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The Role of Marxian Alienation Theory in Marx’s Relational-Dynamic Philosophy of Social Being

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Krakowiak J. L.

Dialogue and Universalism

2019

issue 1

117-145

I have chosen to approach the Marxian alienation theory from a historical angle and recount its evolution in Marx’s Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 and the Grundrisse (Foundations of the Critique of Political Economy), wherein it develops into a theory regulating the co-creation of conditions for “freedom” in the choice of processes that lead to de-alienation. I will attempt to present the alienation theory as an aspect of a broader anti-metaphysical critique of all substantialism, According to Marx, the substantialist approach to history could at most only pretend to be dynamic and ignored the structural complexity of being, whereas the true idea was to notice and keep track of the structural and qualitative changes brought to being by the genetic, structural, social, economic, class and institutional conditionings of human history. My main focus is on the historical evolution and structure of the dialectical element in the processes that change human life according to Marx, who denied matter any rationally justified existence outside the human sphere. Marx, who stood under the influence of Kant, Hegel and British political economy, criticised primitive metaphysical materialism. The onset of capitalism also brought the gradual demise of man’s fascination with nature, because capitalism gradually turned it entirely into a practical and theoretical tool, something of utility to humans.

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1 Dialogue and Universalism

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1 Krakowiak J. L.

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The Role of Marxian Alienation Theory in Marx’s Relational-Dynamic Philosophy of Social Being