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EN
The article highlights the theoretical analysis of the issue of usage of passive phonation theory in correctional and speech therapy work with children at the present stage of development of integration processes in education. It is stated in the article that the possession of speech in the preschool age children in the conditions of the dysontogenesis is slow and peculiar. At each step of development they have difficulties in the assimilation of those or other units of speech. During the presentation of material, article describes the relationship of hearing and speech, covers the active nature of hearing. The author also highlights the information of the close relationship between logopedics and other sciences. The connection with musical art in general and phonopedia in particular gains special importance. In the course of presentation the article, author explains the expediency of phonopedia in working with children with speech disorders. The article highlights the role of passive phonation in the organization and development of speech. It discloses a problem of speech activity formation among children and the most important stages of logopedic work in this direction. In the correction and speech therapy work with children important steps are stimulation of speech activity, voice training, automation and differentiation of sounds. Hearing, perception and speech playback get huge importance here. In work with children with speech disorders it is necessary to pay great attention to what kids listen to on the radio, the television, from the mouths of teachers and parents. Scientists have proved that it is active listening and understanding of reverse speech that help the child to master the correct pronunciation of speech sounds and lexical and grammatical speech systems completely. The education of the muscular sense and passive phonation is very important in the formation of speech activity of children. Passive phonation is a motor reactions of the articulation apparatus organs in response to auditory stimuli that replicate the identical pronunciation of the sound articulation structure, but have a lower intensity. We believe that in working with children with lalopathy it is advisable to use techniques of active listening and passive phonation in forms of listening, singing and pronouncing (or reading in working with school students) to themselves on the stages of stimulation of speech activity, voice training, automation and differentiation of sounds.
EN
Medicine is not only a strict science, but above all, it represents a human science, in which the focus is on a human being, a patient and his health. Nowadays, clinical medicine is not only about treating a disease (to cure), but also about treating a patient as a whole (care). The object of medicine has remained the same, a man and his health. This article aims at effective communication in physician - patient relationship. There arises a question whether effective communication aimed at active listening may help in physician - patient relationship. More precisely, what could be its outcomes when it comes to patients ́ compliance of a treatment and their further satisfaction.
Rozprawy Społeczne
|
2018
|
vol. 12
|
issue 3
7-13
PL
Celem artykułu jest wskazanie sposobów rozumienia i rozwijania empatii w kontekście relacji rówieśniczych wśród dzieci i przeciwdziałania zjawisku przemocy w szkole. Postawa empatyczna jest składnikiem komunikacji interpersonalnej i warunkiem prawidłowego funkcjonowania dziecka w grupie rówieśniczej. Trening aktywnego słuchania i uważności przyczynia się do poprawy więzi między członkami społeczności szkolnej, a w dalszej perspektywie ogranicza zachowania ryzykowne u dzieci. Empatia łączy się z innymi składnikami kompetencji społecznych, takimi jak: asertywność, współdziałanie, komunikatywność i wywieranie wpływu. Zdolność rozumienia emocji i zachowania innych osób, współodczuwanie oraz umiejętność patrzenia na rzeczywistość z innej perspektywy są niezbędne w rozwiązywaniu sytuacji konfliktowych. Wczucie się w pełni w niepowtarzalny świat przeżyć, myśli, uczuć i pragnień drugiego człowieka jest możliwe wyłącznie w relacji osobowej, która stwarza szanse nawiązania i utrzymania pozytywnych więzi społecznych. Artykuł przedstawia sposoby rozwijania empatii w szkole, takie jak: metoda dramy i „Porozumienia bez Przemocy” M.B. Rosenberga.
EN
The aim of this article is to present ways of understanding and developing empathy in the context of peer relationships in children. It seems essential to define the correlation between empathy and the reduction of school violence and aggression. Empathy is a component of interpersonal communication and a condition for the proper functioning of a child in a peer group. Active listening and mindfulness training improve the bond between members of the school community and, in the long run, limit risky behaviour in children. Empathy connects with other components of social competence, such as assertiveness, collaboration, communicativeness and influence. The ability to understand others’ emotions and behaviours, feeling compassion and an ability to look at reality from a different perspective are very crucial in resolving conflict situations. Experiencing the unique world of events, thoughts, feelings and desires of another human being is possible only in a personal relationship that creates opportunities for establishing and maintaining positive social relationships. The article describes ways to develop empathy at school, such as drama and Rosenberg’s “The Non-Violence Arrangements”.
EN
Interpersonal communication plays a key role in the therapeutic process. Having a basic knowledge of the principles of good communication can significantly improve the quality of therapy. The Nonviolent Communication (NVC) method is based on the principles of active listening, expression of feelings and needs, clear observations and constructive feedback. The use of this method in the therapy of patients with voice disorders makes it possible to identify their needs, personalize the therapeutic process and effectively achieve therapy goals. The NVC contributes to the development of the patient’s communication skills, increased awareness of voice functioning and motivation to make changes. The use of this method and its further development can contribute to a greater understanding and use of its potential in the area of voice disorder therapy, benefiting both patients and therapists.
PL
Komunikacja interpersonalna odgrywa kluczową rolę w procesie terapeutycznym. Posiadanie podstawowej wiedzy dotyczącej zasad dobrej komunikacji może znacząco poprawić jakość terapii. Metoda Nonviolent Communication (NVC) opiera się na zasadach aktywnego słuchania, wyrażania uczuć, potrzeb i próśb, formułowania czystych obserwacji oraz konstruktywnej informacji zwrotnej. Wykorzystanie tej metody w terapii pacjentów z zaburzeniami głosu pozwala na identyfikację ich potrzeb, personalizację procesu terapeutycznego oraz skuteczne osiąganie celów terapii. Nonviolent Communication przyczynia się do rozwoju umiejętności komunikacyjnych w celu sprawniejszego przekazywania informacji dotyczących aspektów związanych z procesem rehabilitacji. Stosowanie tej metody i jej dalszy rozwój mogą przyczynić się do większego zrozumienia i wykorzystania jej potencjału w obszarze terapii głosu zaburzonego, przynosząc korzyści zarówno dla pacjentów, jak i terapeutów.
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