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Analysis of the Situation in Ukraine in Spring 2014

100%
Bäcker R., Kopcewicz G., Olszanecka N., Urbański D., Piechowiak-Lamparska J., Bryc A., Bojarczyk B., Jorgensen F. A. E., Niedziołka D., Pacześniak A., Potorski R., Wincławska M., Włodkowska-Bagan A., Jeran A., Mol A., Solsbery A., Dąbrowska I., Głodkowski M., Kopcewicz G., Olszanecka N., Piechowiak-Lamparska J.
The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies
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2014
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issue 2 (6)
PL
In the article the author presents his analysis of the current political events in Ukraine, beginning with the origin of the Euromajdan and the mistakes of president Yanukowych that eventually led to his removal. The Ukrainian society is depicted with strong emphasis on the high level of political awareness that is characteristic of that society and their determination to reach their goals, as well as their political and economic aspirations. According to the author, the Ukrainian-Russian war started on February 28, 2014 when unidentified troops began occupation of administrative buildings in Crimea and the development of this conflict will bring severe consequences for both countries. Furthermore, the possible reasons why Putin chose the Crimea as an arena of his political pursuits are provided, as well as his minimum, maximum and interval targets concerning Ukraine. The author also maintains that the West and its actions or lack thereof is crucial for Ukraine; he notices that the demands made by the Western side are ignored, but he sees them not as “empty words” but announcements of future political events. He believes that the Western countries will take action in two ways: they will introduce immediate symbolic sanctions, as well as long-term sanctions aimed to prevent violating international law in the future. The article also presents the author’s prediction concerning the future actions of the Western states and the likelihood of direct NATO intervention. Additionally, the author considers the situation in Ukraine also from the perspective of Poland.
2
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Aneksja Półwyspu Krymskiego w świetle teorii operacji specjalnych GRU

63%
Wojnowski M.
SECRETUM. Służby specjalne, bezpieczeństwo, informacja
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2015
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issue 1(2)
96 - 115
PL
Celem opracowania jest przedstawienie aneksji Krymu widzianej przez pryzmat teorii operacji specjalnych GRU. Zasady użycia sił specjalnych i sposoby ich działania szczegółowo przedstawili rosyjscy wojskowi pełniący służbę w GRU. W przebiegu aneksji Półwyspu Krymskiego trudno doszukać się nowatorskich sposobów wykorzystania sił specjalnych. Ich działania stanowią recepcję metod stosowanych w konfliktach zbrojnych majacych miejsce w 2. połowie XX stulecia i na początku XXI w., które wzbogacono o nowe roziwązania technologiczne.
EN
The aim of the paper is to present the annexation of the Crimea perceived through the theories of the GRU special operations. The principles of using special forces and their methods of operation have been described in detail by Russian military commanders serving in the GRU. In the course of the annexation of the Crimean Peninsula no novel uses of special forces can be observed. Their operations constitute the application of the methods forged during the military conflicts of the second half of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century, with the addition of new technological solutions.
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Byłe republiki ZSRR wobec aneksji Krymu do Rosji – analiza porównawcza reakcji państw

63%
Karolak-Michalska M.
Studia Gdańskie. Wizje i rzeczywistość
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2017
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vol. Tom 14
333-348
EN
The aim of the article is to analyze the reaction of the former USSR towards the an-nexation of the Crimea to Russia. The author points out that the crisis Ukrainian-Russian met a series of reactions, which were particularly important response to those located in the immediate vicinity of Russia. Violation of the integrity of the borders of Ukraine provoked a wave of unrest in the region of the former republics of the com-munist empire, which faced a need to respond to the rapidly changing political reality. Analyzing the responses of individual countries, the author concludes that either option of the conflicting parties, it was the first test for the condition of the political and economic policies of particular countries, and secondly verified relations with Russia, revealing interdependencies and concerns, and also gave Kremlin authorities with in-formation on how much they can afford to continue violating international order.
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