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EN
In this paper I intend to discuss some notions encountered in Jacques Derrida’s The Truth in Painting (1978) immediately linked to the manner in which the art object2 is understood and addressed, its limits, what it does/does not include/exclude, what it touches upon—if we can use such formalist terms in a deconstructive framework. These notions have perhaps formed in the past decades the art object, even though there is no frequent reference of Derridean deconstruction in texts regarding art.3 The ones I will mostly refer to are the parergon, the frame and the abyss. I intend to support that Derrida has not just doubted the limits between ergon and parergon but has also illustrated in an almost painterly manner the abyss and the parergon, thus reframing fields of aesthetics, philosophically and visually.
XX
The presence of Franz Kafka’s influence in various Latin American narrative writers is well known and studied. Less known is the influence Kafka had on the Chilean (anti)poet Nicanor Parra. Some of the most prominent critics of Parra’s work mention it, but it has not been studied in depth. This present article tries to shine light on the antiheroism, dark humor and the anxiety of mortality which are common for both Parra and Kafka.
EN
This article is devoted to the analysis and interpretation of the drama entitled Abyss by Tadeusz Konczynski with the emphasis on the issue of spiritual nothingness. It aims to diagnose the reality close to the characters, which revolves around the materialistic conception of life and the crisis of traditional morality. Another matter discussed is the creation of the protagonist, who is the expression of “the new age” and the embodiment of moral decay. The author of the article analyses the destructive impact of the character on his close surroundings. She also considers his outlook upon the world, which constitutes the main motive for his actions. The author refers to the notion of liberty or ethical relativism and considers the character’s attitude in the context of nihilism. With regard to that, she points out that the work by Konczynski engages in a dialogue with the thought of Nietzsche. The final issue of concern to the author is the problem of overcoming moral nothingness as well as the relation between ethics and aesthetics.
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PL
W pieśniach kościelnych pojawia się dość często trójpoziomowy obraz kosmosu: w górze firmament, niżej ziemia, a pod nią otchłań. Obok tego zauważa się obecność dualistycznej koncepcji człowieka, złożonego z ciała i duszy. Są to relikty, dziś już anachroniczne, filozofii platońskiej. W artykule poddano analizie, z tego punktu widzenia, teksty pieśni zawartych w ogólnopolskim Śpiewniku kościelnym ks. Jana Siedleckiego CM, wyd. 41, Kraków 2015. Odnaleziono w nim liczne przykłady obydwu typów platonizmu: kosmologicznego i antropologicznego. Pokazano przy tym trudności, na jakie natrafiają próby filozoficznego udowodnienia istnienia duszy nieśmiertelnej. Stwierdzono, że Nowy Testament wyraźniej otwiera nadzieję na wieczne życie człowieka wiernego Bogu. Język biblijny zastosowany do problemu zmartwychwstania pozwala uniknąć trudności, w jakie wikłają się starożytne systemy filozoficzne. Autor wnioskuje, by przy tworzeniu nowych pieśni unikać obydwu typów platonizmu, a zachowując zabytkowe teksty pieśni, nie trzymać się kurczowo ich niekiedy anachronicznych znaczeń.
EN
In some church songs we may observe a three-level representation of the Universe: the heaven above, the earth below, and the abyss underneath. Furthermore we observe there a dualistic conception of the human beings, composed of body and soul. These views are the parts of the Plato’s doctrine, now outdated. In this paper the texts of the church songs, contained in the all-Polish Church songbook by Fr. John Siedlecki CM, published in Cracow in 2015, have been analyzed from this point of view. Many examples of both types of Platonism, cosmological and anthropological, have been detected there. The philosophical arguments for the existence of an immortal soul, recently proposed, turned out to be unconvincing. More persuading are some texts of the New Testament, in which Jesus and his apostles ensure the eternal life for the honest and god-fearing people. The biblical sense of such words as body and soul, permit to avoid the difficulties in the ancient philosophical systems. The author postulates avoiding the above mentioned Platonic ideas in the composing of the new church songs, but at the same time the treating with respect the traditional liturgical texts, always keeping in mind that their ideological sense may be a bit out of date.
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