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Fikcja zdarzenia historycznego w kontekście zasady skargowości. O kradzieży będącej paserstwem (a może odwrotnie?)

100%
Zontek W., Wojtaszczyk A.
Forum Prawnicze
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2020
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issue 2 (58)
76–87
EN
The criminal trial is constrained within the bounds set by the indictment filed by the prosecutor. However, as it quite frequently happens, the initial description of the crime in the indictment requires further modifications in the course of the trial. Some of these modifications are rather trivial (date or other quantitative features, venue, etc.) but other, leading to a complete overhaul of the indictment, are quite problematic. As according to the judiciary neither legal qualification nor the de- scription of the indicted crime is binding for the court, only the “historic event” provides bounds for such modifications. Unfortunately, recent Supreme Court rulings seem to be contradictory – some extend the boundaries of modifications to extreme (factual event regardless of its vagueness), while other limit that by claiming that the concept of “historic event” may not be so general to enable a de facto alterna- tive indictment. Has „historic event” as criterion become a pure fiction? Are there any procedural mechanisms to secure the right to defense in case of modifications?
2
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Accusatorial Principal in a Roman Criminal Procedure Before quaestiones perpetuae

63%
Zalewski B.
Studia Iuridica Lublinensia
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2016
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vol. 25
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issue 3
EN
The main object of this paper, is to present classical accusatorial procedure on the example of trial before Roman criminal courts, called quaestiones perpetuae. Roman criminal procedure in the period of late Republic, and partially in early Empire, based on the accusatorial principal, which in continental law legal orders, is associated with adversarial justice. This article consists of six parts: introduction, short description of what quaestiones perpertuae were, analysis of the objective and subjective aspects of accusation (accusatio, ius accusationis), procedure of lodging the criminal charge and summary.
PL
Głównym celem artykułu jest przedstawienie klasycznej procedury skargowej na przykładzie postępowania przed rzymskimi sądami karnymi zwanymi quaestiones perpetuae. Rzymskie postępowanie karne w okresie późnej republiki i wczesnego cesarstwa opierało się o zasadę skargowości, która w kontynentalnych porządkach prawnych jest powszechnie kojarzona z procesem kontradyktoryjnym. Opracowanie składa się z sześciu części: wprowadzenia, krótkiego opisu quaestiones perpetuae, analizy zagadnień przedmiotowych i podmiotowych związanych z oskarżeniem (accusatio, ius accustionis), opisu procedury wnoszenia skargi karnej i podsumowania.
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