Search results - CEJSH

1

Kwestie dotyczące rolnictwa w negocjacjach Transatlantyckiego Partnerstwa w dziedzinie Handlu i Inwestycji

100%

Hajdukiewicz A.

International Business and Global Economy

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2014

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vol. Volume 33

285–296

EN

Agricultural issues are among the most difficult topics in the negotiations of the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership between the European Union and the United States. The purpose of the article was to identify the scale and scope of differences of opinions on the major issues of the negotiations related to agriculture and to try to assess the possibility of reaching a compromise that takes into account both the existing constraints and potential benefits. Research results, based on the study of literature and analysis of source documents, revealed significant differences in approaches especially in matters of food safety and protection of geographical indications. A compromise is therefore very difficult to obtain, despite the considerable potential benefits resulting from the increase in bilateral trade. It seems that it would be relatively easy to determine the issues of tariff reductions on agricultural and food products, whereas a compromise with regard to non-tariff measures, in particular certain sanitary and phytosanitary barriers, would be the most difficult to reach.

2

Opinia prawna w sprawie zmian w zasadach opodatkowania dochodów osób fizycznych ze sprzedaży przetworzonych w inny sposób niż przemysłowy produktów roślinnych i zwierzęcych pochodzących z własnej uprawy, hodowli lub chowu, wprowadzonych ustawą z 9 kwietnia 2015 r. o zmianie ustawy o podatku dochodowym od osób fizycznych oraz niektórych innych ustaw

100%

Kulicki J.

Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS

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2016

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issue 1(49)

209-226

EN

From 1 January 2016, revenues of the taxpayer from sale of plant and animal products originating from one’s own crops, farming or breeding, converted (processed) by a non-industrial manner are classified as revenues other sources. In the author’s opinion, the changes achieve only partly the objectives specified in the reasons for the Senate bill amending the Natural Persons’ Income Tax Act and amending the Act on Freedom of Economic Activity. A positive assessment is made of the changes in the Act on Freedom of Economic Activity and the Act on Local Taxes and Fees. The changes in the rules for taxation of income from sale of plant and animal products, processed in a non-industrial manner and originating from one’s own crops or farming, are, according to the author, neutral from the point of view of the criterion of income tax burden.

3

Regulation on the use of seeds (ECPRD Request No. 4635)

100%

Stankiewicz D.

Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS

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2021

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issue 4(72)

189-193

EN

The farmers are allowed, under certain conditions, to use seeds from harvest for sowing. Only the breeder who holds an exclusive right to a plant variety can reproduce it and offer for sale. The breeder can make an agreement with a seed company and sign a license contract. Commercial preparation for sowing or planting a variety protected by an exclusive right also requires breeder’s consent.

4

Uwarunkowania rozwoju rolnictwa w obwodzie kaliningradzkim

85%

Michalski T.

Rozwój Regionalny i Polityka Regionalna

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2011

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issue 14

137-150

EN

The paper attempts to analyze determinants of agriculture in the Kaliningrad Oblast after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Natural and non-natural determinants were analyzed on a macro and a mezo scale. It was found out that the overall impact on the weak level of development of agriculture is exerted by the all-Russian determinants (economic collapse in Russia which took place after the disintegration of the former USSR; continuing by authorities in Moscow of the “raw material”; direction of the development of the country; ineptly conducted decollectivization). On the other hand, the mezoscale determinants (converting the Kaliningrad Oblast into an enclave as a result of the collapse of the former Soviet Union; giving too great weight to the exogenous determinants of the development of the oblast at the cost of the endogenous ones by central and district authorities; assigning superior role to the special economic zone in the development of the oblast) additionally influence negatively, worsening the already bad condition of agriculture in the oblast.

PL

W opracowaniu podjęto próbę analizy uwarunkowań rolnictwa w obwodzie kaliningradzkim po rozpadzie Związku Radzieckiego. Poddano analizie uwarunkowania przyrodnicze oraz pozaprzyrodnicze w dwóch skalach przestrzennych: makro i mezo. Stwierdzono, że ogólny wpływ na słaby poziom rozwoju rolnictwa mają uwarunkowania ogólnorosyjskie (zapaść gospodarcza w Rosji, jaka miała miejsce po rozpadzie byłego ZSRR; kontynuowanie przez władze w Moskwie „surowcowej” orientacji rozwoju kraju; nieudolnie przeprowadzana dekolektywizacja). Natomiast uwarunkowania mezoskalowe (przekształcenie obwodu kaliningradzkiego w eksklawę w następstwie rozpadu byłego Związku Radzieckiego; nadanie przez władze centralne i obwodowe zbyt dużej wagi egzogennym uwarunkowaniom rozwoju obwodu kosztem endogennych; przypisanie nadrzędnej roli specjalnej strefie ekonomicznej w rozwoju obwodu) dodatkowo oddziałują negatywnie, pogarszając i tak niekorzystną sytuację rolnictwa w obwodzie. W efekcie poziom rozwoju rolnictwa w obwodzie jest dużo niższy niż na sąsiednich terenach Litwy oraz województwa warmińsko-mazurskiego.

5

Miejsce rodzinnego gospodarstwa rolnego w obrocie rolnym (zagadnienia wybrane)

80%

Stefańska K.

Studia Iuridica Agraria

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2012

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vol. 10

92-104

EN

To the concept of a family farm, constituting under article 23 of the Constitution, the basis of the agricultural system, the legislator refers in a number of legal acts. Among these laws are those that are of particular importance for the structural transformation of agriculture, and also concern trading of agricultural land. In the essay it was attempted to determine the place of a family farm in this legal regulation. Analysis carried out in this field shows there is a lot of inconsistency in enacted in this area legal regulations. The legislator refers primarily to proprietary market, builds a model of agricultural holding mainly on property law, while in the Act on forming rural system indicates that the family farm is a farm run by, for example, the leaseholder. Family farm is treated rather instrumentally to agricultural trade, rather than as a value that should be subject to special protection.

6

Nieruchomość rolna i gruntowa w Polskim porządku prawnym

80%

Bylicki L.

Zeszyty Naukowe PWSZ w Płocku. Nauki Ekonomiczne

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2015

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vol. 1(21)

165-181

EN

The publications includes issues related to real estate management in Poland, which is an important factor of real estate management processes generally understood as the exchange of goods and services. Is primarily of interest to economic science. Anyone who is involved in real estate management should take into account the legal regulations concerning the property. These regulations, however, are not limited to only one Land Management Act, but they are scattered in different legal acts. Real estate regulations apply to both private law and with public law. There is therefore a need to provide the basics, especially legal, real estate management, resulting primarily from the needs of the practice.

7

Situation in the Czech agriculture after 9 years of EU accession – a research position to strategic challenges for a future policy after 2013

80%

Šlajs J., Doucha T.

Zagadnienia Ekonomiki Rolnej

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2014

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issue 1(338)

116-127

EN

The main characteristics of the present Czech agriculture – a critical assessment from research point of view. Strategic goals for the Czech agriculture. Research position to the CAP reform after 2013 respecting the strategic goals: improvement of relations of agriculture to environment; increase of effectiveness and competitiveness of farms; balanced approach to distribution of supports; agriculture and renewable energy; agriculture and rural development.

8

Rolnictwo jako dział gospodarki polskiej w okresie transformacji

80%

Dudek A.

Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development

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2012

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issue 2(24)

33-44

EN

In macroeconomic terms, agriculture is considered as one of the sectors of national economy – system of many elements which are in a specific connection. In the con-temporary free market economy, entities operating in agriculture occur on the agricultural market in a role of sellers or/and buyers. The agricultural market is being transformed along with the socio-economic development. In Poland, since the beginning of transformation, the role of agriculture in the economy has been changing, thus the conditions of the actors on the agricultural market have been changing, too. The aim of this article is to analyse the observed changes in Polish agriculture after 1990, including changes of employment in the agricultural sector, changes in the share of agriculture in the creation of Polish GDP, changes of the educational level of leaders of farmers’ households and the average real disposable income of the households, as well as changes in the agrarian structure, etc.

9

Wybrane problemy interpretacyjne obowiązkowych ubezpieczeń rolnych

80%

Malik A.

Studia Iuridica Agraria

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2015

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vol. 13

243-256

EN

This article analyses the specific problems of compulsory agricultural insurances in Polish legal system, including liability insurance of the holder of homestead, insurance for buildings included in the homestead – from fire and the other risks, and crop insurance – from random events. In particular, the author explains the meaning of selected problems of interpretation in the practical application of individual regulations. These considerations are focused on the problem of personal range and realization of the insurance requirements, duration of the insurance contracts, and analysis of the effectiveness of crop insurance regulation. In this regard, the author also reports specific de lege ferenda conclusions.

10

Proekologiczne instrumenty wsparcia zrównoważonego rozwoju obszarów wiejskich

80%

Jeżyńska B.

Studia Iuridica Agraria

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2012

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vol. 10

251-264

EN

In Poland and in many EU member states, rural areas are the dominant part of the country’s area. Their sustainable development determines the degree of the development and progress taking place in the country. The EU Commission has decided that agriculture is an integral part of the economy and European society. The development of Europe’s rural areas and the protection of the environment should be the main goal of European societies and public authorities should be sustainable, intelligent and supporting social including. The implementation of such goals requires the development of new legal regulations creating mechanisms of the common agricultural policy, both in terms of agricultural production and its impact on rural development. In the Projects Pack 2020 CAP the range of financial instruments promoting environmental activities has changed considerably, indicating the increased importance of environmental protection in agricultural production processes and other activities carried out in rural areas. Maintaining environmental requirements is an essential prerequisite for the majority of support and constant element of monitoring, control and evaluation of economic and social activities undertaken in rural areas.

11

Využití dotací z fondu EAFRD Program rozvoje venkova jako zdroje financování a podpory rozvoje regionu

80%

Tuček J., Marek V., Kabourková K.

Littera Scripta

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2009

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vol. 1

79-85

EN

This contribution solves possibility of additional financing of entrepreneurial investments projects. At the present time can help grants from EAFRD to develop of entrepreneurial bodies and develop of the whole regions. One family farm from České Budějovice region is presented as a significant example of the role of grants of EAFRD. The owner used the grant for the development of his farm. His project was successful and helped to create new working points and develop of competitive environment.

12

The Application of Ontology for Indexing of Publications in the Life Sciences

80%

Karwowski W.

Information Systems in Management

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2014

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vol. 3

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issue 3

159-169

EN

Ontologies recently have important role especially in knowledge management systems dedicated for agriculture. In the paper, issues related to indexing documents against the ontology, are presented and discussed. Problems with indexing documents in Polish language which has an extensive inflection are described. There are presented and discussed examples of ontologies and thesauri in the field of life sciences, in particular possible to use to describe aspects of plant production. We have tested Agrotagger the existing tool for indexing agricultural texts with publication in Polish. Original software developed for indexing web pages in Polish against potato ontology is described. In the final part some conclusions and plans for further research are formulated.

13

Problematyka rolna w świetle nowej umowy handlowej UE–USA (Transatlantic Trade & Investment Agreement)

80%

Marciniuk K.

Studia Iuridica Agraria

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2013

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vol. 11

227-241

EN

On 8 July 2013 the United States and the European Union commenced negotiations over new trade agreement – Transatlanctic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP). Once concluded, the TTIP may turn to be one of the most significant free trade agreements. It’s importance would not be limited to the bilateral trade relations between the United States and the European Union, but most probably, achieving agreement over TTIP will reinvigorate negotiations over the global agreement during the WTO’s Doha Round. Agriculture seems to be one of the most difficult, but equally most significant issues. Author presents the background of current differences over the agricultural issues on both sides of the Atlantic and identifies main topics and challenges on the way to the agreement, e.g.: the level of duties for agricultural products and the pace of their elimination, sanitary and phytosanitary issues, GIs, new technologies in food production, export subsidies as well as food aid. Potential agreement over these issues will trigger significant changes in legal regulations regarding agriculture in the United States as well as in the European Union and its member states, including Poland.

14

MODELLING OF EXCHANGE RATE EFFECTS AND COMPLIMENTARIES BETWEEN AGRICULTURE AND INDUSTRY IN UKRAINE

80%

Shevchuk V.

Information Systems in Management

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2016

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vol. 5

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issue 3

401-412

EN

This paper examines links between the exchange rate, agricultural and industrial outputs in Ukraine. This is estimated using monthly data for the 2001-2015 period. Results provide evidence that there is a positive spillover from agriculture to industry, being in line with modern arguments on the role of agricultural sector in economic growth (infrastructural spillovers, rural income effects, provision of resources for an industrialized economy). However, industrial output squeezes out agricultural production in the short run. Depreciation of the nominal (real) exchange rate has an expansionary effect on industrial output, but it is harmful for agriculture. From a policy perspective, the results suggest that agriculture-supporting policies should be productive in the industrialization context either.

15

Ocena ryzyk ubezpieczeniowych w obowiązkowym ubezpieczeniu upraw rolnych

80%

Malik A.

Studia Iuridica Agraria

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2016

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vol. 14

373-388

EN

This article is an analysis of the issue insurance risks from the point of view of the subjective scope, and of the mandatory crop insurance in the Polish legal system. The issues raised as an element of introduced within the framework of the Common Agricultural Policy for the years 2014-2020 of the system of risk management in agriculture determine the direction of the development of crop insurance as a tool for securing not only the interests of agricultural producers, but also entities in any way dependent on the economic situation of agriculture as a sector of economy. At the same time, the author points to the issues specific to individual insurance risks, as well as to questions of interpretation arising under these regulations. The author also draws attention to the achievements of home insurance legislation in the matter, reaching the beginning of the reborn Polish State, as well as the development trends in the market of compulsory insurance of agricultural crops in Poland, from the perspective of its functioning after Poland’s accession to the European Union.

16

The economic and environmental productivity of agriculture in the process of development

80%

Staniszewski J.

Research Papers in Economics and Finance

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2017

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vol. 2

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issue 1

EN

The paper reviews the economic theories that describe the relationship between agricultural productivity growth and economic development. Historical examples of such relationships are also presented. The review proves that improvements in the productivity of agriculture is a precondition for economic development and its catalyst. The article also describes a negative impact of agriculture industrialization on the environment. The present process of extending the traditionally understood economic sense of productivity to ecological aspects is also explained. Furthermore, the author presents how increase in environmental productivity of agriculture can be a catalyst for development, analogous to the past increases in economical productivity. Calculation of environmental productivity has been presented as a still unsolved problem. A short review of methods and metrics used as so far gives general idea about the future area of compromise in that field.

17

Problem kapitalizacji subsydiów w rolnictwie

80%

Góral J., Kulawik J.

Zagadnienia Ekonomiki Rolnej

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2015

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issue 1(342)

3-24

EN

The capitalization of the subsidies is a process of depositing them in the rental rates, prices of farmland and values of farm’s assets. For example, the capitalization of direct payments is the part of rent increase due to the introduction of these payments. Generally, it is evaluated as a negative impact, which may be in conflict with the improvement of competitiveness of farms. The capitalization of support is a major source of inefficiency of direct transfers to agriculture, particularly those designed to improve the income situation of farmers. Empirical studies differ as to the level of capitalization, its mechanisms, dynamics and conditions. To sum up the foregoing and the results of previous studies, it is clear that the capitalization of subsidies in agriculture is a fact. Its source, nature, intensity and consequences are conditioned in many ways.

18

The role of investment in the efficiency of agriculture – case of Serbia

80%

Tosin M.

Perspectives of Innovations, Economics and Business

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2010

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vol. 6

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issue 3

64-65

EN

Investments are one of the main factors of agricultural development and agricultural development can be considered a function of investment. Agriculture, as one of the most important economic areas in Serbia is need of investments which can intensify agricultural production. The whole progress of humanity caused by the continuous separation of part of the surplus and its investment in the steady development of productive forces of every society, regardless of the mode of production and productive relations that govern it.

19

Strengthening Alternative Agro-food Networks in the Eastern European Countryside

80%

Goszczyński W., Knieć W.

Eastern European Countryside

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2011

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vol. 17

5-20

EN

This paper will answer the question raised by the ongoing debate on the conditions of Alternative Agro-Food Networks (AAFN) strengthened in the specific context of different European countries. Modern, sustainable local food systems are built on the basis of social networks which linked different actors into a coherent, horizontal web. Producers, processors and consumers are bonded by a common vision and values which go far beyond simple market production. The issue of sustainable food production and consumption gains special importance in the post-transformation countries of Eastern Europe.

20

An Analysis of the Labour Productivity of the Agricultural Sector in the Republic of Serbia / Analiza Produktivnosti Rada Sektora Poljoprivrede Republike Srbije

80%

Stanojević J., Krstić B., Đekić S.

Economic Themes

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2015

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vol. 53

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issue 4

467-482

EN

One of the main objectives pursued in agriculture as the primary sector in the economy is to increase the labour productivity. In order for this objective to be achieved, it is necessary to increase agricultural production, while at the same time preserve natural resources and the environment. If the creators of development policies are to formulate effective policies and strategies, adequate information relating to all vital determinants of productivity of agriculture is required. Therefore, the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia annually prepares and publishes, among others, information on the value of agricultural production and the number of employees in agriculture. The aim of this paper is to examine the changes in the level of productivity of agriculture in the Republic of Serbia in the period from 2007 to 2013. It also analyses the impact of labour productivity in agriculture in the share of GDP that is realized in this sector of the national economy. Agricultural population, as one of the factors that affect productivity in agriculture is analysed in terms of education and employment. The aim is to quantify the level of productivity in agriculture, as well as to examine the interdependence between labour productivity and GDP in agriculture, in order to point to the critical determinants of productivity that require improvement. The methods used in this paper are: analysis method, synthesis method, comparison method, descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analysis. Research results show that Serbia has achieved an unenviable level of labour productivity in agriculture within the analysed period of time. Research in this study is useful for the creators and holders of the development policy for the future guidance of development policies and strategies of the agricultural sector in Serbia.

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