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XX
Adverbial participles are often mentioned as one of the defining features of the Polish Biblical style. This is certainly an accurate view with regard to the older translations of the Bible, but it requires to be verified with regard to modern attempts. The paper analyses the frequency and the typical use of adverbial participles in seven modern Polish translations of the Bible, and tests whether they differ from the use in texts that were originally written in Polish. It is not possible to give a clear answer to the question whether adverbial participles are or are not one of the indicators of the modern Polish Biblical style. On one hand, adverbial constructions occur with higher frequency in most of the analysed translations than they do in the originally Polish texts, but on the other hand, in some of the translations, their use is being purposefully limited. This prompts the conclusion that the occurrence of adverbial participles, in the synchronic aspect, is a feature of individual translations rather than a prototypical indicator of the modern Polish Biblical style, understood as a model.
Poradnik Językowy
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2022
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vol. 790
|
issue 1
147-166
EN
Hybrid verb forms constitute a relevant aspect that has been little studied by linguists. The paper discusses hybrid verb forms in order to determine structural and semantic differences against the background of Polish and Ukrainian. The hybridity of verb forms lies in the formation of parts of speech that combine categories characteristic of different classes of words, such as voice, tense, refl exivity, case, number. Such forms include the verbal noun, adjectival participle, impersonal predicative forms ending with -no, -to, and infi nitive. The use of the comparative analysis made it possible to separate common and different features in both languages. Polish and Ukrainian are characterised by different degrees of convergence with verb or noun, in particular due to the category of refl exivity. The paper states that all these mixed parts of speech are united by the category of aspect, which relates primarily to verb. The paper also analyses the functioning of hybrid verb forms in modern Polish and Ukrainian.
PL
Hybrydalne formy czasownikowe są aktualnym i niewystarczająco zbadanym przez językoznawców zagadnieniem. W artykule dokonano opisu hybrydalnych form czasownikowych w celu porównania ich w materiale pochodzącym z języka polskiego i ukraińskiego, analizy tych form ze wspólnego punktu widzenia – procesualności. Hybrydalność polega na formowaniu części mowy, które łączą w sobie kategorie charakterystyczne dla różnych (werbalnych i imiennych) klas leksemów, np.: strony, czasu, zwrotności, przypadka oraz liczby. Do takich form zalicza się: rzeczownik odczasownikowy, imiesłów przymiotnikowy, bezosobowe formy na -no, -to oraz bezokolicznik. Zastosowanie metody porównawczej umożliwiło wyodrębnienie wspólnych i odmiennych cech w obu językach oraz scharakteryzowanie stopnia bliskości z czasownikiem czy rzeczownikiem, szczególnie dzięki kategorii zwrotności, chociaż jest to tylko formalna zbieżność z formami zwrotnymi. Wszystkie wyżej wymienione części mowy łączy wspólna kategoria aspektu. Stwierdzono produktywność procesu tworzenia rzeczowników odczasownikowych.
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