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The influence of socio-demographic characteristics on attitudes towards prophylactic vaccination in Poland

100%

Włodarska A., Gujski M., Pinkas J., Raciborski F.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

2021

vol. 34

issue 1

121-132

ObjectivesA legally regulated program of mandatory vaccinations is in place in Poland. The number of vaccination refusals increased from 3437 to 48 609 in 2010–2019. The aim of the study was to determine the association of various socio-demographic factors with the attitudes of the residents of Poland to prophylactic vaccination.Material and MethodsThe study was based on a secondary statistical analysis of a representative sample of 977 adult residents of Poland (a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study). Data was purchased from the Public Opinion Research Center.ResultsThe study group was characterized by a high level of acceptance of vaccinations. At the same time, nearly a third (31%) of the subjects agreed with the statement that vaccination is promoted mainly because this is in the interests of pharmaceutical companies, and more than a fifth (22%) of the respondents believed that vaccines for children can cause serious developmental disorders, including autism. A detailed multivariate analysis based on logistic regression revealed that being deeply religious (compared to being a non-believer) and living in a town with a population of 20 000–499 999 (compared to living in a rural area) were strongly associated with a very high acceptance of the anti-vaccination content. The opposite attitude was associated with having an average or good financial situation (compared to a poor financial situation), having completed vocational education (compared to primary education) and being ≥65 years old (as opposed to being <30 years old).ConclusionsMost socio-economic factors analyzed did not influence the respondents’ attitudes to prophylactic vaccination or showed little influence. Strong anti-vaccination beliefs were associated with being deeply religious and living in a town with a medium-size or small population.

Vaccinations as a problem of medicalization/ Medykalizacja szczepień ochronnych

67%

Pograniczna K., Mroczek B.

Medical Science Pulse

2017

vol. 11(2)

17-21

Background: The process of medicalization as a form of biopower is present in many aspects of human life, including vaccination. Aim of the study: The study aims to determine social attitudes towards medicalization in the context of vaccination, and to assess the relationship between children’s vaccinations and the knowledge and education of their parents. Material and methods: This survey-based study involved 180 subjects – 141 women and 39 men. The median of age was 28 years. 32.2% of the participants (58) had a medical education and 67.8% (122) non-medical education. 52.78% of people included in the study (95) had at least one child and 47.22% (85) were childless. The study was conducted using the authors’ questionnaire fallowed by the test of knowledge. Results: Respondents with a high level of knowledge are afraid of vaccination policy and believe that the fact that the state decides on these issues is a violation of human rights. The majority of them do not vaccinate their children. People with medical education vaccinate their children more often than those with non-medical education. Conclusions: In the context of vaccination, it is clear that the level of the knowledge and the number of vaccinated children are unsatisfactory. Repeated myths about harmfulness of vaccinations and fear of adverse postvaccination reactions are the reasons, why parents refuse to vaccinate their children. The control of biopolitics over vaccinations is a part of medicalization, which is strongly experienced by individuals with a high level of knowledge. Reliable information provided by a physician could increase the number of parents, who decide to vaccinate their children. Wstęp: Proces medykalizacji jako biowładzy i kontroli objął wiele płaszczyzn i sfer ludzkiego życia, w tym w obszar szczepień ochronnych. Cel pracy: Określenie społecznego odczucia medykalizacji w kontekście szczepień ochronnych oraz ocena poziomu wyszczepialności dzieci w odniesieniu do poziomu wiedzy i wykształcenia rodziców. Materiał i metody: Badania przeprowadzono wśród 180 osób – 141 kobiet i 39 mężczyzn, mediana wieku wynosiła 28 lat. Wykształcenie medyczne miało 32,2% (58), niemedyczne – 67,8% (122); 52,78% (95) badanych miało co najmniej jedno dziecko, osoby bezdzietne stanowiły 47,22% (85). Zastosowano sondaż diagnostyczny z wykorzystaniem autorskiego kwestionariusza ankiety wraz z testem wiedzy. Wyniki: Respondenci o wysokim poziomie wiedzy obawiają się polityki szczepień ochronnych oraz twierdzą, że decyzyjność państwa w tej sprawie to łamanie praw człowieka. Większość z nich nie szczepi swoich dzieci. Osoby z wykształceniem medycznym częściej niż osoby z wykształceniem niemedycznym poddają dzieci szczepieniom ochronnym. Wnioski: W kontekście szczepień ochronnych uwidacznia się niezadowalający poziom wiedzy społeczeństwa i niezadowalający poziom wszczepialności dzieci. Powielanie mitów na temat szkodliwości szczepień oraz obawa przez niepożądanymi odczynami poszczepiennymi powoduje rezygnację rodziców ze szczepienia dzieci. Kontrola edubiopolityki nad procesem wyszczepialności wchodzi w obszar medykalizacji, co silnie odczuwają osoby o wysokim poziomie wiedzy. Dostarczenie rzetelnych informacji w relacji lekarz – rodzic mogłoby spowodować wzrost pozytywnych decyzji o szczepieniu.

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1 International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

1 Medical Science Pulse

1 2021

1 2017

1 Gujski M.

1 Mroczek B.

1 Pinkas J.

1 Pograniczna K.

1 Raciborski F.

1 Włodarska A.

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The influence of socio-demographic characteristics on attitudes towards prophylactic vaccination in Poland

Vaccinations as a problem of medicalization/ Medykalizacja szczepień ochronnych