskim, kierując szczególną uwagę na ostatnie dziesięciolecie XX i pierwszą dekadę XXI wieku, które charakteryzują się znaczną ilością zapożyczeń z języków zachodnich. Analiza pokazała, że skrótowce, mimo że niezbadane i nieusystematyzowane, nazywają nowe zjawiska rzeczywistości i aktywnie funkcjonują w białoruskich technolektach.

EN

In the article the author discusses updating and changes in modern Belarusian vocabulary paying special attention to the period of the last decade of the 20th century and the first decade of the 21st century, which is characterized by a significant amount of borrowings from Western languages. They nominate new phenomena of reality and function actively in Belarusian technical terminology. As the analysis shows they have not been examined and systematized yet.

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Der, die oder das? Zum Genusproblem bei Kurzwörtern

Rosyjskie skrótowce porewolucyjne w pierwszych radzieckich słownikach dwujęzycznych

Skrótowce z dziedziny wojskowości i przemysłu w Słowniku rosyjsko-niemieckim A.F. Nesslera

Wykaz zastosowanych skrótów czasopism i serii wydawniczych

KURZWÖRTER IM DEUTSCHEN RAKETENUND ARTILLERIEWORTSCHATZ: STRUKTURELLE UND TRANSLATORISCHE ASPEKTE

Uwagi o strukturze i przekładzie skrótowców z dziedziny wojskowości i przemysłu w Słowniku rosyjsko-polskim Józefa Krasnego

Skrótowce w Wielkim słowniku sportowym rosyjsko-polskim Z. Fedusa (uwagi o przekładzie i strukturze)

TEXT AND IMAGE: REVISITING TRAUBE’S HALBGRAPHISCHE OBJEKTE IN A PALEOGRAPHIC-PRAGMATIC APPROACH TO SCRIBAL ABBREVIATION

Функцыяшрніраванне абрэвiятур у сучаснай беларускай мове (на прыкладзе спецыяльных тэкстаў са сферы 6iзнecy)

À propos des troncations de noms propres — les spécificités des mots onomastiques tronqués

DOPUSZCZALNOŚĆ SKRACANIA KORPUSU FIRMY SPÓŁKI KAPITAŁOWEJ W ŚWIETLE PRZEPISÓW KODEKSU CYWILNEGO, KODEKSU SPÓŁEK HANDLOWYCH ORAZ USTAWY O KRAJOWYM REJESTRZE SĄDOWYM

Multisegmentale Kurzwörter in öffentlichen Texten

Да пытання вывучэння абрэвiятур у беларускай спецыяльнай мове: правапiс абрэвiятур у сучаснай беларускай мове i яе тэхналектах

Archiv Českého rozhlasu a jeho využití pro onomastiku

Словаўтваральныя неалагiзмы ў сучаснай беларускай мове i яе тэхналектах