This paper focuses on the current trend of using clipped or abbreviated proper names in contemporary French. Its aim is to describe the specific features of onomastics in the French language. The treatment is based on the author’s doctoral thesis defended in 2012 at the Faculty of Arts of Palacký University in Olomouc, in which clipping was found to often affect proper names. This led to a more detailed and systematic analysis of clippings with a high frequency, proper names and surnames. In the French press, these words are often presented in a playful manner. Journalists know how to play with proper names — not only with those of famous people, but also with various other names. It is therefore not only the need for brevity that may have created clipping but also the need for playfulness that might have motivated the birth of this phenomenon.
This article aims at discussing the issue of metaphorical denominations belonging to psychiatric terminology. Based on the corpus of French terms from this medical field, we shall present those that specifically refer to literary, mythical and historic characters. After briefly explaining each of the analyzed designations as well as the profiles of the mentioned characters, we shall seek to reveal what the established metaphorical connections are based on.
FR
L’article traite des dénominations métaphoriques appartenant à la terminologie psychiatrique. En s’appuyant sur un corpus de termes français provenant de cette spécialité médicale, nous présentons ceux qui font spécifiquement appel aux personnages littéraires, mythiques et historiques. Après avoir expliqué brièvement chacune des appellations analysées, ainsi que les profils des personnages évoqués, nous cherchons à révéler sur quoi reposent les connexions métaphoriques établies.
Cet article se propose de résumer les opinions concernant la traduction des noms propres dans la littérature et d’analyser à travers des exemples des textes les méthodes appliquées par les traducteurs dans la traduction anglaise et les deux traductions françaises de deux romans afrikaans. Une des traductions a été faite directement du texte source afrikaans, tandis que l’autre a été faite de la traduction anglaise du texte source. L’article se concentrera sur la traduction des patronymes, des prénoms, des surnoms, des appellatifs et des toponymes.
EN
This article presents a short summary of opinions related to the translation of proper names in literary translation as well as analyses using textual examples that illustrate the methods applied by the translators into English and French of two Afrikaans novels. One of the translations was done directly from the Afrikaans source text, while the other was done from the English translation of the source text. The article will focus on the translation of patronyms, first names, nicknames, appellatives and toponyms
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