The article exhaustingly defines mobbing and similar behaviours based on abuse. The author briefly describes the behaviour in the school context. She analyses the problem, its causes and possibilities for its prevention. The author puts a special emphasis on all parties taking part in the abuse, outlines types of victims and perpetrators, and discusses the parents’ and especially the teachers’ role. The results of the author’s research are presented from 14 junior high schools in the Warmian-Masurian voivodeship.
Purpose: To examine problem solving behaviors and exposure to dating abuse of the students studying in the Nursing Department, in their romantic relationships. Materials and methods: This research was conducted as descriptive study between 30.12.2013 and 10.03.2014 in a Health School. The research did not perform sampling and included 373 students who could be reached, agreed to participate in the research and had no error in their data collection forms. Data was collected using a 21-question introductory questionnaire developed by the researcher and “the Problem Solving on Romantic Relationships Scale for Adolescents” consisting of 38 questions. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, t test and correlation analysis. Results: 72.5% of the participating students were female and 27.5% were male. It was determined that 43.3% of all the students had a girlfriend /boyfriend, 51% had no romantic relationship before, and 59.5% experienced problems in their relationship. The students whose longest place of residence was in a village were found to be more exposed to emotional and physical abuse (t= 4.99, t=4.55, and p<0.05, respectively). The students who had problems in their romantic relationship were found to be more exposed to emotional abuse and to be more engaged in problem solving. The students who were exposed to abuse in their romantic relationship were more exposed to emotional and physical abuse and also more engaged in problem solving (p<0.05). Conclusions: Abuse is a concept which is still difficult to be expressed. It is important that individuals exposed to abuse are aware of and express this situation.
The present work aims at finding relevant correspondences between Body Dysmorphic Disorder and the literary context of this novel’s main character, Pecola. The creation of such strong interdependence between a literary character and a psychological phenomenon represents a challenge on account of their apparently disparate natures but is nevertheless an enterprise capable of offering great literary and artistic satisfaction to both the reader and the author.
The paper discusses the analysis of respondents’ opinions on the issue of mobbing. The authors were interested in the respondents’ personal attitudes and experience thereof. Readers can find enclosed the results of the survey conducted on the discussed issue.
In the article are analysed scientific approaches in relation to determination of essence of shadow economic activity. Investigational forms of display and factors which influence on a volume shadow the sector of economy. A modern situation is analysed in relation to a fight against acorruption in Ukraine. The levers of organizational-economic mechanism of legalization ofeconomy of Ukraine are definite.
Misery literature is frequently perceived as a new genre, which emerged in the United States in the 1990s. It is usually defined as autobiographical non-fiction dealing with a traumatic childhood and life’s adversities yet many of most famous misery memoirs have been discredited as fakes. Nevertheless, many traits of the genre features have long existed in the history of literature. This article seeks to analyse the roots of misery memoirs, present their characteristic plot structure, explain their commercial popularity and warn of the dangers they might entail.
The Internet is a medium whose capabilities are used in many areas of life. Creating ample opportunities for transmissionof information, whether in the form of the written word, sound, image, facilitating networking and maintaining a large circle of newfriends, inviting them to participate in the three-dimensional games taking place in virtual reality, and providing an innovativeway for shopping or advertising, cyberspace brings unprecedented attractiveness. This feature, however, has become a causeof the increasing number of reports of disturbing, difficult to unambiguously classify, behaviour of people using the network.Among the indisputable advantages associated with allowing the use of Internet resources, emerge temptations and dangerslying in wait for its users from the dark side. This applies above all to people with an unformed world view, those with low levelsof knowledge or an underdeveloped personality. The high risk group are young people, shaping their view of the world based onknowledge acquired, also via the Internet. The problem of Internet abuse is the subject of discussion across many fields of scienceyet the phenomenon has not been clearly identified and defined. Increased awareness of the associated risks, and conclusionsmade at the level of research, make it necessary to define the concepts related to the phenomenon of pathological Internet useand adoption of uniform diagnostic criteria. There is also a need for the urgent implementation of preventive and therapeuticprograms, targeting people at risk of addiction to life in the virtual world.
The presented article is an attempt to show the relationship between the emerging new forms of spirituality and the threat of sects. The authors analyze the contemporary cultural context in terms of widely understood spirituality. They then come to the conclusion that subjectivization of religion leads to destabilization of the religious life of a given community and gives rise to possibilities of abuse in the religious space. At the same time, the authors are aware of the urgent need to free religion from ossification, passivity, the feeling of siege, excessive institutionalisation. However, they want to draw attention to the dangers resulting from the simplification that is increasingly being heard, which can be formulated as follows: Let us move religion into the private sphere, and the problems of religious conflicts and abuses connected with spiritual life will end. The authors draw attention to the fact that the problem is much more complex and requires coordinated action on religious security.
Social Work with Foster Families The Colaboration of Foster Families and Families of OriginThe care for foster children has been an important mode of support in almost any era and society. Until todays, it is a meaningful field of social work with children and families. Foster families provide reliable and stable familial settings for children, who are unable to stay within their families who are in need. They help these children to cope with experiences of neglect, violence and abuse.
L’étude part de l’hypothèse que le partage des données peut – dans des circonstances spécifiques – donner lieu à des agrégations anticoncurrentielles de données précieuses pour la recherche sous la forme de silos de données fermés. Elle aborde la question de savoir si et comment les remèdes en matière de concurrence disponibles en vertu du droit communautaire peuvent être utilisés pour la conception de pools de données proconcurrentiels sur les marchés numériques. Des suggestions intéressantes à cet égard sont données par les récentes politiques de mise en oeuvre adoptées par la Commission européenne sur les marchés de l’innovation de haute technologie. Bien qu’elles visent à rétablir des comportements anticoncurrentiels très différents, ces mesures correctives semblent néanmoins partager la function commune d’ouvrir les alliances d’innovation établies pour le transfert d’actifs d’information précieux pour la recherche à des parties concurrentes externes. Dans ce contexte, la pertinence de ces mesures correctives fondées sur l’information dans le contexte des marchés numériques est remise en question. L’étude met finalement en avant l’opportunité d’une collaboration étroite entre les autorités de la concurrence et de la protection des données pour une gouvernance commune des mesures correctives en matière de partage des données.
EN
The study moves from the assumption that the sharing of data can – under specific circumstances – give rise to anticompetitive aggregations of research-valuable data in the form of closed data silos. It addresses the question whether and how competition remedies available under EU law can be used for the design of pro-competitive data pools in digital markets. Interesting suggestions for these purposes are given by the recent enforcement policies enacted by the European Commission in high technology innovation markets. Although aimed at restoring very different anticompetitive conducts, these remedies nonetheless appear to share the common function of opening up established innovation alliances for the transfer of research-valuable information assets to external competing parties. Against this backdrop, the suitability of such information-based remedies in the context of digital markets is questioned. The study ultimately puts forward the opportunity of a close collaboration between competition and data protection authorities for a joint governance of data sharing remedies.
The article “Family Violence Based on the Blue Card. A Characteristic of the Data of the Police Headquarters VI in Warsaw” is presenting such issues as: the crime of abuse, effectiveness of the police in the realization of the “Blue Card” procedure, an analysis of data contained in the Blue Card of Police Headquarters VI in Warsaw; a characteristic of domestic violence perpetrator, a profile of domestic violence victim, types of domestic violence, intoxicants used by perpetrators of family violence and their effects, cases of violence towards adults and juveniles and consequences of establishing the Blue Card record.
Artykuł prezentuje dane Niebieskich Kart z Komendy Powiatowej Policji w Żyrardowie pochodzące z lat 2012-2015. Zwrócono uwagę na takie zagadnienia, jak: liczba wypełnionych formularzy Niebieskich Kart na przestrzeni wskazanych lat, miejsce zamieszkania osób je wypełniających, charakterystykę ofiar i sprawców przemocy w rodzinie, liczbę osób zatrzymanych stosujących przemoc w rodzinie, sprawców przemocy domowej pod wpływem alkoholu oraz rodzaje przemocy i pomoc udzieloną jej ofiarom. Wybrane zagadnienia z części empirycznej zostały porównane z wcześniejszymi badaniami przeprowadzonymi przez Autorkę w omawianym przedmiocie badań.
EN
The article introduces the Blue Cards data of the District Police Headquarters in Żyrardów from the period of 2012-2015. It concentrates on such issues as: the number of completed forms of Blue Cards over the mentioned period of time, the domicile of persons filling them up, the profile of victims and perpetrators of domestic violence, the number of domestic violence perpetrators detained by the police, perpetrators under the influence of alcohol and types of violence and the help offered to victims. Selected issues from the empirical part were compared with the earlier research conducted by the Author in the discussed subject area.
The article presents data of the Blue Cards from the Warsaw VI District Police Headquarters from 2015 (VII-XII) -2018 (I-III). Special attention was paid to such issues as: the profiles of the perpetrator and victim of domestic violence, types of violence and its frequency, committing acts of violence under the influence of alcohol and the effects of such acts, as well as elements of the amendment of Article 207 of the Criminal Code. Particular issues from the empirical part were compared with previous studies carried out by the author in the subject of the study.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia dane Niebieskich Kart z Komendy Rejonowej Policji Warszawa VI z lat 2015 (VII-XII) – 2018 (I-III). Zwrócono szczególną uwagę na takie zagadnienia jak: profil sprawcy i ofiary przemocy w rodzinie, rodzaje przemocy i jej częstotliwość, popełnianie aktów przemocy pod wpływem alkoholu i skutki takich czynów, a także elementy nowelizacji art. 207 k.k. Poszczególne zagadnienia z części empirycznej zostały porównane z wcześniejszymi badaniami przeprowadzonymi przez Autorkę w ukazanym przedmiocie badań.
This paper reflects, from a sociological perspective, on the nature of authority in the Church and on the modes of governance and character of the internal self-organisation of the institution of Roman Catholicism. Historically there are no restrictions to democratisation of the Catholic church. On the other hand, at the time of a credibility crisis the necessity for accountability strengthens the trend towards wider forms of democracy. The efficiency and integrity of Catholicism demand transparency of structures and accountability of leaders, who have frequently , especially in Ireland, failed in their supervision by mishandling and covering up abuse cases
ObjectivesThe aim of the research was to check whether the organizational climate explains behaviors harmful to the organization. Theoretical justification for the research was provided by the Stressor-Emotion Model by Spector and Fox (2005), in which various stressors lead to the depletion of resources, which in effect favors engaging in unethical work behaviors.Material and MethodsThe research was conducted with the participation of 230 people aged 19–67 (125 women and 105 men) with at least 1 year of seniority. The following set of techniques was used: the Organizational Climate Questionnaire by Kolb, the Counterproductive Work Behaviors-Checklist by Spector et al., and metrics.ResultsThe obtained results indicate that the higher the employees assess the climate in the company, the rarer counterproductive work behaviors (CWBs) appear in the form of abuse, sabotage, theft and withdrawal, both in the group of women and men. All the dimensions of the organizational climate, such as the level of responsibility, requirements, organization, evaluation of awards, management, and the sense of warmth and support, are important for this relationship. The moderating role of gender in the relationship between organizational climate and CWBs was achieved for sabotage and withdrawal, and the following environmental conditions: organizational climate, responsibility, requirements, and organization.ConclusionsThese results may be applied in designing a supportive organizational climate to weaken CWBs such as abuse, sabotage, theft and withdrawal.
Private enforcement in Lithuania is still at the early development stage, as only a few infringement decisions of the national competition authority – the Competition Council of the Republic of Lithuania – have been followed on by private antitrust claims. Nevertheless, it might be observed that victims of competition law infringements tend to initiate standalone claims for compensation of damages in Lithuania. However, not all of those cases are successful. On 3 March 2017, the Court of Appeal of Lithuania rejected a damages claim for EUR 2.9 million brought by a company that claimed to have been refused infrastructure access (an essential facility) by the dominant state-owned telecommunication company; infrastructure access was necessary for the provision of its own services. The case is interesting and worth mentioning due to the complexity and interrelation of competition law and the regulation of electronic communications (such as the interrelation of dominance in competition law and significant market power under the regulatory framework). The case is also noteworthy becaouse of the lack of involvement by the Competition Council and the Communication Regulatory Authority as well as their position in the dispute. Of relevance is also a change made to the laws related to the dispute and further consequences of the dispute.
Artykuł zawiera opis metodologii Ogólnopolskiej diagnozy problemu przemocy wobec dzieci. Przedstawiono w nim zastosowaną procedurę badawczą oraz omówiono etapy pracy nad kwestionariuszem — od adaptacji Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire, przez zmiany wprowadzone w wyniku pilotażu, po ostateczną jego formę. Artykuł zawiera również opis zastosowanych mechanizmów mających zapewnić bezpieczeństwo respondentów, charakterystykę badanej próby oraz ograniczenia badawcze.
EN
The article includes a description of the methodology of National Survey of Child and Youth Victimization in Poland. It describes research procedure applied and discusses the steps of the development of the questionnaire — from the adaptation of the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire through changes made in result of pilot study to the its fi nal form. The article includes also a description of the mechanisms used to ensure the safety of respondents, characteristics of the sample and research limitations.
The novels of the Civil Rights Era are the place where voices speak the unspeakable, where the reader is showed from various angles the human character in times of con-flict. The novels chosen for analysis—The Color Purple and Native Son uncover op-pression and trauma, ways to cope with the ills of a society, and the forms of redemp-tion or healing methods according to the case. The issues tackled are not just racial, they are human issues too. In every story there are universal lessons for times of conflict when the power of reason should prevail. The message is to learn from history and thus prevent evil from reappearing.
Celem artykułu jest omówienie problemu przemocy wobec dzieci na przykładzie Walii, której wybór jako matière à penser nie był bynajmniej przypadkowy i wynikał z wyjątkowości społeczeństwa walijskiego na tle pozostałych społeczeństw europejskich. Owa wyjątkowość wynika przede wszystkim ze zjawiska, które w piśmiennictwie określa się mianem dewolucji władzy, a które polega na delegowaniu przez władze centralne (w tym przypadku władze w Londynie) części posiadanych kompetencji instytucjom regionalnym. Zakłada się, że dewolucja pozwala na efektywniejsze radzenie sobie z problemami społecznymi, takimi jak chociażby przemoc wobec dzieci. Stanowi bowiem przykład korzyści płynących z realizacji zasady subsydiarności na gruncie społeczno-politycznym. Artykuł rozpoczyna się od wprowadzenia teoretycznego do poruszanej problematyki, po którym przedstawiono najważniejsze dane dotyczące skali i zakresy przemocy wobec dzieci w Walii, a także główne akty prawne obowiązujące na terenie Walii. Artykuł kończy prezentacja wybranych przykładów działań, które podejmowane są przez jednostki samorządu lokalnego.
EN
The purpose of this article is to discuss the issue of child abuse on the example of Wales, whose choice as a matière à penser was no accidental and was due to the uniqueness of Welsh society against other European societies. This uniqueness is primarily due to a phenomenon which in the literature of the subject is defined as devolution of power, which consists in the delegation of powers from the central government to regional or local level. It is assumed that devolution allows for more effective coping with social problems such as child abuse. It represents an example of the benefits of implementing the subsidiarity principle on a social and political basis. The article begins with a theoretical introduction to the issue and then presents the most important data concerning child abuse in Wales as well as the key legislative acts. The article ends with the presentation of selected examples of activities undertaken by local government units.
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