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PL
Wobec kryzysu współczesnej ekopedagogiki, której dorobek wydaje się niewystarczający do przezwyciężenia trwającego kryzysu ekologicznego, artykuł próbuje poddać pod rozważania teoretyczne dwie koncepcje z innych nauk. Mowa o geologicznej konpcecji antropocenu oraz ekologiczno-społeczno-ekonomicznej koncepcji kapitalocenu. W tej pierwszej znaleźć można podłoże do systemowych rozważań na temat roli człowieka w ekosystemie globalnym, zaś w tej drugiej podłoże do krytycznego przewartościowania podstawowych założeń ekopedagogiki, rozumianej jako „zielona” gałąź pedagogiki krytycznej, kontestującej kształt współczesnego systemu społeczno-gospodarczego (kapitalizmu).
EN
Faced with the crisis of contemporary ecopedagogy whose merits seem insufficient to overcome the current ecological crisis, the article tries to give into consideration two theoretical concepts from other sciences. Those are the geological concept of Anthropocene and the eco-socio-economic concept of Capitalocene. The former can be the basis of systemic considerations of humanity’s role in the global ecosystem, while the latter can be the basis of critical reevaluation of the founding principles of ecopedagogy, which is understood as the “green” branch of critical pedagogy, contesting the shape of the current socio-economic system (capitalism).
PL
Zgodnie z powszechnym konsensusem naukowym, wpływ współczesnych społeczeństw na środowisko jest istotną przyczyną obecnie doświadczanych skutków globalnego ocieplenia. Oprócz funkcji nauki jako diagnosty efektów antropocenu, odgrywa ona co najmniej dwie dodatkowe role w historii zmian klimatycznych wywołanych przez człowieka. Współczesna nauka stara się działać jako terapeuta, proponując liczne działania, które należy podjąć, aby stawić czoła zagrożeniom, przyczynom i konsekwencjom zmian klimatycznych. Ponadto instytucja nauki jest (współ)producentem zagrożeń antropogenicznych ze względu na celowe i niezamierzone wykorzystywanie wiedzy naukowej i technologii opartych na nauce do celów społecznych. W związku z powyższym, korzystając z socjologicznej perspektywy, postawione zostaje pytanie, w jaki sposób przedstawienia nauki w przykładowych powieściach fikcji klimatycznej, gatunku współczesnej literatury zajmującej się globalnym ociepleniem wywołanym przez człowieka i jego społecznymi implikacjami, ukazują ją jako producenta, diagnostę i terapeutę zagrożeń społecznych.
Porównania
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2022
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vol. 31
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issue 1
63-77
EN
On the 21st of May 2019 the Anthropocene Working Group has concluded that a new geological era in Earth’s history has begun-the Anthropocene. The author of the article has deduced that an interdisciplinary discourse regarding climate change should not omit human gardening activity. The Anthropocene is called an epoch of repression, short-sightedness and irreversible loss, which is shown in the work of many modern amateur gardeners. The author presents a vision of two gardens: one that has been made in a harmony of human and nature and one that is dominated solely by humans. In her article she contrasts the information from gardening guidebooks with the knowledge of amateur gardeners found in social media. The point of the article is to show the direction of modern gardening. By analysing selected texts, the author seeks an answer to the following question: are the gardeners, who see climate change, able to break out of their apathy and start to work for the environment or will they rather just continue doing what they are doing now?
PL
21 maja 2019 roku Anthropocene Working Group uznała, że rozpoczęła się już nowa epoka geologiczna w historii Ziemi – antropocen. Autorka artykułu uznała, że interdyscyplinarny dyskurs dotyczący zmian klimatycznych nie może pominąć ogrodniczej działalności człowieka. Antropocen określany jest mianem epoki wyparcia, krótkowzroczności i nieodwracalnych strat, co znajduje odzwierciedlenie także w działaniach wielu współczesnych ogrodników amatorów. Autorka prezentuje dwie wizje ogrodów: powstałego w zgodnej koegzystencji człowieka i natury oraz zdominowanego przez człowieka. Konfrontuje w swoim artykule informacje zawarte w poradnikach ogrodniczych z wiedzą obecnych na portalach społecznościowych ogrodników amatorów. Celem artykułu jest pokazanie, w jakim kierunku rozwija się współczesne ogrodnictwo. Analizując wybrane teksty, autorka poszukuje odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy ogrodnicy, widząc zmiany klimatyczne, są w stanie wyrwać się z marazmu i zacząć pracować na rzecz środowiska, czy też nadal pozostaną w sferze dotychczasowych działań.
EN
This article proposes the concept of climate empathy as a tool in Polish studies and a response to the climate crisis of the Anthropocene epoch. The first part discusses the most important teaching proposals so far in the field of ecological humanities. The second section covers the most important psychological research on the relationship between empathy and reading fictional texts. The project of climate empathy includes three important directions: a turn to emotions and action, a turn to “here and now,” and a turn to fictional works of fantasy and science‑fiction.
PL
W niniejszym artykule zaproponowano koncepcję empatii klimatycznej jako narzędzia w dydaktyce polonistycznej i odpowiedzi na kryzys klimatyczny epoki antropocenu. W pierwszej części omówione zostały najważniejsze dotychczasowe propozycje dydaktyczne w ramach humanistyki ekologicznej. Następnie przywołano najważniejsze badania psychologiczne, dotyczące związków między empatią a lekturą tekstów fikcjonalnych. Projekt empatii klimatycznej zawiera w sobie trzy najważniejsze założenia: zwrot ku emocjom i działaniu, zwrot ku aktualności oraz zwrot ku fikcji i fantastyce oraz science‑fiction.
EN
This article considers the Anthropocene, global warming, and climate catastrophe as special challenges for humanity and as literary themes in contemporary poetry. In poems written by women during the last few years, these problems are presented in ways that transform our common perception and collective emotions. Interpretation of texts (written by Ewa Lipska, Marzanna Bogumiła Kielar, Julia Fiedorczuk, Urszula Zajączkowska, Justyna Bargielska, Ilona Witkowska, Małgorzata Lebda) lead to wider‑ranging results: the Anthropocene, as probably the last epoch in the history of the human world, must be perceived as a specific call for restorative activities for individuals and all mankind.
PL
Głównym celem artykułu są rozważania poświęcone antropocenowi, globalnemu ociepleniu i katastrofie klimatycznej pojmowanym jako wyjątkowe wyzwanie dla ludzkości oraz literacki temat w najnowszej poezji. W wierszach pisanych przez poetki w ciągu ostatnich kilku lat ta problematyka została podjęta na różne sposoby, prowadzące jednak do przeobrażeń wspólnotowej świadomości i zbiorowych emocji. Interpretacje utworów (pisanych m.in. przez Ewę Lipską, Marzannę Bogumiłę Kielar, Julię Fiedorczuk, Urszulę Zajączkowską, Justynę Bargielską, Ilonę Witkowską, Małgorzatę Lebdę) wiodą do szerzej zakrojonych wniosków: antropocen, jako być może ostatnia epoka w dziejach znanego nam świata, musi być traktowany jako szczególne wezwanie do ratowniczych działań, tak dla jednostek, jak i całego rodzaju ludzkiego.
8
86%
Muzealnictwo
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2022
|
vol. 63
158-164
PL
Artykuł poświęcony jest zaangażowaniu muzeów w działania na rzecz ochrony klimatu i przeciwdziałania katastrofie klimatycznej. Wobec kluczowego imperatywu warunkującego funkcjonowanie muzeów, których sens definiuje m.in. założenie, że będzie „jakaś” przyszłość, dla której warto dbać o eksponaty i inne świadectwa kultury minionej i współczesnej, katastrofa klimatyczna, której jesteśmy świadkami, stawia szczególne wyzwania przed muzeami. Jako instytucje zaufania społecznego, wciąż uznawane ze wiarygodne źródła wiedzy, angażują się coraz częściej w działania na rzecz ochrony środowiska. Świadczą o tym chociażby wystawy, które na temat antropocenu zorganizowały muzea na świecie w ciągu ostatniej dekady. Tekst prezentuje zakres zaangażowania muzeów w tym obszarze i jego przedmiot. Odnosi się także krytycznie do kluczowych dla przyszłości planety, nie tylko ludzi i tworzonych przez nich instytucji, czy szerzej kultur i cywilizacji, tematów, które – jak pokazuje praktyka – nie są podejmowane przez muzea (takie jak odpowiedzialność globalnych korporacji czy ideologia kapitalizmu wzrostu). W tym kontekście stawiane są też pytania o to, na ile muzea i w jakim stopniu mogą zmienić swoje praktyki oddziałujące negatywnie na klimat, takie jak chociażby rezygnacja lub przynajmniej ograniczenie udziału w globalnym ruchu turystycznym i rywalizacji o czas wolny zwiedzających w rynkowej grze o uwagę konsumentów.
EN
The author aims to outline the strategies of resistance against the Anthropocene focusing on two philosophical concepts: the of “geostory” by Bruno Latour and the of “hyperobjects” introduced recently to the ecocriticism by Timothy Morton. In the second part of her text Ubertowska analyses the example of eco-architecture (Zentrum Paul Klee in Bern designed by Renzo Piano) examining how the idea of hyperobjects can be applied in the work of art.
Prace Kulturoznawcze
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2018
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vol. 22
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issue 1-2
129-142
EN
The aim of the article is to localise the representative examples of cultural models of behaviour and ways of adapting to the hazardous environmental changes. It is discussed on the basis of so called flood narratives in Polish literature such as Tomasz Różycki’s Bestiarium (2012) and Maciej Płaza’s Skoruń (2015). The author puts a question about the function of the polonocentric, combative model as a pattern of behaviour that emerges from these texts, as well as about the role of catholic religion in the society who cannot cope with more and more unpredictable catastrophic threats (like the flood). The author concludes that this situation is culturally contextualised and results in the social inability to accept a new ecological paradigm in the space and landscape management.
EN
The article discusses claims and postulates of the so-called An Ecomodernist Manifesto, signed in 2015 by such intellectuals as Ted Nordhaus, Michael Shellenberger, Ruth de Vries or David W. Keith. Ecomodernists (or ecopragmatists, as they liked to be called) believe in the possibility of creating the great or at least the good Anthropocene. Their theses are subsequently confronted in the text with a strong critical response articulated in A Degrowth Response to An Ecomodernist Manifesto, published in the same year. The presentation of the discussion is additionally enriched by the analysis of other arguments, invoked by such scholars as an Australian economist Clive Hamilton, an American ecosocialist Ian Angus, an Irish expert of environmental security Simon Dalby and a French sociologist and philosopher Bruno Latour. The aforementioned researchers interpret the ecomodernist idea of the good Anthropocene as un unjustified techno-optimism, as an attempt to hijack the idea of the Anthropocene, as a kind of highly controversial anthropodicy, and as groundless technological or neoliberal optimism upheld by the privileged groups in the developed world.
Prace Kulturoznawcze
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2018
|
vol. 22
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issue 1-2
113-128
EN
A point of departure for the author is thesis proposed by T.J. LeCain, who studied anthropocentrism hidden in a very nucleus of debate about antropocene. One should, in his view, comprehend and analyse culture and technology as the part or the product of a matter. The “human age” initiated in the age of the industrial revolution driven with fossil fuels turns out to be an effect of transformations, of which coal is a chief perpetrator. The turn from anthropo- to carbocene let us examine factors which are the underlying reason for development of industrial-information society. The very material factors (retaining wide understanding of the term “matter”, which can also include the temperature or the gravity) are called to the scene, and then embodied or set in motion by choreographers — Mette Ingvartsen, Agata Siniarska and Aleksandra Borys — who try to problematize in their works the issue of dispersed, material agency. In her text the author examines how the problems essential for anthropocene and carbocene debates are being choreographed.
EN
Bruno Latour is one of the most influential social science theoreticians today. Yet even his admirers admit they are at a loss when trying to grasp the guiding principles of Latourian thought. Indeed, one can’t help wondering if there is anything in common between the ethnographic observation of an endocrinology laboratory, the analysis of Charles Péguy’s writing style, the anthropological criticism of Modernism, an apocalyptic discourse on Anthropocene, the semiotic study of religious speech, the Actor-Network Theory, and philosophical inquiry into plurality of modes of existence. Latour stresses that his works are part of a “great hidden project”, although he does not bother to explain of what this project consists. In this paper, I attempt to throw light on the riddle of Latour’s “hidden project” and to figure out its meaning. My analysis is premised on the hypothesis that Latour’s system should be interpreted as a form of worldview, similar to what anthropologists used to call cosmologies when studying societies outside the Western world. Like most worldviews in the European tradition, the Latourian cosmology is rooted in the question of evil and salvation. This allows us to perceive the unity of the Latourian system, which aims at transforming the European civilization, including a new reformation of the Christian religion. Latour promises to free us from the errors of Modernism and, at the same time, to renew our conception of ontology, science, religion, politics, ecology and ethics.
EN
Michał KisielInstitute of English Cultures and LiteraturesFaculty of PhilologyUniversity of Silesia in Katowice, PolandChristophe Bonneuil, Jean-Baptiste Fressoz, The Shock of the Anthropocene (A Critical Note)Abstract: The present critical note concerns the recent book by Christophe Bonneuil and Jean-Baptiste Fressoz, The Shock of the Anthropocene, which offers a detailed study of a contemporary dominant narrative regarding the epoch of anthropocene. The authors attempt at deconstructing this narrative, proposing a dispersed map of supplementary narratives.Keywords: ecocriticism, historiography, anthropocene, narrative
PL
[Scroll down for the Polish version of the Abstract]Michał KisielInstitute of English Cultures and LiteraturesFaculty of PhilologyUniversity of Silesia in Katowice, Poland Christophe Bonneuil, Jean-Baptiste Fressoz, The Shock of the Anthropocene (A Critical Note)Abstract: The present critical note concerns the recent book by Christophe Bonneuil and Jean-Baptiste Fressoz, The Shock of the Anthropocene, which offers a detailed study of a contemporary dominant narrative regarding the epoch of anthropocene. The authors attempt at deconstructing this narrative, proposing a dispersed map of supplementary narratives.Keywords: ecocriticism, historiography, anthropocene, narrative Christophe Bonneuil, Jean-Baptiste Fressoz, The Shock of the Anthropocene (Nota o książce) Niniejsza nota traktuje o książce Christophe'a Bonneuila oraz Jean-Baptiste'y Fressoza, The Shock of the Anthropocene. Książka jest szczegółowym studium współczesnej dominującej narracji dotyczącej epoki antropocenu. Autorzy podejmują próbę dekonstrukcji tej opowieści oraz proponują rozproszoną mapę supplementarnych narracji.Słowa kluczowe: ekokrytyka, historiografia, antropocen, narracja
Prace Kulturoznawcze
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2018
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vol. 22
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issue 1-2
145-161
EN
The article presents debates about the Anthropocene that attracted archaeologists. So-called archaeology of the Anthropocene stimulates reflections about the use of concept of Anthropocene as an analytical category in heritage studies. Anthropocene is understood here as a conceptual platform that allows to redefine methods used in archaeology and its research goals. The idea of destruction, inherited in the understanding of a discipline of archaeology as well as of the Anthropocene, directs considerations toward the digital turn in archaeology. The article analyzes selected processes that emerge from digital turn, such as visualization of archaeological knowledge, cyber-archaeology and musealization of archaeological sites. The common ground for mentioned above practices is formed by a desire to escape this all-embracing destruction.
EN
In the review article of Christoph Bonneuil’s and Jean-Baptiste Fressoz’s The Shock of Anthropocene I focus mainly on first two parts of the book (out of three) stressing their critical operations on existing structures of knowledge. On the first level, the critical work aims at widely spread commonsensical knowledge backed by propaganda, but on the more important, second level, it aims at dominating grand narrative of Anthropocene. The concepts of history / historical narrative and the man (Anthropos) are analyzed more thoroughly as they are fundamental for the Anthropocene grand narrative. The notion of “Capitalocene” as an alternative more politically reflexive and empirically accurate than “Anthropocene” is also shortly discussed at the end of the paper.
EN
Taking up the problem of climate change, Nicholas Mirzoef, in his book How to See the World, argued that we should make it less abstract and that we need a new mode of visual thinking, adequate to the Anthropocene. The Anthropocene can also be heard and the anthropogenic impacts can have an audible dimension as well. This article provides reasons for using sounds as a medium communicating the ongoing changes and lays out different kinds of sound representations of the anthropocene demonstrated by practitioners and theoreticians of acoustic ecology and sound artists (B. Krause, D. Dunn). Recordings of the environment and works by sound artists are given consideration with respect to their affective potential, their ability to influence us and our emotions, to shape a more responsible attitude to the environment that we inhabit together with the nonhuman agents.
EN
This paper analyses the work of authors associated with Awangarda Krakowska (in Polish: ‘Vanguard of Kraków’), discussing it in terms of contemporary discussions on the Anthropocene. The activity of this most radical formation in Polish modern literature coincided with the pinnacle of industrial progress. The members of the movement were staunch supporters of the latter which they tended to describe in terms of fossil fuels industry and the taming or transformation of natural environment. Adopting Peiper’s formula of three ‘M’s’ (Megalopolis, Mass, Machine), their attitude to nature is here discussed through three ‘E’s’: Enthusiasm, Exploitation, and Ecology. The former two were prevalent concepts in the interwar period and were derived from the philosophical discourse of modernity, gaining further focus in the avant-garde aesthetics and its slogans of human rivalry with nature. The resulting texts presented the intense process of transforming reality as an epic of forging a new order and introducing creative orderly patterns into the chaotic world of nature. This perspective tends to gradually disappear in the post-war texts, as the members of the avant-garde movement realised the negative consequences of the processes they once praised. Their texts reveal symptoms of ecological awareness and first suggestions that human attitude towards nature should be redefined.
EN
Culture researchers have recently highlighted the link between the combustion of petroleum products and individual freedom, one of the premises of Western world. This observation has contributed to the emergence of two research areas, petroculture and (more broadly) energy humanities. They study how a given energy regime can influence the forms of culture, the origin and development of species, and the philosophical approach to an individual in the world. One of modern history mechanisms has been identified as petromelancholia, a nostalgia for the times of easy access to cheap crude oil. These ideas offer a starting point for an analysis of the exhibition at the Harley-Davidson Museum in Milwaukee. While tapping into individual freedom and technological nostalgia in the narrative layer, the exhibition does not feature petrol as a substance. Instead it is communicated only as a technological and media content: fuel tanks painted in bright colours, a gallery of engines, conventionalised diagrams. The dependence of individual freedom on access to petrol can be seen in Josh Kurpius’s photographs of American motorcycle nomads. It is a shift towards the past inspired by Harley-Davidson’s marketing strategy; however, it also reveals the compensatory role of nostalgia in the face of climate catastrophe.
EN
This article is an attempt to develop a post-humanist model of collecting that will be relevant to the emerging project of archiving the Anthropocene. To reflect on the potential of weak collections in this respect, a case study of Pablo Neruda’s collection of seashells is used. Started in 1939, it continued growing for the next 15 years. Neruda’s collection was unique. Rather than follow strict rules it expanded spontaneously and without a plan. It was never properly stored or studied; however, (or perhaps because of that) it was a perfect example of a practice of collecting that was neither focused on fetishising the objects nor on capitalising on them. The collection has a strong human subject – descending, making room for other weak and minor subjects to be heard and appreciated. Neruda’s collection, or as we may call it, an open assembly of eco-facts invites non-human subjects – such as seashells – to speak up about our common history and share their own narratives. Perhaps a weak collection is the way in which our epoch, the Anthropocene, can and should be commemorated.
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