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Antonymous frameworks in Serbian written discourse: Phrasal contexts of antonym co-occurrence in text

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Kostić N. a.

Poznań Studies in Contemporary Linguistics

2011

vol. 47

509

This paper presents the results of a study that analyzes antonym co-occurrence in written texts in a corpus of contemporary Serbian language. It adopts the metalexical approach to paradigmatic semantic relations, which posits that semantic relations among words are represented as part of what we know about the words. Antonymy is within this theoretical framework viewed as a conceptual relation, derivable by a single relational principle. Contexts of antonym use in the sentence seem to be structured and can be explained if conceptual approach to antonymy is adopted. Two major, and four minor, functions of antonyms have been identified in discourse, matching the results of similar analyses in other languages, such as English, Japanese, Swedish and Dutch. Antonyms in Serbian written discourse are predominantly used with an aim to either maximize contrast or annul its existence. This “paradox” can be explained if we postulate that antonyms are minimally different (i.e. similar but for one relevant difference) which makes it possible for the language users to focus on either of these two properties when they use them in discourse. This paper describes the notion of antonymous framework and the roles that antonyms can have in these phrasal contexts. The conclusions provide support to conceptual approach to antonymy and contribute to investigations of antonyms from pragmatic perspective using corpus data.

PARAPHRASES OF LEGAL TERMINOLOGY BASED ON LAY PERCEPTIONS

51%

OKAWARA M. H.

Comparative Legilinguistics

2015

vol. 24

7-17

Praca dotyczy kwestii stosowania prostego języka prawnego i prawniczego w Japonii. W pierwszej części autorka omawia spór toczący się w tym zakresie pomiędzy prawnikami i laikami. Następnie omawia badanie dotyczące parafrazy terminologii prawa cywilnego w ramach grantu naukowego pt. ‘A Study on Paraphrase of Civil Legal Terms based on Lay Perception’, finansowanego przez Japońskie Stowarzyszenie Promocji Nauki od kwietnia 2012 do marca 2013 roku. Badanie wykazało, że w wielu przypadkach terminy prawnicze są błednie rozumiane przez użytkowników nie mających wykształcenia prawniczego. Jednym z takich terminów jest ‘zamiar’ (故意).

This paper discusses the issue of plain legal language in Japan. First, several legal language battles between legal and lay people are shown, followed by a paraphrase work on civil legal terms based on a research titled ‘A Study on Paraphrase of Civil Legal Terms based on Lay Perception’, which was funded by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science from April of 2012 to March of 2013. The research was conducted, using corpus analysis of civil legal terms appeared in ordinary writings and questionnaire of legal experts. The finding of the research is that ‘misunderstood’ legal words which appear more than 50% in non-legal writings is an obstacle to lay understanding. One ‘misunderstood’ legal term ‘intent’ (故意) is selected for paraphrase analysis from the point of views of antonym, synonym, derivative of legal term.

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1 Comparative Legilinguistics

1 Poznań Studies in Contemporary Linguistics

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1 Kostić N. a.

1 OKAWARA M. H.

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Antonymous frameworks in Serbian written discourse: Phrasal contexts of antonym co-occurrence in text

PARAPHRASES OF LEGAL TERMINOLOGY BASED ON LAY PERCEPTIONS