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EN
Ecocriticism is a relatively new, important and rapidly developing field of study of works of art, focusing on the relationship between literature and the environment. From its initial focus on non-fiction depictions of nature (in “nature writing”), it has expanded its attention during its second generation to include all types of environmental representation in literature and media in general. Far from being a purely evaluative or even ideological method, ecocriticism explores representations of the relationship between nature and culture, reflects on the interconnection between environmental and social themes and analyses innovative narrative strategies that seek to address complex issues. Following an introductory characterization and an overview of the development of ecocriticism, this study will focus on seven contemporary Czech novels dealing with environmental issues.
RU
Напротяжении своей истории человечество разработалo ряд стратегий с помощью которых удерживался баланс между ростoм популяции и наличием доступных ресурсов, необходимых для удовлетворения его основных жизненных потребностей. Эти стратегии всегда определялись экологическими возможностями конкретного региона, в то же время оказывали воздействие на его среду. Однако степень воздействия на окружающую среду, наблюдаемая в последние десятилетия, позволяет утверждать, что человечество стало “ведущей силой”, влияющей нa геологическое и климатическоe состяние окружающей среды планеты. Будущее человечества завист от того, успеет и сможет ли оно изменить свои стратегии до момента, пока ресурсы планеты еще позволяют существование глобальной цивилизации.
EN
In its history, humankind worked out several life strategies with which they were balancing their growth in number and the availability of sources to satisfy their basic needs. These life strategies were always determined by the environmental opportunities of specific region, but, at the same time they impacted this environment. However, the degree of environment influence attained in last decades such a level that humankind became a geologic-climate force. Now the future of humankind depends on whether the humankind will be able to change its life strategies applied until now, before the environment of the globe stops to make possible the existence of global civilization.
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